Table of Contents
- The Ubaid civilization (5900-4000 BCE)
- The Indus Valley civilization (3300-1300 BCE)
- The Norte Chico civilization (3500-1800 BCE)
- The Egyptian civilization (3100-30 BCE)
- The Xia dynasty (2100-1600 BCE)
- Sumerian civilization (ca. 4000 BCE – 2000 BCE)
- Akkadian Empire (ca. 2334 BCE – 2154 BCE)
- Babylonian Empire (ca. 1894 BCE – 539 BCE)
- Assyrian Empire (ca. 2500 BCE – 609 BCE)
- The Pyramid of Giza
- Sphinx
The Ubaid civilization (5900-4000 BCE)
The Ubaid civilization was located in Mesopotamia, and it is considered to be the earliest known civilization in the region. The Ubaid people were known for their advanced agricultural practices, as well as their use of irrigation systems and pottery.
The Indus Valley civilization (3300-1300 BCE)
The Indus Valley civilization was located in the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent, and it was one of the earliest urban civilizations in the world. The Indus Valley people were known for their well-planned cities, advanced drainage systems, and trade with other civilizations.
The Norte Chico civilization (3500-1800 BCE)
The Norte Chico civilization was located in present-day Peru, and it is considered to be one of the earliest known civilizations in the Americas. The Norte Chico people were known for their large ceremonial centers and the use of a complex system of canals for irrigation.
The Egyptian civilization (3100-30 BCE)
The Egyptian civilization emerged along the Nile River in northeastern Africa, and it is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. The Egyptians were known for their impressive architecture, such as the pyramids and temples, as well as their advanced writing system and religion
The Xia dynasty (2100-1600 BCE)
The Xia dynasty was the first recorded dynasty in Chinese history, and it is considered to be the beginning of Chinese civilization. The Xia people were known for their advanced bronze metallurgy and the construction of the Great Wall of China.
Sumerian civilization (ca. 4000 BCE – 2000 BCE)
The Sumerians were the first civilization in Mesopotamia, and they developed a complex religious system that included the worship of the Annunaki.
Akkadian Empire (ca. 2334 BCE – 2154 BCE)
The Akkadians conquered the Sumerians and adopted much of their culture and religious beliefs, including the worship of the Annunaki.
Babylonian Empire (ca. 1894 BCE – 539 BCE)
The Babylonians were also heavily influenced by Sumerian culture and religion, and they continued to worship the Annunaki.
Assyrian Empire (ca. 2500 BCE – 609 BCE)
The Assyrians were another Mesopotamian civilization that worshipped the Annunaki, although their religious beliefs were somewhat different from those of the Babylonians and Sumerians.
The Pyramid of Giza
Also known as the Great Pyramid of Khufu, was constructed around 2560 BCE during the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt. There are several methods that have been used to date the construction of the Pyramid, including:
Carbon dating: This method involves measuring the levels of carbon-14 in organic material found near the Pyramid, such as bones or wooden fragments. By comparing these levels to known levels of carbon-14 from the same time period, scientists can estimate the age of the organic material and thus the Pyramid.
Astronomical dating: This method involves studying the alignment of the Pyramid with certain celestial bodies, such as the stars in the constellation Orion. By examining the position of these stars in the night sky at the time of construction, scientists can estimate the age of the Pyramid.
Archaeological dating: This method involves examining the artifacts and other material found in and around the Pyramid to determine their age. By using techniques such as pottery dating and stratigraphy, archaeologists can estimate the age of the Pyramid.
Sphinx
In 1991, Professor Schoch scientifically dated the Sphinx to thousands of years prior to the time of the Egyptian pharaohs, having been constructed at the end of the last ice age. This places the statue at a time when the Saharan region was much more humid, lush with plant and animal life, and subject to persistent rainfall. And despite constant criticism from mainstream archeologists, he’s held his ground, showing seismic data of the region which suggests the Sphinx’s origin may be more accurately placed at 10,000 B.C.E.
