12 Adityas in Hindu Mythology

The Adityas are the sons of Aditi, the primordial mother goddess, and Kashyapa, a sage and progenitor of many beings. Aditi is considered the mother of the gods, and the Adityas are among her most significant offspring.

See also Asherah, mother of the gods

Traditionally, there are twelve Adityas, each associated with a specific month of the Hindu calendar. Their number reflects the solar cycle and embodies various aspects of the sun’s influence on life and nature.

1. Mitra: Associated with friendship and harmony.
2. Varuna: Governs the cosmic order and waters.
3. Aryaman: Linked with hospitality and societal rules.
4. Bhaga: Represents wealth and prosperity.
5. Amsa: Symbolizes a share or portion.
6. Dhatri: Embodies health and creation.
7. Indra: King of the gods and associated with rain and thunderstorms.
8. Vivasvan: Another name for Surya, the sun god.
9. Tvashtha: The divine artisan or craftsman.
10. Pusha: Protector of travelers and herds.
11. Savitr: Associated with the rising and setting sun.
12. Vishnu: In some traditions, also considered one of the Adityas, representing the preserver of the universe.

Comparison with the Atlantean Kings

In his dialogues “Timaeus” and “Critias,” Plato describes Atlantis as an advanced civilization ruled by ten kings. Each king governed one of the ten regions of Atlantis, and they were said to be descendants of Poseidon, the god of the sea, and Cleito.

Both the Adityas and Atlantean kings are portrayed as divine or semi-divine beings associated with cosmic or natural order, reflecting common themes in mythology where celestial or supernatural entities influence the world.