Atlantis

I read Lord Arundell of Wardour's The Secret of Plato's Atlantis for the place he gives Atlantis, the dates he will keep, and the secret he thinks Plato was using.

I set him beside the book he is answering, Donnelly's Atlantis: the Antediluvian World, and beside Plato's own Timaeus and Critias.

Title: The Secret of Plato's Atlantis.

What he claims: Plato's Atlantis is not a lost continent in the Atlantic, and its sinking is not the universal deluge.

Idealised from that voyage, Atlantis would be coextensive with the Carthaginian empire, including the Canary and Fortunate Islands, and the colonising of the islands and of the mainland beyond the Atlas mountains.

At the end of Chapter I he says he has one statement left, and that he hopes in a later chapter to disclose the secret of Atlantis (p.

He calls that document the backbone of the Atlantis (p.

Plato, he thinks, states no fact about Atlantis that is not taken from it, except what Plato drew from general or family tradition.

If Atlantis was idealised from Hanno, it would be coextensive with the Carthaginian empire, including the Canary and Fortunate Islands (p.

Against a nine-thousand-year memory of slight Atlantis details, he keeps a three-thousand-year memory of paradise, the universal deluge, and the dispersion.

If Atlantis were the first seat, the trace should run west to east.

For the book this one answers, see Atlantis: The Antediluvian World.

The footnote names it: Atlantis: the Antediluvian World, by Ignatius Donnelly, seventh edition, Sampson Low, London, 1883.

The subsidence of the island or continent of Atlantis, at some indefinite period, was attended by similar circumstances, and the tradition of that catastrophe spread and created the impression of a universal deluge.

First, that an island or continent of Atlantis existed and sank.

He quotes Donnelly's own heads, from the existence of a large island opposite the mouth of the Mediterranean, a remnant of an Atlantic continent, through Plato's description as history, Atlantis as the place where man first rose from barbarism, the overflow to the Gulf of Mexico, the Mississippi, the Amazon, the Pacific coast of South America, the west coast of Europe and Africa, the Baltic, the Black Sea, and the Caspian, and Atlantis as the true antediluvian world: Eden, the Hesperides, the Elysian Fields, the garden of Alcinous, the Mesomphalos, Olympos, and Asgard.

He calls the Atlantis story, in Donnelly's own term, "a novel proposition," not the tradition of the human race.

Donnelly's best point, as he grants it, is the string of names: the Atlas mountains on the African shore nearest the supposed site, an Atlan town on the American shore, Atlantis along the north-west coast of Africa, an Aztec people from Aztlan, the Atlantic, the deity Atlas, and an immemorial tradition of an island.

He answers that one form of the legend already makes Atlas king of Mauritania, where the mountains and the Atlantis are, and that Atlas turned into a mountain by Perseus may be enough to explain a story of a power out of the Atlantic checked by Athens, the city of Athene.

The Irish colonies chapter opens as if Spain and France had already been shown to owe a great part of their population to Atlantis.

Language of that kind, he says, proves a common origin and a migration from Mesopotamia as readily as an emigration from Atlantis, unless one is prepared to derive the Mayas from Maia, daughter of Atlas.

A passage Donnelly gives as the barbarians' awe of the civilised people of Atlantis, their tread shaking the earth, their speed, their wisdom, is, he says, Murray on the Olympians.

Donnelly has decided that Olympos and Atlantis are the same name, so everything said of one is said of the other.

He allows that Atlantis, Olympos, and Asgard can be parts of one common tradition.

The onus is on Donnelly to show that Meru, Olympos, Elysium, Asgard, and Midgard centred on Atlantis.

Donnelly's line, that nations west of the Atlantic look east and nations east of it look west, so that tradition converges on Atlantis, is, he says, equally true if mankind started from the plain of Sennaar.

He asks the reader to decide whether Atlantis belongs with the one historic narrative, or whether all the others grew out of the slender reminiscences in Plato.

Given the amount of scepticism which will attach to the transmission of traditions of such calibre as the garden of paradise, the universal Deluge, the dispersion during 3000 years, how much will exist as to the preservation of the slight reminiscences of Atlantis, as above, during 9000 years?

Atlantis, if the geological argument is kept, sank.

Donnelly, he says, uses that tradition to send the legendary heroes out as survivors of Atlantis and civilisers of the countries they reach, rather than as memories of Noah.

Kronos and Poseidon are not sent in the same way, because Donnelly needs them at the start of Atlantis.

Lenormant's Ilu is the god the Greeks likened to Kronos, and one ideographic name is a land cut by canals, explained as cleansing or inundating, "the god of inundation, the god of the deluge." Poseidon in Atlantis encircles a hill with zones of sea and land and cuts canals.

If those are the same diluvian traditions, Plato's Atlantis would contain diluvian traditions from before the alleged subsidence, which he calls impossible.

Ergo, I should infer, a conclusion at which I shall arrive more definitely by another route, that Atlantis was, in the main, only general tradition taking form and embodiment in the mind of Plato.

Donnelly's lines, and if the submersion of Atlantis took place 9000 B.C., writings extending back only six thousand years do not help us at all.

This chapter, however, has already run to too great length, and the statement will perhaps be more appropriately reserved for consideration in a subsequent chapter, in which I think I shall be able to disclose the secret of Atlantis.

He prints both texts in full in the appendices, Hanno from Heeren and the Atlantis description from Jowett's Critias.

It is my contention (1) that this document forms, so to speak, the backbone of the Atlantis.

Assuming that Atlantis was idealised from the narrative of Hanno, Atlantis would be coextensive with the Carthaginian empire, including the Canary and Fortunate Islands.

The warm and cold springs under the central island, and the food springing abundantly, he says Plato has moved a little earlier than Hanno's order, so as to give Poseidon at Atlantis the same feat as at Athens, where in the reign of Cecrops he called forth a well on the Acropolis with his trident.

The Atlantis island, or continent, thus shrinks to these dimensions.

The other leaves a volcanic subsidence impending, to be read with the earlier statement that Atlantis was sunk by an earthquake.

In speaking of the Atlantis as a fiction I by no means intend that it was a fabrication intended to deceive his contemporaries.

It is not a second site for Atlantis.

In the last chapter I ventured to contend that the Periplus of Hanno was the main foundation for Plato's myth of Atlantis.

Whether the story was true or false, universal or only the drowning of Atlantis, it was either the deluge of Moses, the Hebrews, the Chaldaeans, and general tradition, or the subsidence Donnelly puts under all of them.

On the other side, the deluge of Genesis would be only one line of the tradition of the submersion of Atlantis, "that great deluge of all," as Plato calls it.

If Atlantis is Plato's fiction, every imported tradition will be located there.

He says the extracts are taken somewhat at random, but that pieced together they exhaust Plato's disclosures about Atlantis.

The conception of Atlantis probably originated in some development of the diluvian tradition.

An allegory of Atlantis, in the interval, would have served the same enthusiasm.

Poseidon receives Atlantis, begets children by a mortal woman, and settles them.

It is not a new site for Atlantis.

The findings are in The Secret of Plato's Atlantis.

^395 A7q""*" ^""""'^ Library Secret of Plato's Atlantis.

THE SECRET OF PLATO'S ATLANTIS.

Plato's Atlantis : Mr.

Conjecture as to the probable Basis op Plato's Atlantis 22 III.

.85 Appendix B : Plato's Atlantis 89 Appendix C : Theory as to the Prominence of the Bull in Tradition 100

Plato's atlantis—mb.

It is entitled Atlantis': the Antediluvian World* and, in fact, announces that the Deluge, in which we have hitherto believed and have called universal, at any rate to the extent of the destruction of all mankind,t did not really occur, but that the subsidence of the island or continent of Atlantis at some indefinite period was attended by very similar circumstances, and that it is the tradition of this catastrophe which has somehow spread through all countries, which has created the impression of a universal deluge ; in other words, that there was a deluge, but a deluge as revealed according to Plato, and not according to Moses.

The evidencewhich Mr.Donnelly has accumulated, both as to the diluvian tradition and also as to the common * Atlantis : the Antediluvian World.

origin, at any rate, of the civilised nations " on both sides of the Atlantic," is by no means inconsiderable ; and it will be seen that, in so far as he fails to sustain his special theory of the submerged Atlantis, his convictions, facts, and testimonies must pass to the account or lapse to the inheritance of what I have regarded as the tradition of the human race.

That there once existed in the Atlantic Ocean, opposite the mouth of the Mediterranean Sea, a large island, which was the remnant of an Atlantic continent, and known to the ancient world as Atlantis.

That Atlantis was the region where man first rose from a state of barbarism to civilisation.

That Atlantis perished in a teri'ible convulsion ofnature, inwhich the whole island sank into the ocean, and nearly all its inhabitants.

That a few persons escaped in ships and on rafts, and carried to the nations east and west the tidings of the appalling catastrophe, which has survived to our own time in the Flood and Deluge legends of the different nations of the old and the new worlds." In this theory there are two distinct propositions : (1) that an island or continent of Atlantis existed, and

PLATO S ATLANTIS.

The legend of Atlantis can hardly be asserted even by Mr.

Donnelly to be the tradition of the human race, for he himself terms it " a novel proposition." " The fact that the story of Atlantis was for thousands of years regarded as a fable proves nothiag.

that Atlantis existed and subsided, at any rate pro curgumento, if historical investigation had not destroyed the prima facie evidence which seemed to compel or invite the inquiry.

If' the existence of Atlantis could have been considered probable, we might have believed it to have been the scene of the earthly paradise, the location and domicile of man in the antediluvian world, and the direction to which alike the sad reminiscences and bright hopes .

95 which seems in some sort to faypur the suggestion I have just made : " The traditions of the early Christian ages touching the Deluge pointed to the quarter of the world in which Atlantis was situated." This, however, is only based on the theory of the good monk Cosmas, who believed that the world was flat.

And Poseidon, receiving for his lot the island of Atlantis, begat children by a mortal woman.

the eldest, whowas king, he named Atlas, and from him the whole island and the ocean received the name of Atlantis" (p.

Noah, as handed down in Libyan mythology, following in this the lines of tradition.* And looking to the diffusion of this worship ofPoseidon in Africa, including Egypt, Carthage, Ethiopia, Mauri-tania, and throughout the Phoenician colonisation, we seem to understand Plato's statement that Atlantis once "had an extent greater than Libya and Asia." "For many centuries," says Lenormant, " the Pelasgi of the Archipelago, Greece, and Italy, the Philistines of Crete, the Sicilians, the Sardinians, the Libyans, the Maxyans of Africa, in spite of the distance of sea separating them, united in a close confederation, maintaining a constant intercourse, and thus explaining the Libyan element, hitherto inexplicable, in the most ancient religious traditions of Greece, the worship of the Athenian Tritonis and of the Libyan Poseidon." Atlantis takes its name from Atlas—" the king." We hear of Atlas first in Hesiod, as son of Japetus ; his brother was Mencetius ("Mnesius," Plato; "Menu," Lenormant), and, according to ApoUodorus, his mother's name was Asia.

PLATO S ATLANTIS.

Donnelly's best point is his suggestion that Atlantis is identical with Aztlan in CentralAmerica : "Upon that part of the African continent nearest to the site of Atlantis we find a chain of mountains known from the most ancient times as the Atlas mountains.

Whence the name Atlas, if it be not from the name of the great king of Atlantis ?

An Atlas mountain on the shore of Africa ; an Atlan town on the shore of America ; the Atlantis living along the northwest coast of Africa; an Aztec people from Aztlan in Central America ; an ocean rolling between the two worlds called the Atlantic ; a mythological deity called Atlas holding the world on his 'shoulders ; and an immemorial tradition of an island of Atlantis.

Before abandoning the present ground, let me remark that one form of the legend of Atlas makes him King of Mauritania, where are also located the mountains of Atlas and the Atlantis.

vii., " The Irish Colonies from Atlantis," which naturally excites our interest, commences, "We have seen that beyond question Spain and France owed a great part of their population to Atlantis ;" but if we revert to ch.

iv., " The Iberian Colonies of Atlantis," with the exception of the statement, which I shall presently discuss, that the Turdetani are said by Strabo to have had writings 6000 years old, there is nothing whatever tending to support his contention.

Donnelly to have seen farther into the millstone than any one else, this correspondence of language would tend to prove the common origin of mankind, the original unity of tongue, and the migration from a common centre in Mesopotamia equally with emigration from Atlantis ; unless, indeed, the reader is prepared to believe that the "Mayas" of America are descended from " Maia," the daughter of Atlas !

We should naturally expect that these quotations from Murray had some reference to Atlantis.

Donnelly having satisfied himself that Olympos is identical with Atlantis (he even contends that the letters of the words are interchangeable and the names identical), henceforward everything that is recorded of Olympos is convertibly to be spoken of Atlantis.

From one point of view, Atlantis and Olympos, As^ard and Atlantis, are part of a common tradition, a question which I shall presently discuss.

that Olympos is a tradition of Atlantis.

Donnelly sees the name of Atlantis everywhere.

It is true that from his point of view Eden is only a reminiscence of Atlantis ; but apart from the argument which I shaH proceed to put — Eden in the East having been the prominent belief of mankind—the onus probandi lies on his side of showing that all those traditions, Meru, Olympos, Elysium, Asgard, Midgard, centred in Atlantis.

This he naturally contends means the island of Atlantis, But when we consider that whenever the Ancients represented the world they represented it surrounded by water —it is so represented in Homer and in the map which Mr.

326, Mr.*Donnelly says : " Thus the nations on the west of the Atlantic look to the east for their place of origin ; while on the east of the Atlantic they look to the west : thus all the lines of tradition con.verge upon Atlantis." But precisely the same may be said if we start mankind from the plain of Sennaar.

Compare this with Plato's description of Atlantis : " On the side towards the sea, and in the centre of the whole island, therewas a plain which is said to have been the fairest ofall plains, and very fertile.

He also bega,t and brought up five pairs of male children, dividing the island of Atlantis into ten portions " (Donnelly's Atlantis, p.

I have given these extracts in juxtaposition at some length, as it will thus be possible to decide whether those including Atlantis are all common traditions of the one historic narrative which embraces and completes them all, or whether they all developed out of the slender reminiscences recorded of Atlantis.

that " Plato states that the Egyptians told Solon that the destruction of Atlantis occurred nine thousand years before that date, to wit, about nine thousand six hundred years before tlie Christian era.

Given the amount of scepticism which will attach to the transmission of traditions of such calibre as the garden of paradise, the universal Deluge, the dispersion during 3000 years, how much will exist as to the preservation of the slight reminiscences of Atlantis, as above, during 9000 years ?

As regards the reminiscences of Atlantis, either the tradition of this palace, mountain, and canals was pre- * For one instance, take what Colonel Bawlinson [sup.

In the case of Atlantis the cause was subsidence, or else the geological argument must be abandoned.

According to the requirements of his theory, the intelligence of the submersion of Atlantis was conveyed by the survivors to the various nations.

82) that " Chronos and Saturn- were the same," yet Kronos and Poseidon are not so distributed, for the obvious reason that they stand at the commencement of the civilisation of Atlantis !

actual founder of the kingdom and dynasty of Atlantis, and at the same time the survivor after its subsidence (which happened after the lapse of " many generations ") who brought civilisation to Latium.

We have seen Poseidorf in Atlantis encircling his hill

If these are commo%diluyian traditions of Kronos and Poseidon,^ it must follow that in Plato's account of Atlantis we may have diluvian traditions hefore the alleged period of its subsidence, quod est impossibile.

Ergo, I should infer, a conclusion at which I shall arrive mors definitely by another route, that Atlantis was, in the main, only general tradition taking form and embodiment in the mind of Plato.

In Plato's description.of Atlantis prominence is naturally given to the horse, as is appropriate in any mythological legend which commences with Poseidon.

It is one of M^Donnelly's contentions, in proof of the existence of Atlantis, that the horse, which, upon the evolutionist theory, he declares must have been first domesticated in America, could not have passed from America to Europe without the existence o.f "continuous land communication between the two continents." .

If, however, Atlantis existed, and was the original seat of civilisation and the point from which it spread to other countries, and if it is part of the statement that the horse existed on the island, then reversely we should expect to trace the progress of its use from West to East.

This chapter, however, has already run to too great length, and the statement will perhaps be more appropriately reserved for consideration in a subsequent chapter, in which I think I shall be able to disclose the secret of Atlantis.

CONJECTURE AS TO THE PEOBABLE BASIS OF PLATO'S ATLANTIS.

Donnelly's for further consideration, and as it is based on one of the facts upon which he apparently obtains foothold—one of the islets or peaks, so to speak, of the submerged Atlantis —I will give it in extract : " There was an ancient tradition among the Persians that the Phoenicians inigrated from the shores of the Erythean Sea, and this has been supposed to mean the Persian Gulf ; but there was a very old city of Erythia in utter ruin at the time of Strabo, which was buUt in some ancient age long before the founding of Gades, near the site of that town on the Atlantic coast of Spain.

It wouldeven appear that therewas an island ofErythia " (Donnellj's Atlantis, ip.

Plato's Atlantis, so far as I know, has never been compared and confronted with a'document, the authenticity of which is recognised by Heeren and Lenormant (it will be found in extenso in F.

Z4 • PLATO'S ATLANTIS.

It is my contention (1) that thisdocument forms, so to speak, the backbone of the Atlantis.

I think that I shall be able to show that Plato does not state any fact respecting Atlantis which has not been taken from this document except (2)—for 1 think the ^eptions are sufficiently important to justify a second ^ertion respecting it—unless what Plato drew from the well of general or family tradition.

Eeserving what is preliminary, the account of Atlantis commences thus :* " The tale, which was of great length, began as follows : I have before remarked, in speaking of the allotments of the gods, that they distributed the whole earth into portions.

And Poseidon, receiving for his lot the island of Atlantis, begat children by a mortal woman, and settled them in a part of the island which I will proceed to describe.

Assuming that Atlantis was idealised from the narra- * In Appendix A and Appendix B I give in extenso the description.of Atlantis in Plato's Critias (Jowett's tran?,), and the translation of the Periplus of Hanno from Heeren's Hist.

tive of Hanno, Atlantis would be coextensive with the Carthaginian empire, including the Canary and Fortunate Islands.

and Lenormant terms him " the Libyan Poseidon " The occupation of- Atlantis by Poseidon, and " his begetting children by a mortal woman," and " settling them " in a part of the island, may be conjecturally supposed to be the Carthaginian colonisation of the islands mentioned in Hanno's narrative and of the mainland beyond the mountains of Atlas; and this seems exactly confirmed when we read in Heeren (p.

Bochart'st conjecture is that it was so called because " situated in a plain," which corresponds to the fact ; and Plato describes the plain in which Poseidon (Neptune) " settled,his children " "as the fairest of all plains, and very fertile." Plato "then proceeds abruptly to inform us that " Poseidon next, as he was a god, found no difficulty in making special arrangements for the centre island, bringing the streams of water under the earth, which he caused to ascend as springs, one of warm water and the other of cold ; and making every variety of food to spring up abundantly on the earth." Here Plato a little anticipated Hanno's narrative—apparently for the purpose of introducing the earliest Athenian legend concerning Poseidon, for he is made to perform at Atlantis the same feat with * Lempri^re's Tour to Morocco (Pinkerton), xv.

made alternate zones of sea and land, larger and smaller;' encircling one another." It is next stated in Plato that Poseidon proceeded " to beget five pairs of male children, dividing the island of Atlantis into ten portions." " The eldest, who was the king, he named Atlas, and from him the whole island and the ocean received the name of Atlantic." The name of Atlas is here imported and transferred to the island by Plato from the traditions of Atlas on the mainland.

406) says : " The island in which the palace (the palace of Poseidon) was situated had a diameter of five stadia." The Atlantis island, or continent, thus shrinks to these dimensions.

this lake had three islands larger-than Cerne, whence, returning back, we came again to Cerne." If Hanno's narrative lies at the foundation of Plato'p fragment of Atlantis, it is natural that what ie central in the one should be central in the others, and, accordingly, that what was the.head-quarters in the one should figure as the palace of Poseidon in the other.

We were then afraid, and our divjners ordered us to abandon the island." Plato describes Atlantis thus: "The whole country was described as being very lofty and precipitous on the side of the sea, but the country immediately about and surrounding the city was a level plain.

599) that "Atlantis was sunk by an earthquake." Thus one narrative ends somewhat abruptly with the description of a volcano, and the other with a prognostication of a volcanic subsidence.

Periplus of Hanno is the foundation of Plato's Atlantis, the discovery, if I may so term it, will at any rate supply the reason why the Critias (Atlantis) was never completed, which has remained a difficulty even to Professor Jowett.

" The Critias [Atlantis] is a fragment wMch breaks off in the middle of a sentence.

Why the Critias [Atlantis'] was never completed, whether from accident or advancing age, or from a sense of the artistic difficulty of the design, cannot be determined " (Professor Jowett's Introduction to Plato's Dialogues, ii.

In speaking of the Atlantis as a fiction I by no,means intend that it was a fabrication intended to deceive his ,,contemporaries.

In the last chapter I ventured to contend that the Periplus of Hanno was the main foundation for Plato's myth of Atlantis.

He says, "May not the belief in the 'Atlantis' be as probably owing to^he 'gulf-weed,' which would so naturally suggest the idea of sunken land, as to any of the other causes which are usually assigned for it?" And if this "gulf-weed" 'formed an impassable and impenetrable barrier to exploration in the Atlantic, it must have been a constant subject of speculation with the Phoenician mariners.

Although the conception of Atlantis arose as a myth in the mind of Plato, there • is every indication that a great deal of floating tradition was used in its fabrication, and this "residuum" will remain after the dispersal of the "mirage." There is one statement which strangely falls in with the lines of tradition, andwhich can scarcely escape observation when attention is directed to Plato's narrative, viz.

For whether it was a true or false story of the Deluge, whether it was the universal Deluge, or only the deluge which destroyed the island or " continent " of Atlantis, the fact remains as regards this discussion that it was either the Deluge"which Moses and the Hebrews and the Chaldeans and general tradition record, or it was the subsidence of Atlantis which, according to Mr.

36 PLATO S ATLANTIS'.

PLATO S ATLANTIS.

PIATO'S ATLANTIS.

." The Apaturia, it will be remembered, was the feast of the "registration.of youth," at which Plato tells us he was told the legend of the subsidence of Atlantis; which, as I contend, was only a form of the tradition of the universalDeluge.

On the other hand, it is contended that the Deluge of Genesis was only one line of the tradition of the submersion of Atlantis, which would give a measure of its magnitude—" that great deluge of all," as Plato calls it.

This power came forth from the Atlantic Ocean " If Atlantis is a fiction of Plato's, every .tradition imported into his discourse will naturally be located in Atlantis.

Professor Jowett's view of Atlantis (p.

this legend of a gigantic war, in which Athens was victorious and " brought to an end " (a phrase, by the bye, applicable to the termination of the Persian War, but inconsistent with the destruction of both parties to the contest through " the subsidence of Atlantis "), is precisely the recollections which, in its distorted circumstances, may have remained in Egypt of the Grseco- Persian War, and which the priests of Sais, " the city from which Amasis the .king was sprung," and where a Greek colonyhad been established from an early date {circa 660 B.C.), would have cherished and magnified in^their legend as against the Persian domination, which had engulphed them, as well as the rest of Greece, in a common deluge, subsidence, and destruction, and yet which, BO long as the domination lasted, they would, perhaps, deem it prudent to veil under a legendary disguise.

In chapter ii., when, discussing Plato's Atlantis with reference to the report of Hanno, I omitted to advert to a digression on the laws and institutions of the island of Atlantis, " as I considered that it would be better reserved until we came to the consideration how far other traditions might have been imported.

Just as we are told that the laws of Atlantis were injunctions of Poseidon and handed down by the first men, so we find the Amphictyonic laws attributed to the son of Deucalion, and that the Ionian federation held their assemblies at a sacred place on Mount Mycale, where they had dedicated in common a temple to Neptune.

if any one had any accusation to bring against any one ; and when they had given judgment, at daybreak they wrote down their sentences on a golden tablet, and deposited them as memorials with their robes " (Plato's Atlantis, Jowett).

." Although it may be objected that these extracts are taken somewhat at random from Plato's narrative, yet, on being pieced together, they will be found to exhaust all the disclosures of Plato respecting Atlantis.

We will now consider (it being conceded that the basis of Plato's fiction was the Periplus ofHanno, and that he has imported more recent facts, as, for instance, the incidents of the Persian War) whether something of the original figment of Atlantis might not have been handed down, as

The conception of Atlantis probably originated in some development of the diluvian tradition.

We know little more, of the life of Solon than what Plutarch has preserved, but the little that is told us describes a situation, in which the production of a fiction such as Atlantis in covert allusion would be exceedingly natural.

If, in the interval, encouraged by his success, he had covertly sought to excite their enthusiasm in the cause of Salamis, " the lovely island," would not an allegory in the disguise of' Atlantis have admirably subserved his purpose?

But, however the .exigencies of historical truth may compel us to discard the legend of Atlantis from the ground of history, few would wish to see it banished from the regions of poetry and imagination ; and here we must recur to the pages of Mr.

Donnelly's Atlantis, p.

And Poseidon, receiving for his lot the island of Atlantis, begat children by a mortal woman, and settled them in a part of the island which I will proceed to describe.

He also begat and brought up five pairs of male children, dividing the island of Atlantis into ten portions : he gave to the first-born of the eldest pair his mother's dwelling and the surrounding allotment, which was the largest and best, and made him king over the rest ; the others he made princes,-and gave them rule over many men and a large territory.

" Such was the vast power which the god settled in the lost island of Atlantis ; and this he afterwards directed against our land on the "following pretext, as tradition tells : For many generations, as long as the divine nature lasted in them, they were obedient to the laws, and well-affectioned toward the gods, who were their kinsmen ; for

FLATUS ATLANTIS.

PLATO S ATLANTIS.

J.08 PLATO'S ATLANTIS.

The findings are in The Problem of Atlantis.

~ ATLANTIS BY LEWIS SPENCE ‘Author of ‘* The Myths of Mexico and Peru,” ’ Myths and Legends of Ancient Egypt,” ‘* The Myths of the North American Indians,’’ etc.

The Atlantis of Plato—Plato’s Account Examined— The Evidence from Geology—The Biological Evidence _—The Evidence from Pre-history—The Third Atlan- | ean Invasion—The Evidence from European Trajition—The Evidence from American Tradition— ~The Evidence from Central American Archaeology ~The Evidence from Central American Archaeology | continued)—The Evidence from Egypt—Egyptian ‘and American Comparisons—The Evidence from — Old Peru— The Geography and Topography of Atlan- ‘tis—The Flood—Atlantis Restored.

Frontisptece Lengitnde Uradentale div Merution dc Dares SM : , SS 10 Conjecttiral Map of Atlantis.

THE PROBLEM ATLANTIS BY LEWIS SPENCE AUTHOR OF ‘‘ THE MYTHS OF MEXICO AND PERU” ” REVISED EDITION LONDON OF WILLIAM RIDER & SON, LIMITED 8 PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION THE publication of a second edition of The Problem of Atlantis affords me the opportunity of thanking a very large circle of correspondents for the kind expressions of appreciation they have been good enough to send me from all parts of the world.

vi The Problem of Atlantis.

The Asiatic penetration of America by the Pacific route was late and _ relatively feeble, and contained many influences other than the Egyptian, and the hypothesis which pleads for it has perforce to rely on a much more complicated argument than that which holds that American civilisation directly emanated from Atlantis.

Certain of my arguments may be traversed, but I hasten to say that that will not in any way alter my belief in the basic truth of my contention that the wreck of Atlantis sleeps beneath the sea.

x The Problem of Atlantis Atlan existed, when the continent was discovered by Columbus, at the entrance to the Gulf of Uraba, in Darien, with a good harbour : it is now reduced to an unimportant pueblo named Acla.” What I have said regarding the movement of early civilisation from West to East may arouse opposition from the upholders of that still unofficial theory that all culture emanated from the Egypt of the Pyramid era.

I have not, like some of my predecessors, attempted to show that Atlantis must have flourished in the “ Bronze Age.” The whole circumstances render such a theory untenable.

- On the other hand, I think I have brought cogent arguments against the now widely accepted theory that the idea of Atlantis arose out of a memory of the former civilisation of Crete.

Tue ATLANTIS OF PLATO .

THE GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY OF ATLANTIS .

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Conjectural Map of Atlantis .

The Atlantis of Plato 3 time and opportunity.

But only one account which can be classed as strictly of the nature of documentary evidence has come down to us concerning Atlantis.

The island in question was greater than Libya or Northern Africa and Asia (Asia Minor) put together, ‘‘ and was the way to other islands, and through the islands you might pass through the whole of the opposite continent which surrounded the true ocean.” The largest body of land in this archipelago was, we gather, called Atlantis, and sustained a great and wonderful empire, “which had rule over the whole island and several others, as well as over parts of the (opposite) continent.”” But its inhabitants, not content with the territory which already belonged to them, subjected the parts of Libya within the Pillars of Hercules as far as Egypt, and those of Europe as far as Tyrrhenia (Italy).

In a single day and night of heavy rains all the warlike men of Athens sank into the earth, and the island of Atlantis “‘ in like manner ” disappeared beneath the sea, “‘ and this is the reason why the sea in those parts is impassable and impenetrable, because there is such a quantity of shallow mud in the way, and this was caused by the subsidence of the island.” Further details of the story of Atlantis as told to Solon by the priests of Sais are furnished by Plato in the dialogue known as The Critias.

The Atlantis of Plato 5 Plato makes Critias say that the names of the Atlanteans referred to in the account had been “ Egyptianised ” by the priests, and later Hellenised by Solon himself.

The gods, remarks Critias paraphrasing this account, in dividing the regions of the earth among themselves, apportioned the island of Atlantis to Poseidon or Neptune.

The Atlantis of Plato 4 this glowing edifice.

For many generations the polity of Atlantis was undisturbed ; the people were gentle and obedient to the laws and to the gods, and wise in their intercourse with one another.

Other notices in classical authors which refer to Atlantis are, for the most part, probably based on Plato’s account.

The Atlantis of Plato 9 exceede the stature of us twise, and yet the length of their life is not equale to ours.” He related many other wonders of the two cities, Machimus the warlike and Euseues the peaceful, and how the inhabitants of the former to the number of ten millions once made an attack on Europe, coming first to the land of the Hyperboreans.

He says that the inhabitants of these islands preserved the memory of a much larger Atlantic island, Atlantis, which

Strabo says that Poseidonius (151-135 B.c.) remarked that as the land was known to have changed in elevation the account of Plato ought not to be regarded as fiction, and that such a continent as Atlantis might well have existed and disappeared.

Such are the principal classical allusions to Atlantis.

BEFORE proceeding further, it will be necessary to make a careful and critical examination of Plato’s account of Atlantis.

Plato, it seems to me, set down the story of Atlantis much in the same spirit as Geoffrey of Monmouth set down the tale of Arthur, or Homer that of Troy.

That he did not invent Atlantis is obvious from the following considerations :— He makes Socrates declare that the tale is ‘ ‘ suitable to 1 See the Introductions to his Dialogues of Plato, and especially vol.

He would have transported us as these masters of fiction have done to the allegorical region and atmosphere, to Atlantis itself, and would surely have feigned its contemporary existence.

Nine thousand years, he tells us, had in his day elapsed since Atlantis invaded the Mediterranean basin and was valiantly withstood by the Athenians.

For the present I must confine myself to the criticism of the details of his narrative, which constitutes the only strictly “documentary ” evidence of the existence of Atlantis.

That part of his account which makes the Athenian state the successful upholder of European freedom against the invading hordes of Atlantis must, it is clear, go by the board, instigated as it probably was by national pride or sheer ignorance.

The disposal of the zones of sea and land in Atlantis might at first seem as reminiscent of the machinery of fable as once did the famous Labyrinth at Thebes, or the Hanging

Paul Aucler has led me to observe a marked resemblance between the plan of that city and Plato’s description of Atlantis.

Carthage resembled Atlantis in this, that her power lay to a great extent in her secret situation.

Both Atlantis and Carthage had thus a citadel hill encircled by zones of land and water, a canal to the sea, penetrating to the inmost zone, the zones were bridged over, and the connecting bridges were fortified by towers.

I think that a comparison of these resemblances, which include most unusual features, will leave no doubt in any unbiassed mind that the plan of Carthage was substantially the same as that of Atlantis.

We can only do so either by the assumption that Carthage was herself Atlantis, or that her plan was an architectural memory of that city.

I therefore incline to the view that when Plato described Atlantis as he did, he was naturally unaware that he was also practically describing the more modern Carthage that was yet to be, even though the general plan of that city had been laid down long before his time.

We are told that the stones employed for the building of the city of Atlantis were quarried from underneath the central island, and the inner and outer zones.

Termier of the Geological Survey of France, in describing the site of Atlantis, “ bearing with some fragments of whitish calcareous terranes, extinct volcanic mountains, and lava-flows, black and red, long since grown cold.” 4 The descriptions of the temples of Atlantis appear to me by no means fortuitous, or as efforts of the imagination.

— I might also point out that the passage which speaks of the existence of twenty golden statues of the kings of Atlantis and their wives has a striking parallel in Peruvian history.

Enough has been said for the present to establish the fact that Plato’s account of Atlantis was by no means an effort of the imagination.

Plato’s account of Atlantis is of the same class as that of Geoffrey of Monmouth regarding Arthur, or that of Homer regarding Troy—an admixture of partially authentic tradition and facts drawn from documentary evidence.

He could not have known of the resemblance of the goddess Neith to Pallas Athene unless through Egyptian sources, and this strengthens the assumption that documentary evidence regarding Atlantis existed in Ancient Egypt, as critics of standing admit.

Plato gives the story of Atlantis an Hellenic setting as a Greek of his period would naturally do, but he affords reasons for his employment of Hellenic names for Atlantean personages.

His description of Atlantis bears a strong resemblance to a recent “ restoration” of Carthage, the Atlantean connection of which has frequently been stressed.

The character of the stone of which Atlantis is said to have been built has been recognised by a geologist of eminence as such as would have existed in an oceanic area where volcanic disturbances were of frequent occurrence.

If the problem of Atlantis is at present obscure, it is as the science of Egyptology, or the archeology

As has already been remarked, no hypothesis of the former existence of Atlantis can be built up on the Platonic account alone.

No man with any real experience in dealing with traditional material can doubt that Plato’s account of Atlantis is founded on sources much more ancient, and that these again owed their origin to a persistent folk-memory of a mighty series of upheavals, the geological proof concerning which will be found in the following chapter.

The problem before us is, then, with what stage of the earth’s and man’s history does the existence of such an island-continent as that which has come to be known as Atlantis coincide?

If, then, we are to search for a lost Atlantis peopled by types recognisable as modern, or semi-civilised, the period in which we must do so is narrowed down to Post-glacial time—that is, to the last 25,000 years of European history.

Buffon dated the separation of the New and the Old Worlds from the catastrophe of Atlantis.

physiographical researches of geologists and others in the bed of the Atlantic Ocean, and will begin this survey of modern evidence for a sunken continent by a précis of the very important paper, entitled “ Atlantis,” read by M.

In speaking of the islands of the Atlantic, he observes that they “ are of the oceanic type, are irregularly scattered, and are mostly piles of volcanic rocks that have been raised above sea-level by volcanic eruptions, such as the island of Teneriffe ; but others are fragments of the ancient land known as Atlantis, and the St Paul’s Rocks are reefs of ancient continental rocks that once belonged to a land which has foundered beneath the sea.

B2 The Problem of Atlantis reach the Atlantic at the north-western corner of Spain.

that all continents have been “ many times submerged.” In his presidential address to the Geological Section of the American Association in 1876, he asserted that ‘“‘ the Hyrcanian Ocean had dried up, and Atlantis had gone down.” é OC

Scharff of Dublin, ‘‘ Some Remarks on the Atlantis Problem,” read before the Royal Irish Academy in November 1902, and published in the Proceedings of that body (vol.

Professor Scharff summarises the history of the geological culture-war which has raged round the subject of Atlantis, and as this information is of value to students of the question, I will include it in my précis of his excellent paper.

Pry hy HY PER BOREEN We , a ay Conjectural Map of Atlantis in Tertiary Times.

Professor Scharff, summarising the culture-war which raged round the question of Atlantis, showed that because the Atlantic islands are formed of volcanic rocks, that does not imply that they could not once have formed part of the continent of Europe.

‘These may be called respectively Atlantis and Antilia.

chain of islands persisted until late Pleistocene times, at which epoch (about 25,000 years ago, or the beginning of the Post-glacial epoch) Atlantis seems to have experienced further disintegration.

Final disaster seems to have over-taken Atlantis about 10,000 B.c.

a4 The Problem of Atlantis made up af silica and alundaiua, aad & consequent sae Qa The more cnnservative schon!

Scharff, of Dublin, whose paper, ‘‘ Some Remarks on the Atlantis Problem,” contains a wealth of reference to the biological evidence of a sunken continent in the Atlantic.

The last great fragment, finally engulfed, and no longer having left any other vestiges than the four archipelagoes, would be the Atlantis of Plato.” M.

It is extraordinary that men who will cheerfully admit the fact of the subsidence of inhabited land in other regions, whether in Japan, the West Indies, the English Channel, or elsewhere, who will even support the hypothesis of a Lemurian continent in the Pacific Ocean, the original home of humanity, according to many, look askance at the theory of lost Atlantis simply because it has a traditional background.

IF we imagine the continental mass of Atlantis slowly disintegrating during the Ice Age, we must admit that its gradual break-up would have given rise to repeated immigrations, or to invasions of Europe during a prolonged period of time.

Plato gives the date of the destruction of Atlantis at gooo years before Solon’s day, or about 9600 B.c., but it is probable that men were making their way from the partially wrecked continent into Europe many thousands of years before that date, although one of those migratory impulses chanced to synchronise with the precise period he mentions.

But I shall try to adduce evidence that the first of these migrations did not reach Europe by sea, but by dry land, and that Europe at the time of its entrance was still in places joined to the now sunken continent of Atlantis.

Even the painted wares of the Grand Canary appear to be of local origin and not due to external influence; although undoubted Lybian inscriptions in the Grand Canary and lava querns of Iron Age type prove that the archipelago was visited before its conquest by the Spaniards without affecting the general civilisation of its inhabitants.” All this proves, to my mind, that the Cré-Magnon race was indigenous to the Canary Islands, the remnants of Atlantis, and did not drift there from Europe.

way from Atlantis to Europe by way of an existing land-connection, before the invention of boats.

As I have observed, we can scarcely credit that part of Plato’s narrative which speaks of Atlantis as a port frequented by the world’s shipping—at the date 9600 B.c., and a fortiori, not at 25,000 B.c.

That a third wave from Atlantis invaded Europe by sea 10,000 years ago I will later endeavour to prove.

Like the people of Plato’s Atlantis, they seem to have had an especial reverence for the bull, the figure of which is so frequently depicted on the walls of their caverns.

I reply that I look in the direction to which the facts point— to the Atlantic region, where the Spaniards found the Cré- Magnon race still in possession of the remnant of Atlantis.

“ Breuil himself,” says Osborn, ‘“‘has positively stated that the whole Upper Paleolithic art development of Europe was the work of one race ; if so, this race can be none other than the Cré-Magnon.” I gather from this that at what is called the Magdalenian period a further immigration set into Europe from disintegrating Atlantis.

‘The fact that the date of the coming of the Azilian-Tardenoisians, as given by the best authorities, synchronises generally with the date Plato gives for the destruction of Atlantis may be purely coincidental.

But, in any case, proof of this is not strictly essential to our hypothesis, ° as in all probability they reached Africa, and later, Europe, from their ancient home in Atlantis, by a land-bridge, or by a closely knit insular chain.

We must regard the Atlantis of the period as resembling the Europe of the same epoch—that is, as still in the Stone Age.

These were their ancestors, who, leaving Atlantis nine thousand years before Plato, had impressed their domination on Western Europe, Italy, and North Africa to the frontiers of Egypt.” He concludes, too, that they entered Spain, Gaul, Britain, Corsica, and Sardinia.

This conclusively proves that the race was indigenous to Atlantis, of which the Canaries are among the last remnants ; that it made its way thence to Europe by a land-connection formerly existing, and did not drift to the islands from Europe by sea, as communication by sea was utterly unknown at the period of the first Cré-

A second wave of the Cré-Magnon civilisation, the Magdalenian, reached Europe from Atlantis about 16,000 years ago.

For these and other reasons, as I have said before, I am of the opinion that the great continent of Atlantis, in the course of its age-long disintegration, broke up into two considerable land-masses, the eastern portion of which retained the

The traditions respecting these appear to me as perfectly distinct, and, as I have mentioned, I believe the island continent of Antilia, the remains of which are the modern Antilles, or West Indies, to have survived the submergence of Atlantis by many thousands of years.

For an elaboration of this theory the reader is referred to the chapter on the Geography and Topography of Atlantis : but I will say here that I believe Antilia to have conserved the remains of Atlantean culture, and to have been connected with the more easterly mass by an insular chain until the final destruction of Atlantis.

I am not the first to identify the Antilles with Atlantis.

But I differ from them in that I see in the Antilles the remains of a distinct and surviving western portion of that continent, which remained above ocean long subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis itself.

That Atlantis in later times (say gooo B.C.) could have stretched from Europe to America and have been destroyed by the agency of one single cataclysm, and that its inhabitants could have colonised and civilised the American continent at that early period, is opposed to all we know of Mexican and Central American history.

The ‘‘ conjectural map of Atlantis”?

which appears in his Essais sur les Iles Fortunées (1803), and which forms the frontispiece to this volume, illustrates the theory of Bory de St Vincent, that the Azores, - Madeira, the Canaries, and the Cape Verde Islands were the remains of a great island-continent known to the ancients as the Hesperides, the country of Atlantis, the land of the Amazons, and the home of the Gorgons, containing each and all of these semi-fabulous regions.

go The Problem of Atlantis Antilia occupies the same latitude, and the others are not represented.

I have already said that I believe the lost continent to have broken up during the Pleistocene Age into two large landmasses—Atlantis, situated in close contiguity to Europe and Africa, and that which I shall call Antilia, which is represented by the Antilles group, just as Atlantis shows its last confirmatory peaks in the Canaries, Madeira, and the Cape Verde Islands.

But I have always been of the opinion, and I think the geological and traditional evidence justifies the view, that Antilia did not finally disappear until long after Atlantis had finally.

The roads he sets in the four corners of the earth remind one of the division of Atlantis into zones.

I0O The Problem of Atlantis god.

This scheme recalls the coloured masonry of Atlantis, with its white, red, and black stones.

The history of Tollan is strongly reminiscent of that of Atlantis.

ILO The Problem of Atlantis real personage, a culture-hero who came from a region situated ‘‘ in the East,’ that is the Western Atlantic—in a word, from that Antilia of which the Antilles are the sole remaining vestiges.

It would seem to me, then, that the ancient ritual practice of rejuvenation in the event of agricultural failure may have obtained in Atlantis-Antilia, and that the myth of Quetzalcoatl, the Antilian culture-hero of Mexico and Central America, arose in some such circumstances.

II2 The Problem of Atlantis can he receive the benefit of the true and official magic.

It will be seen that it bears a certain resemblance to the description of Atlantis.

The history of Tollan is strongly reminiscent of that of Atlantis as told by Plato.

Tlapallan, the homeland of Quetzalcoatl and the Toltecs, was probably Antilia, the sister sub-continent or western fragment of Atlantis, 12.

Space will not permit me to outline the entire contents of the work, and I must confine myself to those passages which seem to me to justify the thesis that it preserves for us a large measure of Atlantean-Antillean tradition—more especially Antillean—as America undoubtedly owed much more to the Western and more lately existing portion of old Atlantis than to the Eastern.

ARCHAOLOGY Ir is almost certainly from the strange culture of the Maya of Central America that we obtain a picture of what civilisation in ancient Antilia, the last sub-continental fragment of great Atlantis, was like.

But one circumstance points very clearly to the fact that the Maya had been used to build their larger structures on plains surrounded by mountains—such a site, in short, as Plato describes as that of Atlantis.

Again, it may be that the elevation was dictated by the tradition that similar buildings in an ancestral home had stood upon a sacred hill, such as is commonly alluded to in American legend, and which, we know, was the case in Atlantis.

De) cmb he Problenimor Atlantis of this character, and it is believed that they drew inspiration from Maya sources at an early period.

The symbols at the base and on either side undoubtedly stand for Atlantis, as has already been pointed out by Mr M.

Blackwell in his work on “‘ The Swastika and Atlantis,”’ published in The Word, and that the curving lines on which they appear represent engulfing waters is abundantly plain.

Here, I venture to say, is a very real summary of the destruction of Atlantis, a veritable symbol of the final catastrophe.

True, we can only infer that the old gods of Atlantis came to be regarded after the catastrophe as gods of destruction, but from the closing remarks of Plato’s account it is safe to draw the inference that the Atlanteans had so offended Zeus that he intended to destroy them.

“‘ But,” says the sceptic, “if the Maya had a colonial connection with Atlantis or Antilia, how comes it that they had so entirely lost the art of seamanship ?

That it has frequently been brought forward as a crushing reply to the hypothesis of a Maya connection with Atlantis, only proves a woeful lack of knowledge of Central American conditions on the part of those who advanced it.

In the present chapter I shall confine myself to those evidences which seem to me to link Egypt with Atlantis, and in that which follows shall point out the analogies between Egyptian and Central American civilisation in the hope of demonstrating their common origin.

‘That the race in question came from the disintegrating continent of Atlantis has already been proved or otherwise to the satisfaction of the reader according as he accepts or rejects the conclusions advanced in the chapters referred to, and here it is only necessary to bring evidence to bear that it continued its advance along the southern littoral of the Mediterranean, and entered Egypt, bringing with it a very considerable body of Atlantean culture.

But it is maintained, nevertheless, that in the main the civilising influences which radiated from Atlantis were instrumental in colouring Egyptian culture more deeply than those which emanated from elsewhere.

Direct contact, I feel convinced, between Egypt and America took place by way of Atlantis, the shorter and more feasible route, rather than by the deserts and boundless wastes of Asia, or via the Pacific, or more probably Atlantis was responsible for the civilisation of both.

Egyptian and American Comparisons 171 In my view, closely as the funerary customs of Egypt, Mexico, and Peru resemble each other, they do so not because one was copied from the other, but because all sprang from one common source—Atlantis.

But was mummification practised in Atlantis?

At the period when they arrived in Europe the custom of mummification in Atlantis was probably in a stage of early development, such as we see it in the cave-burials of Western Europe where as yet the actual process of preservation was only in an embryonic condition, though the placing of amulets on the corpse, much as in the later Egyptian mummy, had been in use probably for ages.

But the best proof exists that the whole process was slowly evolving in the remains of Atlantis itself, and was finally introduced in a more advanced form into America.

I believe that further confirmation of the ancient connection between America and Egypt by way of Atlantis is to be found by a comparison of the sacred mysteries of these countries.

We may recollect that in Plato’s account of Atlantis ten golden statues of the Atlantean gods or kings are spoken of as standing in front of the Temple of Poseidon.

176 The-Problem of Atlantis supposed to bring lightning from the sky.

Near Tezcuco is Xochicalco, the Hill of Flowers, a teocalli which one writer at least believes to be a facsimile of the temple hill of Atlantis.

I have described these remains of Peruvian grandeur at some length, because in my estimation they preserve the atmosphere of what I believe Atlantis to have resembled better perhaps than any other remains, American, European, or Asiatic.

Always we find in these myths the mountain or hill, and the holy place on which statues _ are raised, as in Plato’s story of Atlantis.

She consented to his suit, and he irrigated the whole land, as did Poseidon in Atlantis.

IN my remarks with reference to the plan of the city of Carthage in Chapter II and its resemblance to that of Atlantis as described by Plato, I have already alluded to the circumstance that the design of the Atlantean capital appears to have been copied far and wide.

We may recollect that Atlantis was encircled by several zones of land and water.

Now one of the most common plans of the early settlements in those Atlantic regions, which were probably in touch with Atlantis in early times, is that of the settlement located on an island within an island— or when, owing to the situation, that was impossible, a site enclosed by several zones of land and water.

Now the Firbolgs were the pre-Gaelic people of Ireland, the Iberians, that is the same race as the Azilian-Tardenoisians who seem to have come from Atlantis, ee,

Or perhaps in the upheaval of society which followed the break-up of Atlantis the engineering knowledge essential to the making of great canals or moats was lost, and only the recollection of the general plan remained in the consciousness of the race.

Lynam of the British Museum : “The Aran forts form the western end of that long chain of forts which has its other end in Thessaly and Mycene.” Quite so: or rather I should regard their eastern and northern examples as two arms of development radiating from lost Atlantis.

So it is with the architectural model of old Atlantis: we find its fragments and memories scattered

The plan of Mexico-Tenochtitlan, the Aztec prototype of Mexico City which illustrates the Letters of Cortes to the Emperor Charles V, bears a startling resemblance to Plato’s description of Atlantis.

The pyramid is, indeed, the sacred hill of Atlantis.

We may now pass on to the consideration of the latitude of the continent of Atlantis.

I believe the main continental mass of Atlantis to have occupied substantially the position claimed for the Eocene

Dolphin’s Ridge, then, I accept as the site of lost Atlantis.

On 14th February 1909 a communication appeared in The Times, pointing out that both in outline and detail the prehistoric civilisation of Crete corresponded to Atlantis as described by Plato.

B.c., or about the period of the Twentieth Dynasty in Egypt, so that it is unlikely that only 600 years later Egyptian priests should have assured a Greek traveller that the epoch of the disappearance of Atlantis (if Crete were Atlantis) went back nine thousand years.

Geography and Topography 207 the resemblances between Crete and Atlantis as set forth by the writer in The Times.

This conclusion is almost the converse of his argument that Crete was the “fabled” Atlantis, with the story of which it had become mythologically confused.

It is that Cretan civilisation was modelled upon that of Atlantis.

The palace of Knossos stands like the city of Atlantis upon a level plain, surrounded by mountains, but there are no “zones of land and water ” in this instance, although the vast and ingenious system of drainage unearthed at Knossos might possibly approximate to these.

The bull seems to have been sacred as in Atlantis, and the large arena at Knossos was almost certainly used for bull-fights.

There was no race-course as in Atlantis, the horse being unknown in ancient Crete until near the conclusion of its existence.

The theory that Crete was a colony of Atlantis is greatly assisted by the circumstance that the Cretans were largely of that Iberian race which undoubtedly emanated from Atlantis.

Moreover, tradition, stronger than a thousand generations, has given its unanimous verdict in the legends of a score of nations that the ancient land of Atlantis was, as its very name implies, situated without the Pillars of Hercules, and not within these mythical boundaries.

This alone _ disposes of the belief that Crete came in a later day to be regarded as the Atlantis of Plato.

In my opinion Atlantis was credited with such vast dimensions because of a confused folk-memory that the insular chain which connected it with Antilia stretched for thousands of miles across the Atlantic Ocean.

I would suggest that no city or civilised state of Atlantis existed at the period alluded to by Plato—g6o0o0 B.c.

ButI do believe that the comparatively rude colonists who reached Europe at that date, and which were represented by the Azilian-Tardenoisians, were reinforced from the ancient island-continent whence they came, so that when at last the city of Atlantis did arise, the news of its foundation was spread far and wide through uncivilised Europe.

There | were certainly cities in Egypt in pre-dynastic times about 6000 B.C., and if we allow a thousand years for the spread of the Atlantean civilisation to the Nile-land, no great stretching of the probabilities is required to date the founding of Atlantis at not later than 7000 B.c.

viously exist on the same site a large settlement of Azilian-Tardenoisian character by no means of .a backward or barbarian character, so that the city of Atlantis may well have had a background of antiquity extending into the past for another two thousand years or more.

The memory of such a city as Atlantis may grow dim in the human mind, but that our race could quite lose all recollection of the earliest civic community in its history is to ask too much from common intelligence.

And let it be remembered that the man who justified his dreams of Troy to the confusion of a thousand scoffers entertained as firm a belief in the existence of a submerged Atlantis.

Who can question that the saga of London’s passing would give rise to as great a future controversy as that which still rages around the memory of Atlantis, that earliest metropolis of the world ?

It has more than once been argued that the Biblical and pagan accounts of the Deluge retain a memory of the great cataclysm by which Atlantis perished.

That the divine or heavenly race had become degenerate through intermarriage with the earthly denizens of the world—that “the sons of God (supernatural beings) saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose,” precisely as did Poseidon and his sons, and that “there were giants (Titans) in the earth in those days ”—all circumstances absolutely paralleled in the Atlantis legend.

O12 The Proplem of Atlantis in the palace library of Assurbanipal at Nineveh.

The Flood 215 story must have been even more ancient than the date mentioned above, perhaps not much later than the epoch of the submergence of Atlantis.

That we have here a Roman echo of the Hellenic legend of Atlantis who can doubt ?

The legend of Dardanus, whom the Flood overtook in Samothrace, has a close resemblance in certain of its passages to that of Atlantis.

Does it not recall that of Atlantis in some of its circumstances ?

We are told that ““a strong dike protected it from the ocean,” “ an immense basin ”’ was formed “to receive the overflow of the water at high tide,” there were gates which opened and closed on the sea-way, as in Atlantis and Carthage, and the palace of Gradlon was of cedar, silver, and gold.

If the legend of Ys is not a variant of that of Atlantis I am greatly mistaken.

Ir may seem merely impertinent in the present fragmentary condition of our knowledge to make any attempt to reconstruct the conditions of life in Atlantis.

The second immigrant race, the Azilian-Tardenoisians, were shorter in stature, and darker in colouring, and I venture to deduce from their maritime habits that they were originally an insular people, possibly inhabiting some of the larger islands to the west of Atlantis, from which Celtic tradition would seem to make them come.

I allude, of course, to the Fomorians, who are spoken of in Irish legend as arriving in Erin from “ the West.” It seems clear from the state of culture of these races when they first arrived in the Biscay region that Atlantis, at the date of their departure, was as yet in the Stone Age.

We may, indeed, regard the Atlantis of the period ante-dating the final catastrophe as enjoying a civilisation closely akin to that of ancient Central America.

Doubtless the gods of Atlantis resembled those of the other two countries alluded to, and their system of religious polity or theology was probably the prototype of

We may regard the Osirian religion in Egypt and that described in the Quiche Popol Vuh of Guatemala as approximating to that of ancient Atlantis—that is a faith of which the idea of resurrection after death was the very core of belief, and which was in some manner connected with the growth of the crops as symbolic of bodily resurrection.

The government of Atlantis appears to have been monarchical, yet this monarchy was limited so far as its dependence upon the heavenly powers was concerned.

It must be clear, then, to anyone of disciplined imagination, if not to the pedant, that from some such centre as Atlantis the seeds of civilisation were spread broadcast over Europe and North Africa.

Fite Problem of Atlantis have been proved by the labours of archeologists to have been of a physical type superior to any at present existing, to have possessed that greater cranial capacity which is the undoubted mark of distinguished mental ability.

The general inadequacy and tentative nature of this essay will have made it plain to the discriminating reader that we are only on the threshold of the great quest for the bones of drowned Atlantis.

Atlantis sleeps beneath the seas.

“They were very real, and so was Atlantis, the continent where they lived, which lay just north of the Canaries here.”

“The swamping of the continent of Atlantis might very well correspond to the Flood.”

I had no home now in any of those wondrous cities of Yucatan, and I could not help feeling a bitterness, though in sooth I should have been thankful enough to return to the Continent of Atlantis with my head still in its proper station.

“My friend,” I made answer, “my brother in all but blood, there is no man living in all Atlantis or her territories to whom I had liefer hand over my government.

Through evil years and through good have I ruled here, striving only for the prosperity of the land and the strengthening of Atlantis, and I have grown to love the peoples like a father.

“The proclamation said: ‘We relieve our well-beloved Deucalion of his present service, because we have great need of his powers at home in our kingdom of Atlantis.’”

It is twenty years since I sailed to this colony, and from that day I have not returned to Atlantis once.

To us here, Atlantis is only a figment, a shadow, far away across the waters.

“If Deucalion has small time to spare from his government for brooding over his fatherland, Atlantis, at least, has found leisure to admire the deeds of her brilliant son.

“Of mere human names,” I said, “the name of this new Empress should come first in Atlantis, our lord the old King being now dead.”

What has this Phorenice done to make her throne unstable in Atlantis?”

“The Gods will it now that I return to Atlantis,” I said, “and what happens after that the Gods alone know.

“It comes to my mind,” I said dryly, “that I lived in Atlantis before I came out here, and at that time I used to see as much of court life as most men.

“Atlantis has changed so that you would hardly know the country to-day.

It was the largest army, and the best equipped army that Atlantis then had ever raised, and the Priestly Clan saw fit to put in supreme command their general, Tatho.”

I began to think that I had made somewhat a mistake in wrapping myself up so entirely in my government of Yucatan, and not contriving to keep more in touch with events that were passing at home in Atlantis.

From that time on, all papers and authority belonged to my successor, and, although by courtesy I might be permitted to remain as a guest in the pyramid that had so recently been mine, to see another sunrise, it was clearly enjoined that I must leave the territory then at the topmost of my speed and hasten to report in Atlantis.

If you take them, you will make a slow voyage of it to Atlantis.

We had heard of much of your uprightness over yonder in Atlantis, of your sternness and your justice, but I swear by the old Gods that no soul guessed you carried your fancy so far as this.

But depart for Atlantis unattended, that you shall not.”

It was a great certificate of the growing power of Atlantis and her finest over-sea colony.

During all time beasts have disputed with man the mastery of the earth, and it is only in Atlantis and Egypt and Yucatan that man has dared to hold his own, and fight them with a mind made strong by many previous victories.

Now, when we came up with the coasts of Atlantis, though Tob, with the aid of his modern instruments, had made his landfall with most marvellous skill and nearness, there still remained some ten days’ more journey in which we had to retrace our course, till we came to that arm of the sea up which lies the great city of Atlantis, the capital.

From the moment that I was deposed in Yucatan, despite Tatho’s assurances, there had been doubts in my mind as to what nature would be my reception in Atlantis.

But when our navy had retraced sufficiently the course that had been overrun, and came up with the two vast headlands which marked the entrance to the inland waters, there, a bare two days from the Atlantis capital, we met with another navy which was, beyond doubt, waiting to give us a reception.

“Old pot-mate,” he said, “your woman waits for you up by the quay-side in Atlantis yonder, with four youngsters at her heels.

“It is clear to see,” said Dason, “that you have been set to bring Deucalion back to Atlantis as a prop for Phorenice.

For see here, pot-mate Dason; in the first place, if I went to Atlantis without Deucalion, my other lord, Tatho, would come back one of these days, and in his hands I should die by the slowest of slow inches; in the second, I have seen my Lord Deucalion kill a great sea lizard, and he showed himself such a proper man that day that I would not give him up against his will, even to Tatho himself; and in the third place, you owe me for your share in our last wine-bout ashore, and I’ll see you with the nether Gods before I give you aught till you’ve settled that score.”

“Ho, pot-mate Dason,” cried he, “you made a lot of talk an hour ago about that woman of mine, who lives with her brats on the quay-side in Atlantis yonder.

“The Gods will decide what is best for you, Tob, even as they have decided that it is best that I should go on to Atlantis.”

The arm of the sea at the head of which the vast city of Atlantis stands, varies greatly in width.

Besides, if I may confess to such a thing without being unduly degraded, although by my priestly training I had been taught stoicism, and knew that all the future was in the hands of the Gods, I was frailly human still to have a very vast curiosity as to what would be the form of my own reception at Atlantis.

It was twenty years since I had seen Atlantis last, and my heart glowed with the thought of treading again upon her paving-stones.

I was almost awed to think that an Empress of Atlantis had come to such straits as to feel an interest like this in any mere returning subject.

The port-captain heard Tob’s rude banter and looked up with a face of horror, and I remembered, with a small sigh, that colonial freedom would have no place here in Atlantis.

They were perfectly in earnest in offering me the swords, and I recognised that this was a different Atlantis that I had come home to, where a man had dread of the torture for a mere difference concerning the cut of a coat.

Its tameness seemed a fitting symbol of the masterful strength of this new ruler of Atlantis.

She moved her head in little nods as I drew near, and when I did the requisite obeisance permitted to my rank, she bade me in a voice loud and clear enough for all at hand to hear, never to put forehead on the ground again on her behalf so long as she ruled in Atlantis.

And so I make this decree: Deucalion is above all other men in Atlantis, and if there is one who does not render him obedience, that man is enemy also of Phorenice, and shall feel her anger.”

“There should be better men in broad Atlantis.”

“Who are hammering at the gates of Atlantis?

“Circumstances have changed since you left Atlantis,” said Phorenice, “and when thanks are given now, they are not thrown at those old Gods.”

And remember, women stand high in Atlantis now.

It was seen good by those on the Sacred Mountain to let you have this last ambition, and sit on this throne that has as long and honourably been filled by the ancient kings of Atlantis.”

I would have you remember that I was as firm on the throne of Atlantis as this pyramid stands upon its base when your worn-out priests came up to give their tottering benediction.”

“But this must happen: You must undo the evil you have done; you must give bread to the people who are starving, even if you take it from these gluttons in this hall; you must restore Atlantis to the state in which it was entrusted to you: or else you must be removed.

The Gods have chosen me to be Their regent in Atlantis, and They do not depose me through such creatures as you.

Alas, if she could only have guessed at a tenth of the terrors which the future had in its womb, Atlantis might have been saved even then.

Here then was the manner of my reception back in the capital of Atlantis, and some first glimpse at her new policies.

I must find out which rule promised best of Atlantis, and do my poor best to prop it into full power.

I had come to learn for myself the new balance of things in the kingdom of Atlantis, and so I stood at my place behind the arrow-slit with a still face.

The individual might want a helping hand, but it was becoming more and more clear that Atlantis wanted a minister also; and before these great needs, the lesser ones perforce must perish.

I am but newly landed here, sir, and when I left Atlantis some score of years back, a very different man to you held guard over these gates.” He had his forehead on my feet by this time.

“I will set you free exactly on those terms,” I answered, “unless indeed we here decide that it is better for Atlantis that I should die, in which case the freedom will be of your own taking.”

“At least I have not paraded my tyrannies in Atlantis these twenty years.

“My lord must be indeed simple,” said this strange woman scornfully, “if he is ignorant of what all Atlantis knows.”

Over yonder in Yucatan we were too well wrapped up in our own parochial needs and policies to have leisure to ponder much over the slim news which drifted out to us from Atlantis—and, in truth, little enough came.

Oh, I tell you, we here in Atlantis have watched her courtship with jumping hearts.

I am here to know how it would be better for Atlantis that I should die?”

There was a time, not long passed, when I slept as soft and ate as dainty as any in Atlantis.”

Ylga is the creature of Phorenice, and Phorenice would have all the people of Atlantis slaves and in chains, so that she might crush them the easier.

And we number on our side, now, all in Atlantis save those in the city and a handful on the priests’ Mountain.”

Even to their dull, savage brains it was a sure thing that no slavery could be worse; and to that state you, and your friends, and your theories, will reduce Atlantis, if you get the upper hand.

Well, this seemed to be the new custom of Atlantis, and I should have to endure it as best I could.

The High Gods, it appeared, had no further use for my services in Atlantis, and I was not in the mood then to bite very much at their decision.

In my glee at that forthcoming fight—which promised to be the greatest and most furious I had known in all a long life of battling—I will confess that Atlantis and her differing policies were clean forgot.

“I felt that the only man was gone out of the world—I mean, my lord, the only man who can save Atlantis.”

I have no heart now, save only for Atlantis.

They are no self-seekers; their aim was always to further the interest of Atlantis, and so do honour to the kingdom on which the High Gods had set their special favour.

Under the Priestly Clan, Atlantis had reached the pinnacle of human prosperity and happiness.

That child the Gods in their infinite wisdom fashioned into a scourge for Atlantis, and you who have felt the weight of Phorenice’s hand, know with what completeness the High Gods can fashion their instruments.

If the word had been given on the Sacred Mountain to those who sat before the Ark of the Mysteries that Atlantis would prosper more with Deucalion sent to the Gods, I was ready to bow to the sentence with submissiveness.

“My brother,” he said, “which have you come to serve, Deucalion or Atlantis?”

According to the Law of the Priests, each ship from Yucatan will have carried home its sworn report to lay at the feet of their council, and before I went to that vice-royalty, what I did was written plain here on the face of Atlantis.”

You set up Atlantis for a mistress, and served her well; but then, you have had no Phorenice to tempt you into change and fickleness.”

There was work to be done, work for Atlantis which did not brook delay.

all that packet of drugs which were my sole spoil from the vice-royalty of Yucatan were lost in the sea-fight with Dason’s navy, and since landing in Atlantis there had been little enough time to think for the refinements of medicine.

But a few began to shout that Phorenice stood for all the Gods now in Atlantis, and that cry was taken up till the stones of the great circle rang with it.

But life was cheap in the city of Atlantis now, and no one heeded the fallen.

But these lords and these courtiers of this new Atlantis had no concern beyond their own bellies and their own backs, except for their one alien regard—their simpering affection for Phorenice.

I pray You send down the heavenly fire to burn this beast here offered, in token that though You still rule on high, You have given me Atlantis to be my kingdom, and the people of the Earth to be my worshippers.”

“Phorenice, Goddess of all Atlantis!”

Deucalion, the man who had left Atlantis twenty years before to rule Yucatan, they might know little enough about, but Deucalion, who rode not many days back beside the Empress in the golden castle beneath the canopy of snakes, was a person they remembered; and when they weighed up his possible ability for vengeance, the shouts died away from them limply.

But think, Phorenice, he is Deucalion; and if you slay him here for this one thing, there is no other man within all the marches of Atlantis who would so worthily serve—”

“May each new flight they take be for the good of Atlantis.”

Phorenice, you and I will throw ourselves brain and soul into the government, and we will make Atlantis rise as a nation that shall once more surpass all the world for peace and prosperity.”

“Oh, your conditions, and your Atlantis!

“We were a pair, then, when you landed, though I have heard sighs and protestations from every man that carries a beard in all Atlantis.

“If I do not change yours, my Deucalion, there will be more trouble brewed for this poor Atlantis that you set such store upon.

“I am an ignorant fellow,” said he, “and heaven was robbed of its brightest ornament when Phorenice came down to Atlantis.

I was sacrificing myself for Atlantis by order of the High Council of the Priests, and, if needful, Nais must be sacrificed also, although in the same flash a scheme came to me for saving her.

There was no man in all Atlantis who would hold so much as one more slave as a gift.

“I tell all others in Atlantis that only the Gods have this secret,” said she, “and that They gave it to me as one of themselves.

In good truth, this little woman with her supple mind and her supple body mystified me more and more the longer I stayed by her side; and more and more despairing did I grow that Atlantis could ever be restored by my agency to peace and the ancient Gods, even after I had carried out the commands of the High Council, and taken her to wife.

Yes, it was plain to see, now an example was given, that the throne of Atlantis had been won, not by a lovely face and a subtle tongue alone; and (as a fighter myself) I did not like Phorenice the less for the knowledge.

Condemn my weakness how you will, but I came very near then to liking the Empress of Atlantis in the way she wished.

As I rowed over the swingings of the waves towards the forts which guard the harbour’s mouth, I sent prayers to the High Gods to give my tongue dexterity, and They through Their love for the country of Atlantis, and the harassed people, whom it was my deep wish to serve, granted me that power of speech which Phorenice loved.

But here I had neither the knowledge nor the dexterity, and, thought I, now the High Gods will show finally if They wish this woman who has defiled them to reign on in Atlantis, and if also They wish me to serve as her husband.

“Before all, the Empress of Atlantis.”

There shall be only one clean chin where a beard can grow in all Atlantis, and that shall be carried by the man who is husband to the Empress.

“And how am I to act,” said I, falling in with her mood, “when I see and hear all the men of Atlantis making their protestations before you?

Nais must be sacrificed in part for the needs of Atlantis; but a plan had come to me by which it seemed that she need not be sacrificed wholly; and to carry this through there was need for quick thought and action.

“I know little of your conventions here in this new Atlantis.

All the temples of the city of Atlantis are in immediate and secret connection with the royal pyramid, but the passages are little used, seeing that they are known only to the Seven and to the Three above them, supposing that there are three men living at one time sufficiently learned in the highest of the highest mysteries to be installed in that sublime degree of the Three.

I marry the Empress because Zaemon, who is mouthpiece to the High Council of the Priests, has ordered it, for the good of Atlantis.

Even to give Nais a further span of life I cannot risk making inquiries for her cell, when there is a chance that those who tell me might carry news to the Empress, and so cause more trouble for this poor Atlantis.”

It is for Atlantis.”

“But it mayhap that a day will come when she whom you know of will be suffered by the High Gods to live on this land of Atlantis no longer.”

He might, if he chose, write them on the stones: Here was buried a maid who died gladly for the good of Atlantis, even though she knew that the man she so dearly loved was husband to her murderess.”

There is no denying that the wishes of Phorenice were carried into quick effect in the city of Atlantis.

With her, too, it was truly “Before all Atlantis.”

She seated herself on the cushions, and beckoned me to her side, entwining her fingers with mine as has always been the custom with rulers of Atlantis and their consorts.

She was remembering what was due to Atlantis, and I was thrilled with love and pride as I watched her.

Before all those ten thousand eyes, we two made no display of emotion then, not only for Atlantis’ sake, but also because both Nais and I had a nicety and a pride in our natures.

For the life of me, yes, even for the fate of Atlantis, I could not help dropping my glance upon her face.

I am the law here in Atlantis, and you soon will be part of me.

I take this man Deucalion, to be my husband, to share with me the prosperity of Atlantis, and join me in guarding our great possession.

I take this Empress, Phorenice, to wife, to help with her the prosperity of Atlantis, and join with her in guarding the welfare of that great possession.

The Gods know how honestly I had striven to play the part commanded me for Atlantis’ good, but there is a limit to human endurance, and mine was reached.

And now you may thank me, sir, for coming to warn you not to go back to Atlantis.”

It seems he can find little enough to earn at his craft in Atlantis these latter days, and has scruples at seeing his wife and young ones hungry.

But at last we topped a rise, and below us through the trees I could see the gleam of the great estuary on which the city of Atlantis stands.

“I will never forget what you have done for me this night; and should the High Gods see fit to bring me back to Atlantis and power, you shall taste my gratitude.”

and to think that half the men in Atlantis have courted me, and now I am arrived at this!”

I seem to grow the fonder of you, and if I thought there was a way of keeping you alive, and unmutilated, here in Atlantis, I do not think I should point out that Tob is tired of waiting, and will probably be off without you.” She flung her arms suddenly about my neck, and kissed me hotly on the mouth.

There’s no one in all Atlantis but me knows of those Tin Islands to-day, and we’ll go and fight honestly for our ground, and build a town and a kingdom on it.”

That it is not my wish to leave the continent of Atlantis.

You are no mariner yet, and understand little of geography, but I must tell you that the part of Atlantis there”—he jerked his thumb towards the line of trees, and the mountains which lay beyond the fringe of surf—“is called the Dangerous Lands, and a man must needs be a salamander and be learned in magic (so I am told) before he can live there.”

But if you want to carry some memory with you that shall endure, preserve the cult of the most High Gods as it was taught to you when you were children here in Atlantis.

They seem worn out, if one may judge from Their present lack of usefulness in Atlantis, and, anyway, there will be no room for Them on the Tin Islands.—Let go those warps there aft, and shove her head out.—We are under weigh now, my lord, and beyond recall, and so I am free to tell you what we have decided upon for our religious exercises.

It seemed I was to begin my exile with a new dreariness added to all the other adverse prospects of Atlantis.

Since the days when man was first created upon the earth by Gods who looked down and did their work from another place, there have always been areas of the land ill-adapted for his maintenance, but none more so than that part of Atlantis which lies over against the savage continents of Europe and Africa.

The command is, that you return immediately to the Sacred Mountain, so that if human means may still prevail, you, as the most skilful general Atlantis owns within her borders, may still save the country from final wreck and punishment.

And now she has laid siege to our Sacred Mountain itself, and swears that not one soul shall be left alive in all Atlantis who does not bend humbly to her will.”

Why, even I, that am the girl’s father, would sacrifice her blithely, if her death or ruin might do a tittle of good to Atlantis.”

But let me see Nais given over to the fury of that wanton woman, and I shall have no inwards left, except to take my vengeance, and to see Atlantis piled up in ruins as her funeral-stone.”

I had valued Atlantis most, and Nais, my private love, as only second.

Now, my passage across the great continent of Atlantis, if tedious and haunted by many dangers, need not be recounted in detail here.

The Gods send they do not get across the seas to Atlantis, or they would be worse plague to the poor country than Phorenice.”

But at last I found myself within a half-day’s journey the city of Atlantis itself, with the Sacred Mountain and its ring of fires looming high beside it, and the call for caution became trebly accentuated.

“All hail to Deucalion,” he cried, “King of Atlantis, duly called thereto by the High Council of the priests.”

She has killed the peoples of Atlantis in greedy useless wars, and destroyed the country’s trade; yet she was forgiven.

It was discovered by our arts that you still lived, and King of Atlantis you were made by solemn election.

Still, seeing the narrowness of the passages which led to each of the gates, up which in no place could more than two men advance together, we were by no means in desperate straits for the defence as yet; and if my new-given kingdom was so far small, consisting as it did in effect of the Sacred Mountain and no other part of Atlantis, at any rate there seemed little danger of its being further contracted.

The Gods had driven their plough through it, and it lay flat, and proud Atlantis stood as defenceless as the open country.

You should not have let me stand in the way of Atlantis’ good, Deucalion.

She set down the object which was to be gained, and it was her policy that the people of Atlantis were there to gain it for her.

I, Deucalion, have been appointed King of Atlantis by the High Council of the Priests who are the mouthpiece of the most High Gods, and if I do not have my reign, then there will be no Atlantis left to carry either King or Empress.

But, though I am King of Atlantis, still I am only one of the Seven, and so am the servant of the Three and must obey their order.

They died hard, that last remnant of the lesser Priests of Atlantis.

Far out on the distant coast it surged against the rocks in enormous rolls of surf; and up the great estuary, at the head of which the city of Atlantis stands, it gushed in successive waves of enormous height which never returned.

The city of Atlantis, the great continent that is beyond, and all that are in them are doomed to unutterable destruction.

But as long as may be done in safety, you may look out upon Atlantis in her death-throes.

The great city of Atlantis had vanished eternally.

Or did you remember that there was a pretty Empress left that would still be Empress so long as there was an Atlantis to govern?

When Atlantis sank to form new ocean bed, she left great whirlpools and spoutings from her drowned fires as a fleeting legacy to the Gods of the Sea.

The bosom of the deep was littered with the poor wreckage of Atlantis, to remind one, if there had been a need, that what had come about was fact, and not some horrid dream.

On all the walls of the Ark, and on all the partitions of the tanks and the other woodwork, there were carved in the rude art of bygone time representations of all the beasts which lived in Atlantis; and on these I looked with a hunter’s interest, as some of them were strange to me, and had died out with the men who had perpetuated them in these sculptures.

The High Gods that had chosen the two of us to be the only ones saved out of all Atlantis, had sole control of our fate, and into Their hands we cheerfully resigned our future direction.

I had seen some of these Powers set loose in Atlantis, and was a witness of her destruction.

If I did wrong, the High Gods in Their infinite justice will give me punishment; if it is well that these great secrets should endure on earth, They in their infinite power will dictate them afresh to some fitting scribes; but I destroyed them there as the Ark swayed with us over the waves; and later, when we came to land, I rewrote upon the sheets the matters which led to great Atlantis being dragged to her death-throes.

The findings are in The Lost Atlantis and Other Ethnographic Studies.

EAKLY IDEAS The legend of Atlantis, an island-continent lying in the Atlantic Ocean over against the Pillars of Hercules, which, after being long the seat of a powerful empire, was engulfed in the sea, has been made the basis of many extravagant speculations ; and anew awakens keenest interest with the revolving centuries.

The story of the Lost Atlantis is recorded in the Timceus and, with many fanciful amplifications, in the Critias of Plato.

According to this narrative, Solon visited the city of Sais, at the head of the Egyptian delta, and there learned from the priests of the ancient empire of Atlantis, and of its overthrow by a convulsion of nature.

"The world, like a child, has readily, and for the most part, unhesitatingly accepted the tale of the Island of Atlantis." To the critical editor, this reception furnishes only an illustration of popular credulity, showing how the chance word of a poet or philosopher may give rise to endless historical or religious speculation.

It is to be noted that even in the time of Socrates, and indeed of the elder Critias, this Atlantis was referred to as the vague and inconsistent tradition of a remote past; though not more inconsistent than much else which the cultured Greeks were accustomed to receive.

Hyde Clarke, in an "Examination of the Legend," printed in the Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, arrives at the conclusion that Atlantis was the name of the king rather than of the dominion.

According to the account in the Timceus, Atlantis was a continent lying over against the Pillars of Hercules, greater in extent than Libya and Asia combined ; the highway to other islands and to a great ocean, of which the Mediterranean Sea was a mere harbour.

In the youth of all nations, the poet and historian are one ; and, according to the tale of the elder Critias, the legend of Atlantis was derived from a poetic chronicle of Solon, whom he pronounced to have been one of the best of poets, as well as the wisest of men.

It is among the events of this older era that the overthrow of Atlantis is told : a story already "white with age" in the time of Socrates, 3400 years ago.

a distinct caste ; and when the vast power of Atlantis was marshalled against the Mediterranean nations, Athens bravely repelled the invader, and gave liberty to the nations whose safety had been imperilled ; but in the convulsion that followed, in which the island - continent was engulfed in the ocean, the warrior race of Athens also perished.

In his subsequent Quatre Letters sur le Mexique, the Abbe adopted, in the most literal form, the venerable legend of Atlantis, giving free rein to his imagination in some very fanciful speculations.

He calls into being, " from the vasty deep," a submerged continent, or, rather, extension of the present America, stretching eastward, and including, as he deems probable, the Canary Islands, and other insular survivals of the imaginary Atlantis.

So far from geology lending the slightest confirmation to the idea of an engulfed Atlantis, Professor Wyville Thomson has shown, in his Depths of the Sea, that while oscillations of the land have

To such fanciful speculators, the lost Atlantis will ever offer a tempting basis on which to found their unsubstantial creations.

Bancroft, when alluding to the subject in his Native Races of the Pacific States, refers to forty-two different works for notices and speculations concerning Atlantis.

Ignatius Donnelly's Atlantis, the Antediluvian World.

The idea, therefore, that the new world which Columbus revealed, was none other than the long-lost Atlantis, is one that has probably suggested itself independently tomany minds.

IO THE LOST ATLANTIS old adventurous spirit with the rise of the Venetian and Genoese republics was due to the infusion of fresh blood from the great northern home of the sea-kings of the Baltic.

THE LOST ATLANTIS ii it : this, at least, seems to claim recognition from us, that in that remote era the eastern Mediterranean was a centre of maritime enterprise, such as had no equal among the nations of antiquity.

To such a people, the memories of Punic exploration or Phoenician enterprise, or the vague legends of an Atlantis beyond the engirdling ocean, were equally unavailing.

When we turn from the myths and traditions of the Old World to those of the New, we find there traces that seem not unfairly interpretable into the American counterpart of the legend of Atlantis.

Those who attach significance to the references in the Timceus to political relations common to Atlantis and parts of Libya and Europe ; or who, on other grounds, look with favour on the idea of early intercourse between the Mediterranean and the western continent, have naturally turned to the Eskuara of the Basques.

i6 THE LOST ATLANTIS recognised as the surviving representative of languages spoken by the Allophyliae of Europe before the intrusion of Aryans.

If the vague legend of the lost Atlantis embodies any trace of remotest historical tradition, it belongs to a modern era compared with the men either of the European drift, or of the post-glacial deposits of the Delaware and the auriferous gravels of California.

through the islands of the Pacific, than to such a route from the Mediterranean as is implied in any significance attached to the legend of Atlantis.

But, whatever intercourse may possibly have then been carried on between the Old and the New World, it must be obvious, on mature reflection, that so recent a date for the peopling of South America from Asia is as little reconcilable with the very remote traces of linguistic affinity thus far adduced, as it is with any fancied relationship with a lost Atlantis of the elder world.

But they are not more substantial than the old legend of Atlantis.

The legend of the lost Atlantis is true in this, if in nothing else, that it relegates the knowledge of the world beyond the Atlantic, by the maritime races of the Mediterranean, to a time already of hoar antiquity in the age of Socrates, or even of Solon.

3o THE LOST ATLANTIS When the sites of Greenland settlements of the Northmen of the tenth century were discovered in our own day, the runic inscriptions left no room for doubt as to their former presence there.

More ancient even than the epoch assigned to Solon, Thales, and the seven wise men of Greece : it must be placed in the half-legendary period at which the laws of Dracon are said to have been enacted ; "— the period, in fact, from which the legend of Atlantis was professedly derived.

If then, traces of the lost Atlantis are ever to be recovered in the New World, it must be by some indubitable memorial of a like kind.

It cannot be that Egyptian, Assyrian, Hittite, Phoenician, and other most ancient races, are still perpetuated by so many traces of their wanderings in the Old World ; that the North-men's graphic runes have placed beyond all question their pre-Columbian explorations ; and yet that not a single trace of Mediterranean wanderers to the lost Atlantis survives.

The lost Atlantis, then, lies still in the future.

Yet it would furnish a substantial basis for the legend of Atlantis, akin to that which the runic monuments of Kingiktorsoak and Igalikko supplied in confirmation of the fabled charms of a Hesperian region lying within the Arctic circle ; and of the first actual glimpses of the American mainland by Norse voyagers of the tenth century, as told in more than one of their old Sagas.

But until such evidence is forthcoming, the legendary Atlantis must remain a myth, and pre-Columbian America be still credited with a self-achieved progress.

THE VINLAKD OF THE NOKTHMEN The idea that the western hemisphere was known to the Old World, prior to the ever-memorable voyage of Columbus four centuries ago, has reproduced itself in varying phases, not only in the venerable Greek legend of the lost Atlantis; and the still vaguer myth of the Garden of the Hesperides on the far ocean horizon, the region of the setting sun ; but in mediaeval fancies and mythical epics.

The publication of that work gave a fresh interest to the vaguest intimations of a dubious past ; while it superseded them by tangible disclosures, which, though modern in comparison with such mythic antiquities as the Atlantis of Plato's Dialogues, nevertheless added some five centuries to the history of the New World.

But in reality all memory of the land which lay beyond the waters of the Atlantic had faded as utterly from the minds of Europe's mariners, in that fourteenth century, as in the older days when Plato restored a lost Atlantis to give local habitation to his ideal Eepublic.

In one of them the vast Island of Atlantis — a continent larger than Libya and Asia conjoined,—had been engulfed in the ocean which bears its name.

The principles on which the wealth of nations and the whole social fabric of human society depend, were thus already in operation ages before the merchants of Tyre, or the traders of Massala, had learned to turn to account the mineral resources of the Cassiterides ; or that vaguer and still more remote era before the ancient Atlantis had vanished from the ken of the civilised dwellers around the Mediterranean Sea.

THE AESTHETIC FACULTY IN ABORIGINAL EACES The ingenious arts of the palaeolithic cave-dwellers of the Yezere abundantly prove that it needed no wanderers from the cradle-lands of Old World civilisation to that strange Atlantis lying in the engirdling ocean beyond the Pillars of Hercules, to engraft their artistic capacities on the " Achoriens " by whom it was peopled.

Professor Whitney, after dwelling on the " exaggeratedly agglutinative type " of the ancient Iberian language, and its isolation among the essentially dissimilar languages of Aryan Europe, thus proceeds : " The Basque forms a suitable stepping-stone from which to enter the peculiar linguistic domain of the New World, since there is no other dialect of the Old World which so much resembles in structure the American languages " 2 ; not indeed, as he adds, that they are all of accordant form ; for he pronounces the grouping of them in a single great family as " a classification of ignorance." The possibilities of ancient communication between the opposite shores of the Atlantic, and the migration of colonists of the New World from the Mediterranean Sea, have already been discussed in dealing with the legend of the Lost Atlantis.

Whether they came from the Mediterranean, in that old mythic dawn the memory of which survived in the legend of a submerged Atlantis ; or the history of their primeval migration still lingers among fading traces of philological affinity with the Basques ; or if, with the still more remote glimpses which afhnite Arctic ethnology has been assumed to supply, we seek to follow the palaeolithic race of Central Europe's Eeindeer period in the long pilgrimage to Behring Straits, and so to the later home of the American 1 Anthropology, "by Dr.

Lucien, papers by, 19 Africa, circumnavigation of, in 611 B.C., African hybrid, the, 311 Agassiz, Professor, 20, 150, 216, 375, 376, 385, 390, 396, 399 Akkad, language of the Sumerian class, Alaska, peopled by Eskimo, 66, 234 Aleutian Island, 66, 117 Algonkins, 18, 66, 106, 173, 206, 207, 216, 229, 234, 237, 241, 243, 244, 248, 252, 254, 265, 268, 270, 274, 275, 276, 280, 281, 282, 300, 304, Alleghans, 106, 172, 174, 175 Alligewi, 103, 172, 215, 251, 253, 267, 269, 273, 287 Alphabet, Indian, 237 Alton, find of flint implements, 97 Andaman Islander, 348, 387 Andastes, 253 Andastogues, 253 Anderdon, Indian reserve, 280, 284, 295, 306 Anne, Queen, gift to the Mohawks, 314 Antiquitates Americana?, 51, 57,58, 61 Apaches, 175, 229 Arapahoes, 235 Arifrode's Icelandic Saga, 51 Arnold, Dr., 137 Arrowhead-makers, 224 Artist, the Indian, 193 Ashbrandsson, Biorn, 37 Assiniboins, 120, 121 Athabaska river, 121, 126 Athabascan, lauguage of, 18 Atkinson, Henry George, 353 Atlantis, legend of, 1 ; supposed geographical position, 2 Attiwendaronks, 177, 220, 254, 256, 277, 278, 282, 294 Aughey, Professor, 148 Avalldamon, Skraeling chief, 69 Aymaras, 387, 389 Aztecs, 20, 103, 238, 268, 287, 387 Babeens, 90, 121, 207, 312 Bacon, quoted, 34 Bancroft's Native Races of the Pacific States, quoted, 6, 70 Barlow, Dr.

E., 348, 349 Donnelly's Atlantis, 6 Dooyentate, Peter, 252, 274, 276, 295 D'Orbigny, 143, 398 Dordogne cave, 239 ; valley, 64 Dorion, L.

The findings are in The History of Atlantis.

IJI -THE HISTORY OF ATLANTIS BY LEWIS SPENCE AUTHOR OF '' THE PROBLEM OF ATLANTIS " "ATLANTIS IN AMERICA," "THB GODS OF MEXICO," ETC.

In the present volume I have arrived at many conclu­ sions, and have brought forward much evidence which did not appear in my former works on the subject of Atlantis.

For example, I have ,shown that the story of Atlantis, as painted upon the peplum of Pallas at the '

Again, I have, I think, thrown much new light on the character of the Atlantean invasion of Europe, on the exact site of Atlantis, and especially on the great amount of evidence for the former existence of the island-continent which survives in British and Irish folklore and tradition.

British tradition, indeed, is the touchstone of Atlantean history, and the identification of Lyonesse with Atlantis, and the grouping of Atlas with the British gods, Albion and Iberius, should go far to prove the ancient association of our islands with the sunken continent.

It is in this theory, I feel, that the strongest case for the pre­ existence of Atlantis resides, and I confidently present it to my readers in the certainty that they will favourably consider a hypothesis which I devoutly believe approaches within measurable distance of the truth.

The Writings of Plato PLATo's "TIMJEUS" AND ITS CoNTENTs-His "CRITIAS" -HIS ACCOUNT OF ATLANTIS, ITS TOPOGRAPHY, ITS CAPITAL CITY, PoPULATION, CANALS AND TEMPLES -ITS GOVERNMENT, EcONOMY AND RELIGION • 7 CHAPTER III THE SOURCES OF ATLANTEAN HISTORY II.

· DIODORUS SICULUS ON AMAZONS AND ATLANTEANS­ THEOPOMPUS'S AcCOUNT-THE KINGS OF ATLANTIS -STRABO'S ISLE OF MEROPIS-THE CONTINENT OF SATURNIA-MARCELLUS ON ATLANTIS-ARNOBIUS' REFERENCE-SUMMARY OF REMAINING CLASSICAL DATA-PLATONIC AND ALEXANDRIAN NOTIONS OF ATLANTIS-MODERN THEORIES FROM THE SIXTEENTH

X Contents CENTURY ONWARD-THEORIES OF OLIVIER, RUDBECK, BAILLY, COMTB DB CORLI, VOLTAIRE, DELISLE DE SALES AND BARTOLI-THEORY THAT ATLANTIS WAS AMERICA-ATLASES OF ATLANTEAN GEOGRAPHY­ THE THEORIES OF KIRCHER, GINGUENE, BuFFON PAGE AND DB LA BORDE • • • 24

EXAMINED MODERN THEORIES ON THE SUBJECT OF THE SOURCES­ PLATO'S STATEMENTS REGARDING THE AUTHENTI­ CITY OF His AccouNT-PLATO IN EGYPT-SOLON's EGYPTIAN VISIT-CONNECTION OF SAIS WITH ATHENS-ARCHlEOLOGICAL FACTS SQUARE WITH PLATO's AccouNT-CLUE To THE HISTORICAL CHARACTER oF PLATo's AccouNT-THE PEPLUM oF PALLAs-JusTIFICATION OF PLATo's STATEMENTS­ ATLANTEAN AssOCIATIONS IN THE ODYSSEY­ TESTIMONY oF CLASSICAL AuTHORS REGARDING IMPASSIBILITY OF ATLANTIC OcEAN-MOORISH EVIDENCE-DETAILS OF THE H CRITIAS "-ELEPHANTS AND COCONUTS IN ATLANTIS-WORSHIP OF THE 'v BULL-THE " CRITIAS" NOT AN ALLEGORY OF THE PERSIAN WAR-THE ACCOUNT OF DIODORUS­ AMAZONS AND AziLIANS-CLASSICAL "GEOLOGICAL" OPINION REGARDING ATLANTIS-PHILIP SMITH ON ATLANTEAN THEORY-PLATO'S CHRONOLOGY-M.

HULL ON BEGINNINGS OF LIFE IN ATLANTIS-" COMPARATIVELY REcENT" LAND-MASS IN THB ATLANTIC-MR.

Contents SIDERABLE ISLAND ABOVE WATER" - EVIDENCE FROM BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LIFE ON THE AZORES­ EUROPEAN CHARACTER OF THEIR REPTILIA-SLUGS AND MOTHS OF THE ATLANTIC I SLANDS-AUTHOR'S FORMER CONCLUSIONS TABULATED-THE SARGASSO • PAGE SEA-THE SITE OF ATLANTIS 52 CHAPTER VI THE RACES OF ATLANTIS WAS ATLANTIS INHABITED ?-THE GSNITCH STADIUM OF PENCK AND BRUCKNER-THE AzrLIAN RAcE­ DISCOVERY OF ITS REMAINS IN FRANCE-ITS CuLTURE-ITs "ALPHABET"-SPREAD OF THE AziLIAN RAcE-PYGMY FLINTS-THE CAPSIAN CuLTURE-WHENCE CAME THE AzrLIANs?-PERIOD oF THEIR ARRIVAL AGREES WITH PLATo's DATE FOR ATLANTEAN INVA SION-THE CR~-MAG NON RAcE-" P ALJEOLITHIC GREEKS "-THEIR ExTRA­ ORDINARY ART-A HIGH TYPE OF HUMANITY-'-""' BELIEF IN A FUTURE LIFE-PAINTING AND SCULP- "" TURES SUPERIOR TO THE EGYPTIAN-SUCCESSIVE INVASIO NS OF EUROPE FROM THE ATLANTIC­ PROFESSOR MACALISTER ON EXTRA-EUROPEAN ORIGIN oF THE CR~-MAGNON RAcE-RELATIONSHIP WITH THE GUANCHES OF THE CANARY ISLANDS., THE VESTIGES OF ATLANTIS-RIPLEY'S THEORY OF THE CR~-MAGNON LANGUAGE-ORIGIN OF CRO-MAGNON MAN-OF AziLIAN MAN 75 CHAPTER VII THE STONE AGE IN ATLANTIS CAN BEST BE RECONSTRUCTED FROM THE LIFE OF ITS COLONISTS IN EUROPE-AREA AND POPULATION OF ATLANTIS-EARLY HUMAN SOCIETY IN ATLANTIS -TEMPLES THE CENTRES OF LIFE-COSTUMES AND ORNAMENTS OF EARLY ATLANTEANS-TOOLS AND WEAPONS-THE SOLUTREAN CULTURE-STONE HOUSES BUILT-RETURN OF GLACIAL CONDITIONS V -MAGICAL IMPLEMENTS-ATLANTIS THE HOME ""V OF MIGHTY ARTISTIC IMPULSES-KNOWLEDGE /

- PARTLY CORROBORATED BY A:aCHJEOLOGY- CULTURAL CHANGES IN ATLANTI S-ATLANTIS ITSELF INVADED BY AN AFRICAN RAcE-RESULT, A GROSSER RELIGIOUS OUTLOOK-WHEN DID ATLANTIS SINK?-CENTURIES OF CULTURE BEHIND PACK AURIGNACIAN ART-CONCLUSIONS • • 87

THE SoNs OF PosEIDON-ATLAS-URANus AND His CHILDREN-DIODORUS APPLIES WAR OF GODS AND TITA NS TO MYTH OF ATLANTIS-CULTURAL AND POLITICAL CHANGES IN ATLANTIS-NO IcE AGE IN ATLANTIS-AZILIANS THE RACE OF PosEIDON-Po s EIDON THE CuLTURE-BRINGER - His ORIGINAL HoME-SKETCH OF HISTORICAL EVENTS IN ATLANTIS- THE SEVERAL CATACLYSMS­ PoSEIDON, AND TALES SIMILAR TO His MYTHS­ DIODORus ON THE KINGS OF ATLANTIS-BASILEA "THE GREAT MoTHER"-ATLAS THE AsTROLOGER -CITY OF ATLANTIS PROBABLY FOUNDED IN HIS REIGN - QUESTION OP ATLANTEAN ARCHITECTURE­ AziLIAN STRUCTURES IN SPAIN-ANGLO-SPANISH SCHOOL OF ARCHJEOLOGY-ATLANTEAN ARCHITEC­ TURE IN ANDALUSIA-SATURN AND jUPITER DISPUTE THE THRONE OF ATLANTIS-THE ELEMENTS OF UNRE ST BEGIN TO MANIFEST THEMSELVES IN jUPITER'S REIGN-POSEIDON, ATLAS, SATURN AND jUPITER POSSIBLY THE FOUNDERS OF DYNASTIES- "'-./NoT GoDs, BuT MEN DEIFIED AFTER DEATH­ ZEus DISPLEASED WITH THE ATLANTEANS-END OF PLATo's AccouNT-DissENSIONS AT HoME DIVERTED BY CONQUEST ABROAD-INVASION OF EUROPE.

••• Contents Xlll CATACLYSM FROM THESE SOURCES-THE "WHIRLING CASTLE'' - THE ATLANTEAN CIRCULAR PLAN - ATLANTIS AND AVALLON-PLATO'S ACCOUNT AND THE WELSH SAN GREAL-SUBMERGED LOCALITIES OF BRITISH CELTS-ATLAS, ALBION AND IBERIUS -THE MYTH OF GERYON-BRITISH PARALLELS WITH ATLANTIS-PLUTARCH ON THE LESSER ISLANDS OF BRITAIN-ATLANTEAN MEMORIES IN PAGE IRISH TRADITION • • • • • I 22 CHAPTER X ' THE TRADITIONS OF ATLANTIS ATLANTEAN TRADITION IN EuROPE-THE ISLE OF v SEVEN CITIES-THE LEGEND OF Y s-DARDANUS - DEUCALION, THE GREEK NOAH- ATLANTBAN PARALLELS IN AMERICAN MYTH-THE CATACLYSMS OF AzTEc TRADITION-PERUVIAN AND BRAZILIAN FLOOD-MYTHS-BRINTON ON AMERICAN TRADI­ TION OF DELUGE-A MIXTEC LEGEND-MEXICAN v MYTHS-TLALOC COMPARED WITH POSEIDON­ DIVINE VISITATIONS ON THE TOLTECS-QUBTZAL­ COATL THE CULTURE-BRINGER-HIS CONNECTION WITH ATLANTIS-COMPARED WITH ATLAS • 145 CHAPTER XI LIFE IN ATLANTIS v RECONSTRUCTION OF CONDITIONS ON ATLANTIS-CANALS -DESERT REGIONS- ARCHITECTURE- THE PLAN OF THE CITY OF ATLANTIS-THE PYRAMID AN ATLANTEAN FORM-FOOD-SUPPLY-COSTUME AND DRESs-LITERATURE AND WRITING-THE AZILIAN ALPHABET- OBviousLY PicTuRE-WRITING- No REASON TO DENY ATLANTEANS THE ART OF PICTURE­ WRITING-MANNERS AND MORALITY OF ATLAN­ TEANS-REMINISCENCES OF THEIR PROFLIGACY IN EARLY MYTH • • x6o OHAPTER XII THE ATLANTEAN STATE AND POLITY THE ATLANTEAN LAWS UNCHANGEABLE-ATLANTEAN GOVERNMENT CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH RELIGION,

• XIV Content s BUT ALSO ON A FEUDAL BASIS-ATLANTIS IN A STATE OF ARMED VIGILANCE-ATLANTEAN GOVERN ­ MENT UNLIKE ANY OF THE "CLASSICAL" GOVERN­ MENTS OF ANTIQUITY-IT REsEMBLES, HOWEVER, l'AG& CELTIC RuLE IN GAUL AND BRITAIN.

175 C HAPTER XIII THE RELIGION OF ATLANTIS SIX- YEARLY RITES ATTENDING DELIBERATIONS OF THE -..1 KINGS-IMMOLATION OF THE SACRED BULLS-A MEXICAN ANALOGY-THE BULL-CULT OF THE AURIGNACIANS-BULL- WORSHIP IN EGYPT AND THE 0SIRIAN CULT-SPREAD OF THE WORSHIP OF 0SIRIS-APIS THROUGHOUT EUROPE TO BRITAIN­ AN ATLANTEAN GENESIS FOR THE BULL-CULT­ PLATO'S AccOUNT PERHAPS SOPHISTICATED BY HELLENIC PRACTICE-THE BULL THE BEAST OF PosEIDON-A PROVISIONAL ATLANTEAN pANTHEON -PosEIDON's ORIGIN-THE DEFINITE AssociATION OF ATLAS WITH HIS BROTHER TITANS, THE TUTE­ LARY DEITIES OF BRITAIN AND IRELAND-INVASION OF OLYMPUS BY TITANIC GODS FROM THE WEsT, AN ALLEGORY OF THE INVASION OF THE MEDITER­ RANEAN AREA BY THE GoDS OF AN ALIEN RELIGION -PERSISTENCE OF THE NAME OF ATLAS AND HIS IsLAND-NOTICES OF THE TITANIC PANTHEON THE MEMORIALS OF AN ANciENT AND POWERFUL RE­ LIGION-SANCTITY OF THE WESTERN OcEANIC AREA TO THE MEDITERRANEAN PEOPLES-LOCALITY OF THE FoRTUNATE IsLANDS AND THE GARDENS OF THE HESPERIDES-THE IDEA OF THE CONTINUED EXIST- ~ ENCE OF SoULS AFTER DEATH IN THE WEST ARISING OUT OF THE MEMORY OF ATLANTIS-THE LOCATION ....J IN THE WEST OF THE ISLAND OF THE DEAD BY THE PEOPLES OF WESTERN AND MEDITERRANEAN EUROPE A PROOF THAT THEY REGARDED IT AS THE ANCIENT HOME OF THEIR RELIGION AND CULTURE-MAN'S PARADISE ALWAYS REGARDED AS THAT SPOT WHENCE HE ORIGINALLY CAME-A WELL-FOUNDED MEMORY OF THE FoRMER EXISTENCE OF A GREAT RELIGION IN THE ATLANTIC REGION-THE ATLANTBAN PAN­ THEON ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONSTELLATIONS­ THE IDEA OF A COSMIC SYMPHONY IN THE WRITINGS

Contents XV PAGE OF PLATO-THE ASSOCIATION OF THE ATLANTEAN ~ RELIGION WITH AsTROLOGY-AsTROLOGY OF THE '­ AZTECS-PROBABLE EMANATION FROM ATLANTIS- - THE AzTEC ToNALMATL-EQUATION OF THE AzTEC CALENDAR-GODS WITH MEMBERS OF THE ATLANTEAN p ANTHEON-QUETZALCOATL THE INVENTOR OF THE - MEXICAN ASTROLOGICAL SYSTEM-HIS WESTERN ORIGIN-THE OLDER EPONYMOUS GODS OF EUROPE -EUROPEAN GIANT-LORE-CONNECTION OF THE TITANS WITH EARTHQUAKE-THE AZILIAN GIANT­ WoRSHIPPERS-BATTLE OF THE Gons AND TITANS -APPETITE OF THE TITANIC GODS GIVES RISE TO THE PoPULAR CONCEPTION OF THE 0GRE-IMMOLA · TION OF HUMAN BEINGS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ATLANTEAN TRADITION-DRUIDISM POSSIBLY TH' LAST PHASE OF AN IMPORTED ATLANTEAN RELIGION -A TLANTEAN TRACES IN DRUIDIC RELIGION- THEOSOPHISTS AND BRITISH LORE • I 8o CHAPTER XIV ANIMAL LIFE IN ATLANTIS ANALOGIES FROM THE ATLANTIC ISLANDS-THE CLIMATE OF ATLANTIS-ISLAND-NAMES IN THE AZORES GROUP -MIGRATIONS OF THE RABBIT-ATLANTIS AS THE v­ CRADLE OF ALL ANIMAL LIFE-MIGRATIONS OF THE EEL, THE LEMMING AND OF CERTAIN BuTTERFLIES TO AND FROM THE ATLANTEAN AREA-THEMES· ATLANTIC AREA AND ITS BIOLOGY-THE ELEPHANT IN ATLANTIS-M.

TERMIER ON ATLAN1EAN BIOLOGY • 20 0 CHAPTER XV THE COLONIES OF ATLANTIS ATLANTIS IN AFRICA-IBERIANS AS ATLANTEANS­ POSSIBILITY THAT ATLANTIS SURVIVED AFTER 96oo B.c.-THE CABrru-DrD THE CABIRIAN CuLT EMANATE FROM AN ATLANTIS STILL EXISTING AT ABOUT 3000 B.C.?

- CRETE AS A COLONY OF ATLANTIS -MINOAN CIVILIZATION PROBABLY MODELLED ON THAT OF ATLANTIS-BULLS AND CAVE-TEMPLES-

• XVI Contents AURIGNACIAN AND MINOAN CAVE-TEMPLES­ EGYPT AS A COLONY OF ATLANTIS-IBERIANS IN EGYPT-THE CULT OF OSIRIS AND ITS ORIGIN- ~ THE BooK oF THB DEAD PROBABLY oF LATE AURIGNACIAN OR ATLANTEAN ORIGIN-EGYPTIAN FAG& EMBALMING DERIVED FROM AURIGNACIAN PRACTICE 2 0 7

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ATLANTEAN ARMOUR (MEXICAN TYPE) Frontispiece OPPOSITB PAGlt A TI..ANTIS IN TERTIARY TIMES • • 52 MAP SHOWING PROBABLE RELATIVE POSITION OF ATLANTIS (A} AND ANTILLIA (B) 62 MAP OF THE SARGASSO SEA • CONJECT URAL SITE OF ATLANTIS OFF THE COAST OF AFRICA 68 MAP SHOWING POSITION OF ATLANTIS ACCORDING TO ScoTT ELLIOT • • 72 BORY DE ST.

VINCENT'S MAP OF ATLANTIS HEAD oF A HoRSE FROM LEs EsPELUNGUEs.

NACIAN) • • (AURIG - • FIGURE OF ATLAS, SUPPORTING THE WORLD ON HIS SHOULDERS AURIGNACIAN WRITING AND SYMBOLS ENGLISH MAP OF AMERICA, SHOWING ATLANTIS, DRAWN IN THE YEAR 1500 • CANOPIC }AR FROM A ToMB AT ZAACHILLA, MEXICO AMERICAN (MAYA) FORM OF PYRAMID • • PERUVIAN MUMMY • • ' EGYPTIAN CANOPIC jARS • • • THREE-POINTED STONES FROM THE ANTILLES • B 8o

A HISTORY OF ATLANTIS must differ from all other his­ tories, for the fundamental reason that it seeks to record the chronicles of a country the soil of which is no longer available for examination to the archreologist.

Are we in possession of any facts relating to Atlantis?

For that it is founded on material, historical or tradi­ tional evidence, of still more ancient provenance is mani­ fest from the possibility of equating the statements made in it concerning the geography, customs and religion of Atlantis with those of neighbouring regions.

It is possible to take Plato's account of Atlantis, piece by piece, and compare the statements made therein with similar historical and archreological data, to the complete vindica­ tion of his narrative.

Introductory 5 The bare idea of an Atlantis as described by Plato has been met with derision by generations of archreologists, simply because no direct documentary evidence relating to its existence survived.

Do we find in the countries which must have been contiguous to Atlantis the vestiges of such civilisa­ tion as Plato only too briefly outlines?

It is, the writer is convinced, by such a treatment of the Atlantis tradition that its verity will ultimately be justified.

We have now to consider the uarrative of Plato concerning Atlantis, and then to compare it with other and later classical allusions to the mysterious island-continent in the Atlantic.

CHAPTER !iii THE SouRcEs oF ATLANTEAN HISTORY I-THE WRITINGS OF PLATO THE Tt'maus and Critias of Plato constitute not only the fullest, but by far the most important body of historical evidence regarding Atlantis which we possess .

As the available translations of those passages in Plato's works which have reference to Atlantis seem to leave a good deal to be desired, I have carefully compiled a new version of them, basing my account of the Timaus on the translations of Jowett (The Dialogues of Plato), and of R.

Negris (La ques­ tion de l' Atlantis de Platon, Co~gres internat.

This account must not be regarded as a translation, but rather as a com­ pilation of translations of the Platonic account of Atlantis.

I o The History of Atlantis when he wished to lead them on to talk of ancient times, he told them of the oldest legends of Greece, of Phoroneus, who was called the first man, and of Niobe, of the tale of Deucalion and Pyrrha, how they survived after the deluge, and he reckoned up their descendants, and tried, by calcu­ lating the periods, to count up the number of years that passed during the events he related.

In this island, Atlantis, arose a great and marvellous might of kings, rul- · ing over all the island itself, and many other islands, and parts of the mainland; and besides these, of the lands east of the strait they governed Libya as far as Egypt, and Europe to the borders of Etruria.

But in later time, after there had been exceeding great earthquakes and floods, there fell one day and night of destruction; and the warriors in your land all in one body were swallowed up by the earth, and in like manner did the island Atlantis sink beneath the sea and vanish away.

The next passage in Plato's works which has reference to Atlantis is his Critias, which purports to be an account by a person of that name of the circumstances of life in Atlantis, as recounted by Solon to Dropidas, the speaker's great-grandfather .2 Nine thousand years before Solon's day, or about 96oo B.C., war broke out between the nations within the Pillars of Hercules and those beyond them.

Athens placed herself at the head of the Eastern peoples, and the Kings of the isle of Atlantis led the Western races.

Atlantis was an isle greater than Asia (Asia Minor) and Lybia (North Mrica) together, but it was swallowed up by a convulsion of the earth, and its site is now marked by dangerous quicksands which render the sea-routes in that region unnavigable.

2 It is, indeed, an amplification of Critias's account of Atlantis in the Ti~.

The gods divided the earth into portions, both great and small, and to Poseidon or Neptune, god of the sea, had been awarded the isle of Atlantis, where he begat children by a mortal woman.

He divided Atlantis into ten parts.

He bestowed on his eldest born the maternal domain, which was the largest and best situated, and established the remaining princes in the other regions of Atlantis as chiefs of different nations.

This applied only to the royal portion of Atlantis.

DIODORUS SICULUS, a historian, of Agyrium, in Sicily, who flourished contemporaneously with Julius Cresar and Augustus, has vouchsafed us nearly as much informa­ tion regarding Atlantis and its history as did Plato himself.

He may, of course, refer to the people of Atlas in Africa, as some parts of his narrative would seem to indicate ; but that his account has, as regards its more ancient application, a reference to Atlantis, the southern continent, and not to the remains of its population in Africa, cannot be doubted.

3 o The History of Atlantis • authority of Theopompus and _Apollodorus, the same ._., legend, in which the island was called Meropis, and its - 7 .

151-135 B.c.) says that, as the land was / \ known to have changed in elevation, the account of Plato l { 7'-~ I ,1' ought not to be regarded as fiction, and that such a continent as Atlantis might well have existed and disappeared.

And on this point he does well to cite the statement of Plato that it is possible that the story about the island of Atlantis is not a fiction.

Concerning Atlantis, Plato relates that Solon, after having made inquiry of the Egyptian priests, reported that Atlantis did once exist, but disappeared-an island no smaller in size than a continent; and Poseidonius thinks that it is better to put the matter in that way than to say of Atlantis: 'Its inventor caused it to disappear, just as did the Poet the wall of the Achreans.' " Pomponius Mela (b.

So) expressly affirmed in his First Book the existence of such an island as Atlantis, but places it in the southern temperate zone.

He says that the inhabitants of these islands preserved the memory of a much larger Atlantic island, Atlantis, which had for long exercised dominion over the other islands of that ocean.

"Did we bring it aboi.it, that ten thousand years ago, a vast number of men burst forth from the island which is called the Atlantis of Neptune, as Plato tells us, and utterly ruined and blotted out countless tribes ?

" A summary of the remaining classical data concerning Atlantis must here suffice.

The notions of the Alexandrian School with reference to "{ ' Plato's account are to be found in the Eighteenth Book of Ammianus Marcellinus, who mentions the destruction of Atlantis as an historic fact.

The Byzantine geographer, Cosmos Indicopleustes, in his Christian Topography, in­ cluded Atlantis in his cosmographical system, but altered its circumstances so as to agree with scriptural authority.

Plato's account, he thght, was a legacy of the origal Mosaic tradition, but Atlantis was to be looked for in the east, and was the land of the ten generations of Noah.

Enlarging upon his master's theory, Olivier placed Atlantis in Palestine itself, assuming, logic­ ally enough, that if the Biblical patriarchs were in reality the denizens of Atlantis, and were known historically to have inhabited the Holy Land, that region must indubit­ ably have been Atlantis I About a quarter of a century later, in 1754, Eumenius, a learned Swede, developing the views of Olivier, pushed the theory to its natural con­ clusion, and explained the entire Atlantean mythology by means of Jewish history.

For him Sweden was Atlantis, and Upsala the capital of Plato's shadowy Utopia.

The theory of a northern site for Atlantis dies hard.

In his History of Ancient Astronomy and Letters on Atlantis he brought to bear the whole battery of his learning to prove that Spitzbergen was once a • fertile and populous country, and was, indeed, the veri­ table Platonic Atlantis.

For him Atlas was a king of the once tropical Spitzbergen-Atlantis, an actual human ruler and a distin­ guished astronomer, the inventor of the sphere.

But Bailly's farrago of erudite nonsense was much too gross even for that somewhat credulous Paris which was then on the brink of a human catastrophe even more stupen­ dous then the wreck of Atlantis.

In his Lettre Americain the Comte de Corli, while neatly disposing of Bailly's absurdities, sprung on a readily accepting public · the theory that Atlantis was none other than the American continent itself.

3 6 T he History of Atlantis existence of a great Atlantic continent, was somewhat taken aback by the boldness of the Arctic hypothesis which Bailly, grasping at straws, had wantonly dedicated to him.

But an even more erudite and determined effort to locate Atlantis elsewhere, in Asia, to wit, was that made anonymously in 1779, and by Delisle de Sales, a member of the Institute, in his History of the Atlanteans.

De Sales attempted to prove, by the aid of geology, that the actual Atlantis had been situated in a vast ancient sea which formerly occupied the site of Greece and a large part of the Italian peninsula.

From the midst of this ancient oceanic waste ran the Caucasus range, and this De Sales identified with the early Atlantis.

The Atlantis of Plato De Sales disposed of by identifying it with the Ogygia of Homer, the magical island of the enchantress Calypso, situated "between Italy and Carthage," and this, he averred, had been destroyed by an earthquake, the island of Sardinia remain­ ing as a fragment of the wreckage.

Solon, he said, had invente d the fable of Atlantis, and had made it the subject of an allegorical and political poem, in which the Atlanteans represented the Athenian faction of the Paralien s.

Equally curious are the attempts made to identify the lost Atlantis with America.

In 1553 Gomara in his Historia de las Indias unhesitatingly identified America with Atlantis, and eight years later Guillaume de Postel drew attention to the similarity of the native name for Mexico, Aztlan, with that of Atlantis, which he proposed to confer on the New World.

Bacon in his Nova Atlantis identified America with Plato's isle, although certainly in such a spirit of fantasy as might be employed by Sir J.

But that Shakespeare had at least some memory of the Atlantis story at the back of his mind when he set the scene of his Tempest in a fantastic Atlantic isle, seems not improbable.

Even Stallbaum, the serious critic of Plato's Timceus and Critias, upheld the identity of America with Atlantis, and thought it probable that the ancient Egyptians had a knowledge of the Western

Among other more modern writers Buffon, Ginguene, Mentelle and Raynal were not unfriendly to the general theory of the existence of Atlantis, and Athanasius Kircher and Beeman, Genebrard, and Fortia d'Urban embraced it in its entirety.

Many of these later authors agreed in thinking that Atlantis had formerly existed, as stated by Plato, but were at variance regarding the circumstances of the events which occurred thereon, and the marvels of which he spoke.

The ten Kings of Atlantis were for some of them representative of the ten great antediluvian epochs, and they argued that the history of Atlantis was in reality an allegorical account of the early history of mankind.

40 The History of Atlant is great-grandfather had possessed an account of Atlantis in writing .

It is stated in the Cr£tias that Solon had written a great epic poem on Atlantis, and that his notes on the subject had come down to the younger Critias .

Plutarch expressly upholds Plato's statement that Solon intended to write a poem on Atlantis, but was compelled to renounce his intention on account of his great age.

Historical Sources Examined 41 who was one of his best known commentators, states that in his time the Egyptian priests had shown to the Greeks certain columns or pillars on which they affirmed the his­ tory of Atlantis was inscribed.

It is, of course, well known that Sais, where Solon heard the story of Atlantis, was a city closely associated with Greece.

It is sufficient to say here that the approximate date of Plato's account of the Atlantean invasion agrees with that at which the Azilian- Tardenoisian peoples, the ancestors of the Iberian race, undoubtedly swarmed into Europe, and those European and Mrican regions which he regarded as tributary to Atlantis.

"In later times," said Solon's Egyptian informant, "after there had been exceeding great earthquakes and floods, there fell one day and night of destruction; and the warriors in your land all in one body were swallowed up by the earth, and in like manner did Atlantis sink beneath the sea and vanish away." Here it is noticeable that the Greeks are destroyed by a terrestrial, and the Atlanteans by a marine agency, and I believe that we have in this passage a clue to the true historical character of Plato's account.

Historical Sources Examined 43 Athens, was the sworn enemy of Poseidon, the god associ­ ated with Atlantis as its eponymous deity and founder, and the strife she waged with him for possession of Athens is celebrated in Greek mythology.

"That it was entirely an invention of Plato's," remarks the shrewd Philip Smith, in his article on "Atlantis " in William Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, is hardly credible ....

The legend is found in other forms which do not seem to be entirely copied from Plato." This reminds us of Strabo's quota­ tion from Poseidonius, that it is more reasonable to believe that Atlantis once existed and then sank, than to say that I "its inventor caused it to disappear." · It may be said that if the statement regarding the pep­ lum is true, Plato merely took a local myth for the basis of his tale.

Once more, then, we discover the Athenian goddess at odds with the deity of Atlantis, and this time in a manner which more strikingly

The climate of Atlantis appears, according to Plato's account, to have corresponded closely to that of the Canary Islands, but two circumstances combine to give it a distinctly Mrican aspect : the state­ ment that large herds of elephants roamed the marshland, and that "a fruit with a hard rind" affording both meat, drink and ointment, flourished there.

As the government and religion of Atlantis will also be separately considered it will not be necessary in this place E

Indeed, many of its details, for example, the insular and maritime character of Atlantis, render such a theory quite ...

It at once involves us in a consideration of the question as to how far the Greek myth of the Hesperides has a bearing on the question of Atlantis.

In one passage Diodorus seems to place Atlantis on the West Coast of · Mrica, in any case it" borders upon the ocean," and does

The history of Atlantis, as alluded to by Diodorus, can only be understood by comparison with the details of Greek mythology.

Indeed, as Philip Smith observes in the account already alluded to: "Those who regard it (the story of Atlantis) as pure fiction, but of an early origin, view it as arising out of the very ancient notion, found in Homer and Hesiod, that the abodes of departed heroes were in the extreme west beyond the river Oceanus, a locality naturally assigned as beyond the .

5o The History of Atlantis prosperity and happiness of the Atlanteans was in some degree connected with their poetical representations is very probable, just as when islands were actually discovered off the coast of Africa, they were called the Islands of the Blest.

He says in effect that, if the belief in Atlantis was a mythological one, or in some way connected with the religious or fictional history of the Greeks, the protagonists of that theory cannot leave it at that, but must adduce proof to account for its mytho­ logical origin.

The myth of the war between the Gods and Titans seems to the writer t o supply that proof to account for the mythologica l origin of the story of Atlantis which Smith demanded.

This would bring the date of the founding of Atlantis to about I ,400 years before our era, or about the date of the XIX Dynasty in Egypt.

WE must now consider the geographical questions con­ nected with the site and topography of Atlantis.

In the first place, then, before we proceed to draw conclusions with reference to its geographical position and physiographical features from the literary sources at our command, we are compelled to examine such geological proof as we possess that Atlantis existed at all.

This must, indeed, be satisfactorily demonstrated ·before we can reasonably regard the island of Atlantis as a fit subject for anything approaching an historical thesis.

The geological proof for the existence of Atlantis is extensive, and in this place can only be summarized.

A full account of it will be found in my former works The Problem of Atlantis and Atlantis £n Amer£ca.

CONTINt.NT HYPER.80REEN ATLANTIS IN TERTIARY TIMES (After R.

If, then, we are to posit an Atlantis peopled by human types recognizable as modern, the period in which we must do so is con­ fined to the last 25,000 years of European history.

54 The Histo ry of Atlantis the Atlantic, this authority assures us, is still in move­ ment, in its extreme eastern zone, for a space of about 1,875 miles in breadth, which embraces Iceland, the Azores, the Canaries, Madeira and the Cape Verde Islands.

"Geologically speaking," he says," Plato's theory of Atlantis is highly probable ....

56 The History o( Atlantis anthropology, from ethnography, and lastly from oceano­ graphy that I am now awaiting the final answer." Criticising this statement, Professor Schuchert writes :1 '' The Azores are true volcanic and oceanic islands, and it is almost certain that they never had land connections with the continents on either side of the Atlantic Ocean.

If there is any truth in Plato's thrilling account, we must look for Atlantis off the western coast of Africa, and here we find that five of the Cape Verde Islands and three of the Canaries have rocks that are unmistakably like those common to the continents.

But the most significant consideration which emerges 1 Some remarks on the Atlantis Problem.

Dealing with the improbability of such an island as Atlantis, ever having existed, Mr.

Babcock objects that: 1 "The advocates of a real Atlantis try to pile up proofs of a great land-mass existing at some time in the Atlantic Ocean, a logical proceeding so far as it goes, but one that falls short of its mark, for the land may have ascended and descended again ages before the reputed Atlantis period.

Also what is wanted is evidence of the great island Atlantis, not of the former seaward extension of some existing continent, nor of any land-bridge spanning the ocean.

It is true that such conditions might serve as distant pre­ liminaries for the production of Atlantis Island by the breaking down and submergence of the intervening land, but this only multiplies the cataclysms to be demon­ strated and can have no real relevance in the absence of proof of the island itself.

The tale to be investigated is of a flourishing insular growth of artificial human society on a large scale, not so very many thousands of years ago, evidently removed from all tradition of engulfment and hence dreading it not at all, but sending forth its conquering armies until the final defeat and annihilating cataclysm.'' The reader will observe that I have not "tried to pile up proofs of a great land-mass existing at some time in the Atlantic Ocean," otherwise than to permit him to follow the general argument with clarity, but that I have confined most of the geological evidence to that part of it which deals with the possible existence of Atlantis at the period indicated in Plato's myth.

Babcock's statement which relates to the condition of "human society on a large scale" to be found in Atlantis, I have never subscribed to this notion, but have, in my former works, indicated that I believed such human society as Atlantis boasted to be of a comparatively primi­ tive character.1 The protagonist of the Atlantis theory need not rely solely upon the evidence of Plato , as Mr.

Soundings taken by the various expeditions of the Hydra, Porcupine and Challenger during the nineteenth century especially 1 Although, further on, I adduce sound reasons showing that the civilisa­ tion of Atlantis may actually have been of a comparatively high character.

6o The History of Atlantis uphold the hypothesis of the former existence of land in the Atlantic region.

MAP SHOWING PROBABLE RELATIVE POSITION OF ATLANTIS {A) AND ANTILLIA (B) [Opposite page 62

These may respectively be called Atlantis and Antillia.

That these two island-continents and the connecting chain of islands persisted until late Pleistocene times, at which epoch (about 25,000 years ago, or the beginning of the Post-Glacial epoch) Atlantis seems to have expe­ rienced further disintegration.

Final disaster appears to have overtaken Atlantis about xo,ooo B.C.

If these data be accepted as affording proof, as sub­ stantial as in the circumstances can be expected, of the existence of Atlantis at some time within the past twelve thousand years, we may now proceed to a consideration of its exact site .

One of the most popular theories relating to the former site of Atlantis is that which gives it a coincidence of area with the Sargasso Sea.

We will recall that Plato in his Critias, speaking of the foundering of the continent of Atlantis beneath the waves, remarks that ''the sea in these regions has become impassable.

CONJECiURAL SITE OF ATLANTIS OFF THE CoAST OF AFRICA (After F.

Exact observations as to its limits and their range, extending back for fifty years, assure us that its mean position has not been altered since that time." A venerable tradition associated the Sargasso Sea with the sunken continent of Atlantis , and numerous writers have asserted their belief that in its area the former site of Plato's submerged island is to be found.

It will be admitted that reliable evidence exists for the assumption that the area of the Sargasso Sea coincides · with that of sunken Atlantis.

Not only does the coincidence of areas between the Sargasso and the traditional site of Atlantis assist such a hypothesis, the antiquity of the classi­ cal allusions to the Sargasso accumulation and the obviously wider area it occupied in ancient times appear to strengthen it.

We have here, of course, to consider the site of Atlantis only during that phase of its existence when it was occu­ pied by human life.

This disintegration, as we think, resulted in the formation of the islands of Atlantis and Antillia .

What, exactly, was the geo­ graphical position and site of the island known as Atlantis, at the period when its early population, the Cro-Magnon Race, began to leave it for European soil?

It seems probable, too, that the original area of Atlantis may have coincided with that of the whole area of the Sargasso Sea.

This, of course, refers, as I have said, to the" last phase" of Atlantis, from 23,000 B.C.

Scott-Elliot, in his interesting book, The Story of Atlantis, or M.

The last phase of Atlantis, Poseidonius, as shown by Mr.

Gattefosse's conjectural map of Atlantis in Tertiary times.

but from that of Diodorus Siculus, appears more in consonance with the facts as given by these authors, but I think it should cer• tainly have shown Atlantis as extending farther northward, so as to face the straits of Gibraltar, and come more "under Mount Atlas," as Diodorus states it did.

The latest theory regarding the site of Atlantis is that of M.

He believes that Atlantis was situated inside the Straits of Gibraltar, and that it was, indeed, a portion of the ancient coast of what is now Tunis and Tripoli.

He thinks that the "sea" alluded to by Plato as having been opposite Atlantis was the Tyrr­ henian Sea, and casts doubts on Plato's chronology.

MAP SHOWING POSITION OF ATLANTIS ACCORDING TO Scorr ELLIOT [Opposite page 72

been contiguous to Atlantis.

Did it not do so because the traditions of Atlantis, the island-continent which had once occupied a considerable portion of it, survived into historic times ?

Atlantis is the genitive or possessive form of Atlas, meaning "of Atlas," and "Atlantic" is merely the adjective thereof.

from crude form Atlanti." The name Atlas means "the sustainer, or bearer," from the Sanskrit root Tal, "to bear." But-there is always a "but" in.

these matters-it seems extraordinary that the island of Atalanta, near Eubrea, the largest island of the .lEgean Sea, had a history somewhat resembling that of Atlantis.

We may then conclude that the island-continent of Atlantis at the time of its submergence extended from a point close to the entrance to the Mediterranean to the 45th parallel of longitude, and from north to south, nearly from the 45th parallel of latitude to about the 22nd parallel of latitude.

The Races of Atlantis 7 7 But the most amazing detail which the Azilian art displayed was a large collection of pebbles having certain marks in red painted upon them with peroxide of iron, mingled with some resinous substance.

The Races of Atlantis 79 Professor Osborn, "like the Tardenoisan microlithic flint industry, was largely pursued by fisher-folk." Breuil believes the Azilians to be of Mediterranean origin, and sees the gradual introduction of Azilian culture in that area slowly mingling with older forms.

So The History of Atlantis and shape, curved, straight, convex or concave--diversi­ fied both in size and in style of technique-are very numerous.

The Races of Atlantis 8 1 Cro-Magnon graves present a new aspect in Palreolithic or Old Stone Age archreology.

The Races of Atlantis 8 3 far to the east, in the cave of Antelias, in Syria, as well as in certain stations of Phrenicia, culture-deposits are found which are characteristically Aurignacian "; but "the pure early Aurignacian industry is seen in the regions of the Dordogne and the Pyrenees." "The Cro-Magnon people," says Macalister, "wher­ ever and however they may have originated, developed and fixed their special characteristics in some extra­ European centre, before they invaded our Continent." We see then that Cro-Magnon man arrived in south­ western Europe at a period when great subsidences were taking place both in Europe and the Atlantic area.

This relationship is upheld by Osborn, Rene Verneau, and the late Lord Abercromby, and proves that the Cro- Magnon race was indigenous to the Canary Islands, the remnants of Atlantis, and did not drift there from Europe.

In his Races of Europe, 1 See Problem of Atlantis.

48): "The similarity between Aurig­ nacian skulls in Europe and the prehistoric skulls in Lagoa Santa in Brazil and other remote localities round the margins of South America suggests that this type had once almost as wide a distribution as that of the older types of \ implements." The Basque language may thus be the I sole remaining remnant of the tongue of Atlantis.

The Races of Atlantis 8 5 appearing in a locality in which there are no signs of its earlier phases.

I believe that Cro- Magnon man was the first of those immigrant waves which surged over Europe at a period when the continent of Atlantis was experiencing cata­ clysm after cataclysm, partial disruption, or violent vol­ canic upheaval.

Successive outbreaks and the impossi­ bility of remaining in his early habitat forced him across the land-bridge which then existed between Atlantis and Europe into France, Spain and North Mrica.

But a closely-knit insular chain between slowly foundering Atlantis and Europe may have assisted their passage.

As a more extended proof of the Atlantean origin of these races has already been given in my book The Prob­ lem of Atlantis, it is unnecessary to stress it in these pages, and in my Atlantis in America I have endeavoured to prove that the Cro-Magnon race also overflowed into America.

THE most reliable method of comprehending early life in Atlantis can be gained by a consideration of those races of the Old Stone Age who made their way thence to Europe at different periods.

In the last chapter we examined these in their European aspect, and we must now attempt some reconstruction of their conditions on Atlantis itself.

We are forced to draw parallels between its conditions in Atlantis and in these regions to which it emigrated.

If we do so, we must think of Atlantis at the remote era of 26,ooo years ago as an extensive insular regio_n neither too thickly nor too sparsely populated.

The primitive family, for various reasons, can scarcely be estimated at more than six persons on an average, so that this would give us, roughly, a population of some 35o,ooo for Atlantis in Aurignacian times.

The Stone Age of Atlantis 8 9 Aurignacian cave of Byciskala, in Moravia, described it as "the great cave where once the reindeer man lived whose antechamber was the scene of a cult of the dead, where at a chieftain's grave human sacrifices were offered ...• It well expresses the feelings which these ancient caverns naturally excite, even in one who lives in the sceptical atmosphere of modern science." Later, Dr.

He was, indeed, a worker in bone par excellence, and this prepares us for the belief that on Atlantis there probably existed large deposits of mammoth ivory.

The later Solutrean stage of culture, which supposes -·~ a second wave of immigrants from slowly disintegrating I Atlantis, is somewhat different in its manifestations from Aurignacian proper, but that it emanated from the same region is certain.

The Stone Age in Atlantis 9 1 than Aurignacian, so that we must suppose in the inter­ vening thousand years a considerable cultural advance on Atlantis.

Flints were now manufactured en masse, so that it would seem that the Atlanteans had arrived at the stage of mass production of artifacts, a condition which implies not only a great social advance, but shows that labour on Atlantis was in process of becoming departmentalized.

The enormous strata of horse-bones found in some Solutrean deposits shows clearly that this people were eaters of horse-flesh, and as a race does not as a rule suddenly take to a diet to which it has primarily been unaccustomed, we may well believe that wild horses inhabited Atlantis in large numbers, galloping about its prairies or tundras in great herds.

Thus a new art ' in stone had arisen in the course of centuries in Atlantis.

The Magdalenians seem essentially to have been similar in race to the Aurignacians, but to have lost the tall stature and the excessive cranial capacity-perhaps as a result of the deterioration of climate, and it seems possible to affiliate the Magdalenian culture to the Aurignacian." With the return of glacial conditions in the Magdalenian stage, we must suppose similar conditions in Atlantis.

The Stone Age in Atlantis 9 3 If this theory suffices, we must thus assume the existence of an early form of magic on Atlantis.

We must, indeed, assume the rise in Atlantis of a Bchool of art immeasurably superior in its technique to that of Egypt, freer, if not nobler, more realistic, more inspired, more human in every way.

Twenty thousand or more years ago Atlantis must have been the scene of mighty artistic impulses of a kind equal to any which have been manifested in the history of mankind, and this presupposes the existence of a former great civilisation on the island, of which, perhaps, the art of the Aurignacians was merely the last degenerate phase.

The Stone Age in Atlantis 9 5 mythographers as the Golden Age.

It proves the existence of a highly developed art, almost in its decadence indeed, in the Upper 1 See The Problem of Atlantis, Chapter XVIII, The Flood, p.

But, the entire human and cultural conditions of Atlantis must have undergone enormous changes after the emigration of Aurignacian man to Europe.

It would seem, indeed, from the human relics of the Azilian period, as if Atlantis must, in the interval between the Aurignacian and Azilian immigrations, have been

The Stone Age in Atlantis 97 invaded or colonised itself, and the general ·osteological character of Azilian remains leads to the surmise that this ~ race may have had an Mrican origin.

But that it had a much more remote Mrican origin seems probable, and that it penetrated to Atlantis over the land­ bridge which once connected the Mrican "shelf" with the island-continent appears likely.

We must then imagine Atlantis at some period between I6,ooo and I I ,ooo years ago as having been invaded by a race bearing a strong general resemblance to the Berbers of North Mrica, that is, not Negroid or "Arab," but Iberian, a tall, slender high-featured people, dark or brown-haired , grey or blue­ eyed, using the bow and arrow, and strongly resembling the Guanches of the Canary Islands, who, were indeed, in part their descendants.

These, compell for some reason to cross the land-bridge connecting Atlantis with the Mrican Continent, must have fallen upon the diminish­ ing island in hordes, have vanquished its Aurignacian inhabitants, and have remained there through the centuries until such time as the last cataclysm forced them to •

This theory not only accounts for the marked change in the character of the immigrants from Atlantis in Azilian times, but suggests an almost radical racial reconstruction in Atlantis itself.

They can only have been the Azilians, whose remnants mingled with those of the Aurignacian or ''godlike" stock, and who are still to be found in the Canary Isles, the last vestiges of Atlantis.

He calls the Iberians the "Mediterranean Race," and states that not only did they overflow the Mediterranean area, but penetrated to · Britain and Ireland, France and elsewhere.1 The Azilian or proto-Iberian age on Atlantis must then have been one and the same with that stage of moral and cultural degeneration which Plato speaks of, and his Atlantean invaders identical with the Azilians or proto­ Iberians.

These people, like the Aurignacians, were cave­ dwellers, or, more properly speaking, employed deep and secluded caverns of great size as temples, and this would seem to show that the Azilian invaders of Atlantis had been converted to the ancient religion of the country.

Indeed, so far as it is possible to judge of the religious usages of peoples so remote, there seems to have been little or no difference between the religious ideas of the Aurignacians and the Azilians, save that a grosser species of faith, 1 See The Problem of Atlantis, pp.

The Stone Age in Atlantis 99 suggesting magic, was practised by the latt~r .

We must, then, think of later Atlantis, the Atlantis of the final catastrophe, as having been somewhat degenerate in thought, if not in culture.

Is there any good reason then, to deny to Atlantis an even longer existence than Plato assumes?

~ But at this stage it may be said that such a theory would render Plato's account of Atlantis as a great and flo~rishing civilised community much more ready of acceptance .

Let us beware how we describe these ancient sculptors and limners, lest posterity, with a more just sense of aesthetic values, accords to them an eminence which it may not accede to ourselves I And if this ancient art ranks so highly as all enlightened students of aesthetics admit, can we deny to that Atlantis from which it emanated much of the wondrous culture which Plato, obviously the mouthpiece of a much more venerable tradition, claimed for it?

IT is from the writings of Diodorus the Sicilian, as well as from those of Plato, that we are enabled to glean the little we know concerning the royal line of Atlantis.

The Kings of Atlantis 103 It becomes clear that the mythical history of Atlantis is in some manner associated with the incidents of the war between the Gods and Titans, which bulks so largely in Greek mythi-history and· art.

We find, then, the self-same personages connected with the war of the Gods and Titans as with Atlantis.

Indeed it is clear that Diodorus actually applies the story and personnel of the war of the Gods and Titans to the history of Atlantis.

The Kings of Atlantis 105 Kings of Atlantis as given by Plato and Diodorus may not at one time have belonged to veritable historical persons?

As I have said, we labour under the disability of having the names of the Kings of Atlantis in a Greek form only.

That they ruled over Atlantis in its Stone Age period is as unlikely as that Lear or Arthur represent the Neolithic Age in Britian.

They are called "the first Kings" of Atlantis, and no very extraordinary antiquity is claimed for them prior to the cataclysm.

The Aurignacian art which seems to have pro­ ceeded from her, exhibits certain signs of cultivation dur­ ing many centuries long before it reached its European seat, and the Azilian decadence in art, coupled with a pro­ gress in things material, indicates another revolution of the wheel of human affairs in Atlantis.

The Aurignacian remains, as has been said, seem to point to the prior exist­ ence of a very great civilisation upon Atlantis at some time prior to the end of the Pleistocene era.

glaciation, and it is, therefore, most unlikely that Atlantis which was much in the same latitude, and which was a maritime country at that, would have experienced any great degree of glaciation, or indeed would during the Ice Age have possessed a climate any more rigorous than that of, say, the North of Scotland to-day .

.., If this be admitted, and if we also admit the presence upon Atlantis of a race of men- the Cro-Magnon--of un­ doubted superiority in culture and brain-power (a con­ clusion at which we are justified in arriving by virtue of the size of the Cro-Magnon brain-case, as well as from the remains of Aurignacian art) there is nothing very out­ rageous in the assumption that at a period when Europe was either buried beneath the Pleistocene ice, or powerfully affected in its southerly regions by local glaciations, Atlantis, comparatively free from those conditions, and enjoying a climate of reasonably temperate character, should not have nursed a civilisation which at a subsequent epoch was destroyed by a series of cataclysms of a volcanic or seismic nature.

These we may regard as the Azilians, for certain considerations seem to render it probable that the great civiliser Poseidon (if we regard him as a human figure), settled in Atlantis some centuries before the com­ ing of the Azilians to Europe, or, roughly, about a thousand years before the submergence of Atlantis.

The Kings of Atlantis 107 who must have been the degenerate aborigines of Atlantis.

We find, then, that Poseidon, the culture-bringer, arriving in Atlantis some centuries prior to its final submergence, allied himself with the remnants of the Cro-Magnon aborigines and gave their dying culture a more modern tendency, precisely as did Quetzal coati in Mexico.

Poseidon, I believe, was the leader of the Azilian or proto-Azilian band of invaders who conquered Atlantis, and colonised it some centuries prior to making their great raid on Europe.

We have, therefore, good grounds for the statement that Poseidon was the leaqer or priest-king of the Azilian invaders of Atlantis.

That the whole Iberian race is distantly of North Mrican origin scarcely admits of doubt, and it seems probable that Poseidon, "god " of the Mediterranean Sea, must have led his people from the Atlas region of North Africa to Atlantis, whence,

some centuries later, they were to invade both Europe and their original home.1 If these surely not very dubious conclusions be granted as reasonable, we have the material for a sketch, faint and with many lacunre, perhaps, of historical events in Atlantis, from the period ante-dating the Cro- Magnon invasiqn of Europe to the final submergence of the island-continent.

We must, in the first place, imagine Atlantis, an island nearly the size of Australia, as the seat of a great pre­ historic civilisation of very considerable pretensions.

Then, seemingly about Io,soo B.c., "Poseidon" and his Azilian Proto-Iberians invade Atlantis from the North Mrican region.

Indeed, he behaves in Atlantis precisely as these do in their own spheres.

Pos~idon takes over the lordship of the island of Atlantis.

I 10 The History of Atlantis Marooned on Easter Island with a band of followers, Hotu Motua set himself the task of reconstructing society there.

He built a great encircling wall, and directed the waters into channels.1 What is this but the story of Poseidon in Atlantis?

Thonapa • 1 See my Atlantis in America, p.

The Kings of Atlantis I I I destroyed both hill and image and disappeared into the sea.

We find in these myths most of the elements which go to make up the story of Poseidon in Atlantis, the sacred hill, the making of zones of land and water, the god marrying the native maiden, the disastrous flood.

Traditions , we know, survive for countless centuries, and there is nothing extravagant in the supposition that that which referred to Atlantis slowly but surely became known to peoples on both continents.

Plato provides us with no further details concerning the Kings of Atlantis, after telling us that they reigned there "for generations." Not so Diodorus, who, it would seem , had access to a tradition or traditions of greater scope, so far as this particular part of the Atlantean story is concerned.

Wherever her name has gone, something of Atlantis also has gone.

She was the goddess and along with her, as in the Atlantis of Plato, went the bull, as will be made clear when we come to consider Atlantean religion in its proper place.

The Kings of Atlantis I I 3 that a mountain range still existing, should be called after him is significant.

There is, therefore, nothing un­ reasonable in the supposition that the people of Atlantis called themselves after Atlas, the Titan who was once a man, and gave the country his name.

How long Atlas reigned we have no means of knowing, but it was probably during his tenure of the throne that the city of Atlantis was founded.

The Kings of Atlantis I I 5 when the Carthaginians entered and exploited Southern Spain.

The Kings of Atlantis I I 7 some of which reveal work akin to that of the strange polygonal masonry of Incan Peru.

Whishaw, an archreologist of ripe experience, herself attributes the works in question to Atlantean immigrants, and is pres­ ently preparing an extended essay on the subject, which she is to entitle Atlantis in Andalusia.

There is thus no reason why we should not speak of "palaces" and "observatories" in the Atlantis of the time of Atlas.

I I 8 The History of Atlantis king or chieftain, whos/ avarice and profanity had be­ come a menace to the body politic, was displaced by a more pious and considerate son.

Saturn, we are told, availed himself of the aid of the Titans, that is, probably of the more ancient Aurignacian part of the population, the tall Cro-Magnon people, in his struggle with his son, and it is likely that this use of a people until now quiescent, had not a little to do with later unrest in Atlantis.

We may, then, regard Jupiter as the third King of Atlantis, or at least the third of whom we have any definite knowledge.

The Kings of Atlantis 119 This, too, provides a powerful argument that the only four Kings of Atlantis of whose names we have any record, were not gods, but human men, to whom later divine honours were paid.

It would also seem to have been customary in Atlantis to deify kings after their deaths, precisely as it was in Egypt and Rome, and not infrequently among the tribes of ancient Britain and the North-Ameri­ can Indians.

With what we may then believe to be the dynasty of Jupiter, a revolutionary spirit seems to have manifested itself in the body politic of Atlantis .

I also believe that he could have told us much more about Atlantis had he survived to elaborate his account of it.

120 The f!istory of Atlantis the aged tyrant, who, unable to obtain the assistance of his subjects, had recourse to the older autochthonous stock of Aurignacians.

But that the invasion in question was not the first, is made clear by the statement of Plato that the Kings of Atlantis "governed Libya as far as Egypt, and Europe to the borders of Etruria." This, as I have shown, corresponds generally to the spread of the Azilian or proto-Iberian race, but

The Kings of Atlantis 1 2 1 certainly not to that of the Cro-Magnon, from which we may infer that the Azilian people had made good their footing in Europe and Mrica some time previously to their mass invasion of those regions.

Now it is strange, but nevertheless true, that for corrobor­ ation of the conditions of Atlantis at this particular era we are compelled to turn to a source which might in some ways appear the most unlikely to provide us with the proofs we require, yet which, when once it is carefully considered, we are bound to recognise as affording us precisely the desired measure of confirmation.

with the myth of Atlantis, c_anJ!Ot be accounted .

Atlantis in Britain I 2 3 "The third was the scorching summer, when the woods and plants were set on fire by the intense heat of the Sun, and multitudes of men and beasts and kinds of birds, and reptiles, and trees, and plants were irrecoverably lost." The deluge alluded to in the first triad was the bursting of the Lake of Llyn Llion.

Atlantis in Britain I 2 5 Gwyddno.

Be it noted moreover that both agree with the Atlantis tradition in the circum- 1 pp.

Atlantis in Britain 1 2 7 stance that the land was overwhelmed in consequence of the wickedness of its inhabitants.

Atlantis in Britain 129 verbiage and import, and evidently, as Turner observes, "involved in mythology." Davies believed the poem to allude" to the mysteries of the British Bacchus and Ceres," which were connected with "diluvian mythology," but admits that "another hand might be more dexterous in.

The reader will recollect that, in Plato's account, the city of Atlantis was said to be divided into zones or circles of land and water, and in a previously published work, The Problem of Atlantis, I brought a great deal of proof to bear that the circular plan of Atlantis was copied in many subsequent city-sites .

As regards the allusion to the ox, "in almost every British memorial of the deluge" writes Davies, "the ox is introduced." The ox or bull was, it will be recalled, the sacred animal worshipped in Atlantis.

But do we find in the ancient Welh tr_aditiQ!_1s_ any reminiscences mor definite of the lost Atlantis, .reglinis­ cences which would justify us in_aying that out British forefathers associated the.

\ · Atlantis in Britain I 3 I In the first place it is clear that the Lake Llion, whose legend we have already discussed, is nothing more or less than a legend of oceanic submergence adapted to a Welsh locality-that indeed the traditions relating to Lake Llion and Lyonesse have a common origin.

Atlantis, it is needless to say, has been again and again identified with the Island of the Hesperides which contained the sacred apples, so that the association of Avallon with that insular paradise equates the British with the Platonic locality, and A vall on stands revealed as the Atlantis of Plato.

Seeking for the moment for further associations between the localities of Avallon and Atlantis, before we deal with their respective rulers and inhabitants, we find in the legend of the '' Revolving Castle" entered by Peredur, an incident peculiarly Atlantean.

Atlantis in Britain 133 The name "Caer Sidi" signifies "revolving place," and is identified by Rhys with the ''Revolving Castle." We will recall that this Caer Sidi was alluded to as the insular locality abandoned by Arthur and his companions on the occurrence of a deluge.

It is situated "on level ground in the middle of a plain or meadow," as was Atlantis, and, like it, is sut:rounded by a "mighty ditch or fosse." The ground trembles and the castle whirls as if in the throes of an earthquake.

This is Atlantis over again, the walls of which were con­ structed of gold, silver and orichalcum or copper.

(1) In the Welsh account Peredur rode through wild forests, "from one forest to another." Plato says that the country surrounding Atlantis was deeply afforested.

Atlantis was built "on a level plain."

134 T he History of A tlantis (3) Around the Revolving Castle "flowed a large river." "The plain," says Plato, "was encompassed by a mighty ditch or fosse, which received the mountain streams and the outfio·w of the canals." (4) Caer Sidi is "The Revolving or Circular Place." Atlantis was also built in circular form.

The landowner in Atlantis, says Plato, "was bound to furnish the sixth part of a war­ chariot, so as to make up ten thousand chariots, two horses and riders upon them, a light chariot without a seat, and an attendant and charioteer, two heavily-armed infantrymen, two archers, two stingers, three stone­ shooters, three javelin-men, and four sailors, to make up the complement of twelve hundred ships." (6) "They" (the multitudes, the plebeians) "know not the brindled ox with the thick head-band." "Near the temple of Poseidon in Atlantis," says Plato, "grazed the sacred bulls, and these the ten kings of the island periodic­ ally offered up in sacrifice .

Atlantis in Britain 1 3 5 of healing Arthur of his wounds, and is the Lady of the Lake, the foster-mother of Launcelot, the imprisoner of l\1erlin.

Atlantis in Britain 1 3 7 country to the West.Coas~f-Cornwall,_" lying somewhere under the sea between Lundy.

But it also seems to me to have an etymological as well as a traditional connection with Atlantis.

It would seem then, that through some such association of the god Atlas with this Western locality, and through the confusion and Hellenisation of the name Llyn Llion, the name Atlantis may have arisen.

Or may not .the names Llyn Llion and Atlantis proceed from a common root ?

Albion (Britain), Iberius (Ireland), Atlas (Atlantis).

Atlantis in Britain 1 39 was imagined to float back to the east during the night hours.

We see, then, that the Atlantic island of British Celtic myth is in many of its circumstances the parallel of Atlantis.

Not only is it an insular locality, but it boasted a city, Caer Sidi, which was built, like Atlantis, in circular form, surrounded by a great fosse, or canal, garrisoned by heavily­ armed infantrymen, and its worship was connected in some manner with sacred cattle.

Further, the allusion to Cronus as being imprisoned in a still more distant island "with Briaerus keeping guard over him as he sleeps," is, as Rhys justly remarks, a parallel with the sleep of Arthur in Avallon, the island which I have already shown to be in all likelihood one and the same with Atlantis.

' Atlantis in Britain court, burnt to ashes by fire from heaven.

Thus we find practically all the broader and more general circumstances of Plato's account of Atlantis duplicated in British tradition-the belief in the sub­ mergence of a former insular marine locality situated in the West, its destruction by flood, volcanic or seismic agency, its possession of a city built in a certain peculiar manner, and having a religious cult connected with cattle.

Atlantis in Britain Diodorus, the Pleiades, and according to other classical authorities, birds.

Plato tells us that a great race-course existed in Atlantis.

I HAVE traversed the subject of the traditions relating to Atlantis in Europe, Africa and America so frequently ,1 that a mere summary of them must here suffice.

Such a summary, however, is essential to a History of Atlantis, which would be incomplete without some refere~ce to the evidence for the former existence of the island con­ tinent in both the Old and New Worlds.

Some writers even suggested that Antillia was Atlantis itself, and that its quadrilateral shape resembled that of Atlantis as described by Plato.

But Humboldt indicated that Plato had ascribed this form to a particular part of Atlantis only, and not to the whole island.

1 In The Problem of Atlantis and Atlantis in America.

The Celts of Brittany, like those of Britain, preserved their own version of the Atlantis story in the legend of the sunken city of Ys, or Ker-is, ruled by a prince named Gradlon, who, warned of the approach of the sea, defended his capital from its incursions by constructing an immense basin to receive the overflow of the water at high tide.

The Traditions of Atlantis is known as Gradlon Meur or "the Great," an appel­ lation reserved only for gods in Celtic mythology.

His palace closely resembled that of Atlantis.

"A strong dike protected it from the ocean." There were gates which opened and closed on the sea-way, as in Atlantis, and his palace was similarly decorated.

It seems to me that there is little or no difference between the legend of Ys and that of Atlantis.

The legend of Dardanus, whom the Flood overtook in Samothrace, has a close resemblance in certain of its passages to that of Atlantis.

The Traditions of Atlantis 149 and covered a grea~ part of the level country in their island, and that the survivors fled to the high mountainous land beyond.

The hill mentioned in this myth appears to be the same as that on which Poseidon raised his dwelling in Atlantis, and the disposal of the waters bears a suspicious resemb­ lance to the sea-god's disposition of sea and land into zones.

The Traditions of Atlantis 1 5 I Raimi created the world by placing it in the shape of a flat stone on the head of another deity.

The Traditions of Atlantis 153 Algonkin legends do not speak of an antediluvi an race, nor any family who escaped the waters .

The Traditions of Atlantis 1 55 Cleito.

A native Mexican historian, Ixtlilxochitl, gives an account of the Toltec s which bears a surprising resemblance to the Platonic story of Atlantis.

The Traditions of Atlantis 1 57 deluge with the man in the tree (ark) and is the mother of the god Tlaloc, whom they have made goddess of water, that they might obtain rain when they stood in need of it.

They celebrated a great festival on this sign, as we shall see on the sign of four earthquakes, because they feared that the world would be destroyed in that sign (or date) as he had foretold them when he dis­ appeared in the Red Sea, which event occurred on the same sign." Now these passages are eloquent of Quetz alcoatl's connection with the tradition of Atlantis.

The architecture of Tollan, as described by Ixtlilxochitl and others, bears a striking resemblance to that of Atlantis as described by Plato, the seismic or cataclysmic circumstances are present in both accounts, and the sinfulness of the denizens of both regions is a significant circumstance.

Spin den, a leading authority on Maya 1 A full critical account of the Mexican ideas relating to Quetzalcoa tl will be found in my Atlantis in America, Chapter III, and an exhaustive study of him in my " Gods of Mexico.'' ·

The Traditions of Atlantis 1 59 archreology, has described these figures as "Atlantean," because of their resemblance to the Greek caryatids of Atlas.

We find, then, that Plato's account of Atlantis by no means stands alone, but has many equivalents in European and American tradition; and that these traditions were drawn from actual colonial settlement in more than one of the regions where they flourished will be seen when we come to deal with the subject of the Atlantean colonies.

FROM what has gone before, we should now be able to draw such conclusions as will afford us a reasonably trustworthy picture of life in Atlantis at the period of its last phase-that preceding its final submergence.

Life in Atlantis climatic conditions, and it is possible that Atlantis must have been densely afforested in parts.

I have also shown elsewhere1 that the general archi­ tectural plan of the city of Atlantis, as described by Plato, appears to have been copied far and wide.

which is almost identical with that of Atlantis.

Indeed, both Atlantis and Carthage had a citadel hill encircled by zones of land and water, a canal to the sea, and bridges over the zones, fortified by towers.

Hanno, the 1 Problem of Atlantis, Chaps.

Life in Atlantis Carthaginian voyager, discovered such a plan in that region, and it is indubitably found also in America, especially in the ancient plan of the Aztec city of Mexico­ Tenochtitlan and elsewhere .

/;:> The question of the presence of pyramids in Atlantis also arises.

It seems unlikely that they were actually to be found there, but it is probable that the pyramid in Egypt and America is merely a later reminiscence of the sacred hill of Atlantis.

Both would appear to trace their descent from the sacred hill of Atlantis.

Moreover, pyramids were to be found in the Canaries and the Antilles, the insular links in ·the chain between Europe and America, of which Atlantis is the missing link.

of roots, fruits, vines and corn, but in this latter statement he is, perhaps, corrected by Diodorus, who, writing of the island Hesperia, which in this case is to be identified with Atlantis, says that corn was unknown to its inhabi­ tants.

But its origin is wrapped in impenetrable mystery, and the fact that it was so closely associated with the Eleusinian mysteries and with those of Osiris, both of which had a Western origin, might, perhaps, be taken as good evidence that it originated in Atlantis, although it would not be wise to dogmatize on the point.

The fruit with the hard rind grown in Atlantis which afforded both meat, drink and ointment has already been alluded to, and was obviously the coconut, or some species thereof.

Life in Atlantis Spanish paintings, however, are usually clothed in a skirt which reach'es from just above the waist to a little below the knees, leaving the upper part of the body bare.

Atlantis did not possess some system of writing, hiero­ glyphic or pictorial.

The mere fact that the Azilians of Europe possessed something in the nature of a symbology is pretty good proof that their contemporaries in Atlantis had at least advanced as far as the use of a pictorial writing similar to that by which the Aztecs of Mexico expressed themselves, keeping accounts of tributes, fixing the date of religious festivals, and even chronicling the facts of history as well as the fancies of fiction.

Plato, in stating that the laws of Atlantis were engraved on a column of orichalcum implies that they possessed some system of writing.

Life in Atlantis If this fragment could itself be proved to be of neolithic age, it would follow that in that remote time the art of writing was already known to at least one branch of the Mediterranean stock." If we examine the history of writing and symbolism in Europe and America, certain facts emerge which might, after all due caution was employed, point to an Atlantean origin for certain elements in both European and American symbols and glyphs.

Life in Atlantis picture -writings of the North American Indian tribes as the appended illustrations show.

1 Th~ Problem of Atlantis, pp.

As we have seen, the Canary Islands abound in caverns, "Where," says Osborn, 1 "the ceilings were covered with a uniform coat of red ochre, while the walls were decorated with various geometric designs in red, black, grey and white." Rene Verneau, a French anthropologist of ex­ perience, writes of them: "All these walls (in the Grotto of Goldar) are decorated with paintings." 2 Thus, in the last remaining portion of Atlantis, proof is forthcoming that its ancient inhabitants possessed a symbolism of their own.

Nor is it likely that the dwellers in these caverns, shepherds or hunters, would have been on an equal cultural level with the inhabitants of the cities of Atlantis, any more than the shepherds of the Vosges are the cultural equals of the literati of Paris, or the cowboys of the far West the intel­ lectual peers of the scholars of Boston or New York.

Regarding the manners and morality of the people of Atlantis, we are enabled to speak with greater freedom.

Life in Atlantis IJI the progeny of the rather obnoxious sea-god, were by no means the equals either in morality or courage, of the People of Pallas Athene.

As I have said before, it seems perfectly possible that Atlantis may have survived until a considerably later date than Plato fixed for its submergence, and if this be so, we have a period of time in which its people may have advanced from the comparative state of barbarism which undoubt­ edly distinguished them in Azilian times to a condition of much greater mental complexity than was possible in that era.

Life in Atlantis 1 73 Vishnu, in Hindu myth, sends a flood upon the earth because "all creatures had offended him." In Breton legend the city of Y s is overwhelmed by the waters because of the profligacy of its princess, "who had made a crown of her vices, and taken for her pages the seven capital sins." In a myth of the Arawak Indians the god Aimon Kondi scourges the world with fire, followed by a flood, because of the shortcomings of man, and countless other myths speak of the drowning of the human race for its wickedness.

We see that it deals with a world submerged for its vices, as Atlantis was.

FROM the account of Plato we receive a very full description of the type of government which obtained in Atlantis.

We are told in the first place that each of the twelve kings of Atlantis was absolute in his own island, but that so far as their government was concerned they were almost completely tied down to the mere carrying out of the ordinances of the ancient Atlantean rulers engraven on the column of orichalcum in the temple of Poseidon.

Anything resembling a fixed condition of the law renders it impossible for a state to advance politically or economic­ ally to any great extent, and such must have been the case with Atlantis.

We observe, too, from Plato's account that the govern­ ment of Atlantis was closely connected with its religion, that it must have been of a sacerdotal character, and that the kings also acted as priests or hierophants.

The government of the country seems to have been on a feudal basis, and indeed it is noticeable that it was in these very countries which were first colonised by Atlantis that later the feudal idea of government arose.

The governance of this host would seem, from the evidence in our possession, to have been not unmingled with anxiety for the rulers of Atlantis, especially when the period of unrest began to manifest itself.

The reader will remember the passage in the Welsh Triads which almost indubitably refers to a memorial of rebellion in Atlantis.

It is possible that at this time the ruling caste in Atlantis, as ruling castes have done elsewhere, sought to distract the atten­ tion of the people from internecine troubles by proposing to them a great scheme of foreign conquest, a campaign by which they might overrun the adjacent European region and achieve possessions even for the humblest.

What we read in Plato and other authors regarding the state and polity of Atlantis has little or no reflection in any Mediterranean form of government as described by the classical writers of antiquity.

True, the various provinces of Atlantis might reflect the nomes of ancient Egypt, and the military economy of Atlantis certainly bears some slight resemblance to that of the Nile country, but on the other hand the Pharaoh was supreme in Egypt and such a conference of kings as is mentioned in Plato's account would never have been possible in a state whose monarch was regarded as a deity, and whose provincial governors, even though vested with a great degree of power, would never have presumed to place themselves on anything like equality with the reigning monarch.

Atlantean State and Polity 1 7 9 and in Gaul, if we refer to the earliest historical accounts which deal with them, we find the great mass of the people under the stern rule of an aristocracy which regarded them practically as serfs, we find the country broken up into similar cantons ruled by petty kings, and a system of military service obtaining under which foot- , soldiers, charioteers and stingers were recruited precisely as in Atlantis.

As regards the type of religion which flourished in Atlantis, the Platonic account affords us some very precise details.

The Religion of Atlantis I 8 I We know also that the bull was the sacred animal of the Aurignacians, as its presence in many of their cave­ temples proves, and that they actually sacrificed it there can be little doubt.

The Religion of Atlantis In Scotland its figure is graven on many of the ancient Pictish stones, and these are ·associated with religious symbols.

If we believe that the Aurignacians came from Atlantis, we can scarcely doubt that they brought the cult of the bull along with them, and surely we find corrobor­ ation of the fact in the Platonic account of Atlantis.

In­ deed the whole circumstances of the bull-cult, as drawn from the comparative study of its phenomena in Spain France, Britain, Crete and Egypt, are eloquent of its origin in sunken Atlantis, where, according to Plato's details, themselves drawn from an Egyptian source, we also find the worship of the bull in full celebration.

How far Plato's account of bull-sacrifice in Atlantis was sophisticated by a similar sacrifice in the Hellenic worship of Bacchus may be gauged from a brief study of the Bacchic ceremony.

The connection of the bull with Poseidon brings us to the question of the personnel of the gods of Atlantis.

The Religion of Atlantis that may be, the bull was the beast of Poseidon par excellence.

The gods of Atlantis, though dim enough in all con­ s~ience, may yet be gathered into a species of provisional pantheon.

Moreover, we find him in Plato's account most definitely associated with Atlantis, where we are told his temple was the chief seat of worship in the island.

The association of Atlas in a definite group with other gods whose names still cling to existing countries makes it yery plain that his own name was not associated with Atlantis by a mere figment of the Platonic imagination .

His island has disappeared, yet his name and that of Atlantis remain.

be.lit-v f'\Uecl to ing HENRY mi in th.- yer · ~ ---~ --~ ...--...o - --- 1-.i ':l:;Q( 1!0 vN :X: · ()c­ QP ENGLISH MAP OF AM~ICA, SHOWING ATLANTIS, DRAWN IN THE YEAR 1500 (From Fletcher and Kipling's "School HistorY, of England, by kind permission of the Oxford University Press).

The Religion of Atlantis There, he says, the gales of Ocean breathe over the Island of the Fortunate, the earth laughs with golden flowers, and the good appear to occupy themselves chiefly in horsemanship and music.

There are, however, good grounds for believing that the whole idea of the continued existence of souls after death in the West arose out of the memory of Atlantis.

The Religion of Atlantis inimical to their own, and this especially applies to the Hellenic peoples of the eastern Mediterranean, who, less than any others, perhaps, had come under the influence of the Atlantean culture and religion.

Our fragmentary knowledge of Carthaginian religion scarcely permits us to say how far this Asiatic people, settled in North- West Mrica, had accepted local beliefs regarding Atlantis, but there can be little doubt that, as many classical authors admit, many of the fundamental ideas con­ nected with the religious mysteries of the Mediterranean races, such, for example, as those of the Cabiri, passed through a Carthaginian crucible before they reached Greece, and that they had no connection with that Palestine, whence the Carthaginians came, is clear enough.

In the very works in which he tells the story of Atlantis he outlines these beliefs.

This leads to the assumption that the religion of Atlantis was closely associated with astrology.

We know, however, that the Druids of Britain and Ireland were familiar with it, and one as yet almost unexamined system of astrology provides material for thought on the lines that it may have proceeded from Atlantis.

The allusion is to the astrology of the Aztecs of Mexico, which has little or no resemblance to that of the Orient, and which, it is not at all improbable, ~mana ted more or less ·directly from Atlantis.

Regarding the manner in which it reached the American continent, along with other manifestations of the Atlantean culture, the reader must be referred to my Atlantis in America.

The Religion of Atlantis as the Tonalamatl or Calendar, and that many of its gods were practically mere chronological dates, and when we find that this strange religion had no cultural connections whatsoever with the west, but regarded its beginnings as having originated in the east, the importance of its consideration is borne in upon us.1 The word tonalamatl means " Book of the Good and Bad Days," and it is primarily a Book of Fate from which the destiny of children born on such and such a day, or the result of any course to be taken or any venture made on any given day, was forecasted by divinatory methods similar to those which have been employed by astrologers in many parts of the world and in all times.

This in itself is surely sufficient proof that the astrological system of Mexico either emanated from Atlantis or had Atlantean associations.

That the early Hellenic, Mediter­ ranean and British religions were also founded on a simi­ lar basis is obvious, and it was only in later historical times th~t notions similar to those which must have obtained in Atlantis began to be overlaid by departmental deities, • gods of the virtues and vices, gods of trades and agriculture.

The older gods of Europe, like those of Atlantis, were Titanic and eponymous, having a relation to the region s

The Religion of Atlantis I 9 3 over which they ruled.

In the story of Atlantis there can be no doubt we have the origin of these ...

It might also have good results as bringing out more specific information regarding the general characteristics of the Titan deities, and thus enlightening us upon the pantheon of Atlantis, whence probably the idea of all had sprung.

The very fact that the eponymous deities of our twin islands, Albion and Iberius, are grouped in classical myth along with the figure of Atlas, the god of Atlantis; should be sufficient to give pause to those who might be dubious regarding the utility of such an examination.

The Religion of Atlantis 1 9 5 possessors of a gigantic appetite.

We know that it was also practised in Spain and in the Canary Islands, the last terrestrial vestiges of Atlantis.

The Religion of Atlantis 197 often erroneously believed to be a purely Oriental idea.

Rice Holmes says wisely: "If the Druids, as Cresar said, taught that souls passed ' from one person to another,' they meant, perhaps, that after death the soul entered a new body-the ethereal counterpart of that which it had left behind." We find, too, that the Druids had a pillar of "orichal­ cum" or bronze, such as stood in the temple of Poseidon in Atlantis.

It seems then most probable as has been said, that Druidism was the last phase of the ancient religion of Atlantis.

It has often seemed strange to the writer that European Theosophists should seek to draw and infer the origin of the system they support from Oriental sources, when it must be manifest, as the founder of modern Theosophy upheld, that the very beginnings of the system emanated from Atlantis.

The Religion of Atlantis 1 99 overlaid by early Christian ideas.

The proof is irre­ fragable, and should not Mysticism commence the study of its alphabet with the A of Atlantis?

WE are on rather surer ground in dealing with the subject of the animals and plants of Atlantis than in touching upon the history of its kings, for we have certain excellent data upon which to build sound hypotheses.

In the first place, certain fragments of the sunken Atlantis, the Azores and the Canary Islands, still remain above water, and their fauna and flora provide us with a certain amount of comparative material from which we can argue regarding the general conditions of plant and animal life in Atlantis.

It must, however, be borne in mind that the con­ ditions of animal and plant life on Atlantis were not the same in the various phases of its history any more than they were during the long and changing periods and phases of climatic change in Europe and America.

At the same time it may be taken for granted that the recurring periods of the Ice Age, whatever their duration, can scarcely have had any great effect on the climate of Atlantis, although there is equally no doubt that they must have exercised a certain influence upon the meteorological conditions prevailing in the island-continent.

Animal Life in Atlantis 201 we are dealing with the history of Atlantis subsequent to the Ice Age, it will be sufficient for our purpose if we regard conditions there from that point of view alone.

A very considerable literature has gathered round the question of animal and plant life on Atlantis.

The very name of the Azores means the "hawk islands," and if hawks abounded in the archipelago when it was discovered it is safe to say that they did so in that part of Atlantis to which it formerly belonged.

But may not the rabbit and other leptorrhine species have originated upon Atlantis itself and have spread eastwards and westwards to America and Mrica?

At the same time it is notorious that the rabbit flourishes exceedingly in such a mild climate as that of Australia, to which the climate of Atlantis must have borne a certain general resemblance, so that it seems a little difficult to account for the species pressing from a genial climate into an area where tundra conditions prevai led.

Animal Life in Atlantis 203 It has frequently been pointed out, too, that the carni­ vorous animals of Tertiary times in Europe are closely connected with those of America.

The European Atlantic islands are somewhat destitute of animals of this species, but it is quite possible that in the course of the many centuries which separated the Tertiary era from the final submergence of Atlantis that they may have been utterly rooted out by a civilised people, precisely as the wolf was rooted out in Britain.

It has occasionally been stated with some authority that Atlantis may have been the cradle of all animal life.

Johannes Schmidt, the Danish biologist, who has paid great attention to the migrations of the eel, is inclined to think that it may have originated in the ocean fastnesses surrounding the site of Atlantis.

If these migrations are not eloquent of an animal impulse to return to the lost Atlantis, it would indeed be difficult to say what was.

One species of the Monk Seal inh~bits the Mediterranean and another the West Indies, while the Siren is to be found in the estuaries of West Mrica, along the South American coast and among the West Indian islands, and the inference drawn is that their ancestors must have spread along some coastline which "united the Old World and the New at no very distant period." Plato assures us that the elephant was a denizen of Atlantis.

Animal Life in Atlantis 205 ...

If then, this animal existed in Spain in the period in question, a period which witnessed human immigration from Atlantis, it is not improbable that it was still wandering to and fro between the European mainland and the island-continent over a still-existing land-bridge, and that, after this land-bridge disappeared, it became extinct in Europe, but continued to flourish in Atlantis, where it was marooned .

In any case, there is nothing extravagant in the supposition that elephants actually existed in Atlantis.

From the humbler forms of life on the Azores and the · Canaries we can glean a good idea of how similar life in Atlantis appeared.

206 The Hist~ry of Atlantis in a submerged continent once lying between these .

The last great fragment, finally engulfed, and no longer having left any other vestiges than the four archipelagoes, would be the Atlantis of Plato.

AT least a score of writers have insisted that Atlantis, at the era of her fall, sent out numerous colonies to all parts of the world.

The colonial expansion of Atlantis has especially been stressed in more recent times by Donelly, Brasseur de Bourbourg and Augustus Le Plongeon, all of whom seek to establish an Egyptian connection.

The general attitude of the majority of those writers who believe in the Atlantean penetration of America or European countries may, perhaps, be summed up in a passage from an article "Some Notes on the Lost Atlantis," which appeared in Papyrus, the official organ of the Theosophical Society in Egypt, for March, I9ZI.

"Atlantis sent her children over the entire world," says the writer of this article .

The Colonies of Atlantis 209 is significant.

"1 It must be clear that if Atlantis actually sunk about 96oo B.c., as Plato's account would give us to understand, all Atlantean colonial settlement on European soil must have ceased with that period, and if that be conceded, we must regard all Atlantean expansion in the Mediter­ ranean and other European areas as identified with Azilian or Iberian expansion.

1 I recently received a letter from a lady who knows North-West Africa well, in which she states that many traditions of Atlantis are still to be found among the native population.

An Arab Emir of her acquain­ tance is quite an authority on the subject, and has even written a book on Atlantis in Morocco.

But did Atlantis finally sink in 96oo B.c.

The Colonies of Atlantis 211 Atlantis itself must have finally disappeared before the period in which vessels were regularly engaged in Mediter­ ranean commerce, say about z,ooo B.C.

1 May it not be that the secret cult connected with the Cabiri emanated from an Atlantis still existing about 3000 B.C., and that it spread eastward from North-West Africa through later Carthaginian influence to Greece and Asia Minor?

The theory has been put forward that Plato's account of Atlantis was, indeed, a mere reminiscence of the fall of the Minoan civilization of Crete.

Tradition 1 See The Problem of Atlantis, pp.

The Colonies of Atlantis 213 aided by meagre written records, took its place formerly, and became as much an art as written history is to-day.

It is much more likely that the Minoan civilisation of Crete was modelled upon that of an Atlantis which had possibly survived to a much later date than has been thought possible until now.

Early Minoan civilisation dates, roughly, from about 3,400 B.C., and certain of its phases bear a strong resemblance to Plato's picture of life in Atlantis.

The bull was its sacred animal, as in Atlantis, and the great arena at Knossos was certainly used for bull-fights or sacrifices.

It was, then, probably, some venerable myth of a tauric deity dwelling in a labyrinthine cave, and anciently derived from Spain or from the common source of Atlantis, which gave rise to the Cretan tradition of the Labyrinth.

The idea that Egypt was a colony of Atlantis has not met with great acceptance from many writers on the subject.

Augustus Le Plongeon 's Queen Moo and the Egyptian Sphinx, which tells us how Moo, a princess of the Maya of Central America, fled to Egypt after the catas­ trophe which ended in the submergence of Atlantis, and founded the Egyptian civilisation.

The Colonies of Atlantis 215 constituents which helped to make up the composite stock known as the ancient Egyptians, and that they must have entered Egypt from the West.

The Colonies of Atlantis 217 to believe that along the entire track of Atlantean civi­ lisation, from Egypt to Peru, a definite cult of embalm­ ment, the first signs of which we witness in late Aurig­ nacian times in the tying up of the corpse in leather bundles and bandages, slowly took shape until it emerged as a definite cult with well-marked characteristics and ritual.

I believe that this cult, the Osirian, originated in Atlantis, and spread thence all over North Mrica on the one hand and to America on the other, and that its affiliated customs took root in most places were it was carried .

\VE find then that the old belief that the great power of Atlantis founded something in the nature of ready-made colonies in Egypt, North Africa, America, and elsewhere, must give way to the much more sane and reasonable hypothesis that a species of slow cultural penetration drifted eastward and westward from the area of the now submerged continent.

It is, indeed, extremely improb­ able that Atlantis actually founded anything in the nature of a colony.

In fact it seems probable that witchcraft, as a cult, originated in Atlantis.

It is indeed a fertility cult, originating in a very early worship of the bull as a symbol of animal fertility, but what makes it of the greatest significance for the student of Atlantean Archreology is the fact that in its most striking aspects it is associated with those regions which were undoubtedly most affected by immigration from Atlantis-France, Spain and Mexico, and in the Aurignacian area of the two former countries.

In a rock-shelter at Cogul, near Lerida, in Spain, a painting has been dis­ covered which represents a number of women dressed in the traditional costume of witches, with peaked hats and skirts descending from the waist, dancing round a male idol or priest, who is painted black-the ''black 1 See Atlantis in America, pp.

It would seem, too, that we have the very best possible reasons for regarding witchcraft in Europe and America as an emanation from Atlantis.

In the Greek mythological tales of the Gardens of the Hesperides and of the Amazons of Hesperia, we find memories of a well-marked female cult, just as we do in the traditions of the Guanches of the Canary Islands, the last remnants of Atlantis.

I have already summarized the traditional material con­ nected with the Amazons and their invasion of Atlantis, from which it seems clear that they had a distinct associ­ ation with witchcraft.

Witch cults were also to be found on the European and American islands which formed links in the chain between Atlantis and the respective mainlands.

I can discover no record of the practice in the Canary Islands, but when we find the cus­ tom in vogue in three of the "links" of which Atlantis is the missing one, it would seem as though the custom of tattooing must also have emanated from the sunken conti­ nent, and have been introduced east and west along with the other features of the complex .

It has been traced in Europe to peoples of the Mediterranean race, that is to those races who are most closely connected with the immigrant peoples of Atlantis.

\ They certainly agree with the Maya conception of the Cosmos, which alludes to the earth as supported on the back of a great dragon or four-footed whale, and they appear to be associated with the myth of Atlas himself, the world-bearer connected with the story of Atlantis, and they are further reflected in the myth of Quetzal­ coati, who, in his central American form, is assuredly the dragon or serpent who dwelt in the sea.

His myth says that "he carved the land and sea to his liking," precisely as Poseidon carved the island of Atlantis into alternate zones of land and water.

Atlantean Culture Complex 2 3 7 have become symbolic of Poseidon in the continent of Atlantis.

This is by no means weakened, when we discover that this Great Hand is actually identified with Atlantis in medireval legends, for the map of Bianco, which dates from 1436, contains an island, the Italian name of which may be translated "the Hand of Satan." Formaleoni, an Italian writer, had observed the name, but did not apprec.iate its significance until he chanced to stumble on a reference to a similar name in an old Italian romance, which told how a great hand rose every day from the sea and carried off a number of the inhabitants into the ocean.

In Plato's account of Atlantis practically all the details of the Atlantean complex may be discovered, and the same holds good of the myth of Quetzalcoatl.

I am not matching him to later Atlantis writers.

The plate is captioned as the site of the island of Atlantis, once swallowed by the sea, drawn from the mind of the Egyptians and from Plato's description.

The labels I read are Africa, Hispania, Oceanus, Insula Atlantis, Atlanticus, and America.

It is the frame of the book, not an Atlantis story.

They add no claim about Atlantis, the flood, or the canals.

The book does not discuss Atlantis, a lost land, or the flood.

I am not setting those astronomical chapters beside Atlantis writers.

The cartouche reads: site of the island of Atlantis, once swallowed by the sea, from the mind of the Egyptians and from Plato's description.

One label is Oceanus, another Atlanticus, and the great island is Insula Atlantis.

They do not add a second Atlantis.

This book does not add Atlantis, and it does not add a lost land beyond the communication of the seas through hidden meanders.

I found no Atlantis in this book, and no lost land.

I found no Atlantis, no lost land, and no flood in this book.

It does not add a site for Atlantis.

The findings are in Submerged Atlantis Restored.

Submerged Atlantis Restored OR RIN-GA'-SE NUD Sl-I-KEL'ZE A short treatise on the Over Spirit as the Cycle Suipreme; the Over Soul as the Epicycle Suopreme; Spirit, Soul and Matter as liinks Supreme, and Time, Space and Life as Trinity Epicycles operating on the def- erent of the Over Soul by Impulse from the Over Spirit in creative process, through the activity of Animation, Extension, Expression and Duration, as the source oi all individualized form manlfesitation throughout the Universe, Also an elaborate treatise on the Continent of Atlantis, including its Mountain Ranges', Valleys, Seas, Lakes, 'Bays, Rivers, Sections or States, Cities, Convulsions, Submergence, Geographic, Geologic, Ethno- graphic and Ethnologic conditions.

Other great features, such as the Pre-historio Convulsionis and the periods of time when they occurred, that have established the present contour of the Continents and Islands of the Earth, and that have es- tablished the various bodies of water and deserts now in existence; the re-esta)blis'hment and influence of the above-named subjects In Pre- historio ages, subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis, by remnant and migratory conditions; re-concelved and re-embodied ideas, through natural, material and spiritual influences, their continuation and development, or degeneration, as leading up to the Ancient, Modern-Ancient, and Modern periods of time, thus establishing the Pre-historio and Historic sections of the great Cycles of Life, from the period of At- lantian greatness, to that of the Twentieth Century A.

50 Teltzie VIII — The Great Continent of Atlantis 64 Teltzie IX — Geologic and Geogrlaphic Links and Cycles.

The Rivers, Bays, and Inland Sea of Atlantis 71 Teltzie X — The Mountain Ranges, the Valleys, and the Lakes of Atlantis.

The Periodical Convulsions of Atlantis.

The Minerals of Atlantis 75 Teltzie XI — Atara, the Capitol City of Atl'antis.

The Flowers of Atlantis ....

90 Teltzie XIII — The Flower Vines and Shrub's of Atlantis.

98 Teltzie XIV — The Flower Trees of Atlantis, with pre-historic Links, Ancient 'and Modern Extensions 102 Teltzie XV — The Fruit Trees of Atlantis, with pre-historic Links, Ancient and Modern Extensions 105 Teltzie.

XVI — The Nut and Forest Trees of Atlantis, with pre-historic Links, Ancient and Modern Extensions...

Page Teltzie XVII — The Cereals of Atlantis, with pre-historic Links, Ancient and Modern Extensions 117 Teltzie XiVIII— The Vegetables of Atlantis, with pre-historic Links, Ancient and Modern Extensions 121 Teltzie XIX— The Zoologic Conditions of Atlantis, with pre-historic Links, Ancient and Modem Extensions.

127 Teltzie XX — The Omithologic Conditions of Atlantis, with pre-historic Links, Ancient and Modern Extensions.

155 Teltzie XXI — The Atlantian Alphabet, Figures, Punctuation Marks, Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers, and Cal- endar 173 Teltzie XKII— The Atl'antian Monuments 183 Teltzie XXIII— The Atlanti'an Primitive Temples.

XXXV — The Mosaic Art and Artists, of Atlantis, and pre-historic Egypt, Greece and Italy, with pre-historic Links, and Ancient Extensions 414 Teltzie XXXVI— The Atlantian Sculptors and Sculpture.

The pre-historic Sculptors and Sculpture of Eg)^t (first and second periods), and Assyria,' with pre-historic Links, and Ancient Extensions 434 Teltzie XXXVII — ^The pre-historic Sculptors and Sculpture of Greece (first and second periods), Asia Minor, Italy, Germany, France and Spain, with pre-historic Links, and Ancient Extensions 451 Teltzie XXXVIII— iThe Sculptors and Sculpture of the the Middle Ages and Modem Times 480 Teltzie XXXIX— The Terra Gotta Art and Artists of Atlantis.

The pre-historic Terra Gotta Art and Artists of Egypt, Arabia, Assyria, Greece and Italy, with prehistoric Links, and Ancient Extensions 505 Teltzie XL — The Government of Atlantis.

The Flags of the Six Sections of Atlantis 519 Teltzie XLI— The Religion of Atlantis 526 Teltzie XLII — Ethnographic and Ethnologic Links and Cycles , 541 Teltzie XLIII — Geographic, Geolc^c, Ethnographic and Ethnologic Extensions 557 Teltzie XLIV — Africa.

Three Atlantian tribes and their migrations from Atlantis into regions of the now known Western Continent.

INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS The Supreme Cycles, Epi-cycles and Links 19 Epi-cycle of Life Material 26 Epi-cycle of Space Measurable 32 Epi-cycle of Time Divisible 38 Epi-cycle of Life Spiritual 50 The Map of Atlantis 63 The Map of Atara ^ 83 The Stage of the Capitol of Atl'antis 88 The Atlantian- Alphabet 173 The Atlantian Punctuation Marks 175 The Atlantian Figures 177 The Atlantian Calendar 181 Inscriptions 183 to 186 The Government Monument of Atlantis 187 Inscriptions 192 to 203 The Cycle of Architects 212 The Portrait of Agatha Menkara 215 The Portrait of Shemoz'an 219 The Great Shemozan (Sphinx) at Gizeh, Egypt 221 The Atlantian Cemetteza 227 The Egyptian Itmas 227 The Egyptian Itmases 227 The Assyrian Kisax 227 The Grecian Qxunze 227 The Cycle of Prose Authors 294 The Cycle of Poetry Authors 308 The Cycle of Tone Poets and Musicians 327 Atlantian Music Representations 331 to 337 The letone (an Atlantian Musical Instrument) 341 The Urethea (an Atlantian Musical Instrument) 342 The Ethereleum (an Atl'antian Musical Instrument) 345 The Denondrick (a pre-historic Egyptian Musical Instrument) 351 The Lezro (a pre-historic Grecian Musical Instrument) .

It may seem at first sight that we have crowded the subject with Atlantian terms, but considering the fact that Atlantis and its people have been considered a myth, legendary, or fairy tale, the Atlantian Spirits in charge of the production of this work have thought best to use as much linguistic evidence as possible

Subtnerjifed Atlantis Restored Antonenus, in conformity with this idea, recognized one common Bar'der (substance) as being distributed among countless bodies, which resulted in the phenomena of all substantial, or.

USH NEL'DE LON-TFDRI SI AT'LAN-TIS, OR THE GREAT CONTINENT OF ATLANTIS.

As shown on the foregoing Je'tice of Atlantis, the Lontidri was divided into 6 Telt-zie (Sections or States) which, relatively speaking, would correspond with the various state divi- sions of the United States of America, and were then known as Teltzie' Et, We, Set, Ket, Zret and Sot, or Sections i, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

It was a great musical aistie, and the location of the great instrumental factory of Atlantis.

In connecting the Atlantian Lontidri with the now known Eastern and Western Continents, establishing its boundary line, and further to extend the Great Geographical Cycle of the globe to its present extent and condition, giving the causes and effects leading up to the latter, we do so by establishing Atlantis as the center of the cycle.

Prior to the submergence of Atlantis, there was a great Prish (Bay) or inlet from the Tret-zel'za (Arctic Ocean), then known as the Ex'a-tron, about three leagues in width, located northwest on the now known sections of Norway and Sweden, from which the Amizone received its waters.

proved true, which was the cause of the ultimate sinking and submergence of the great Lontidri of Atlantis, with which many cities, towns, hamlets and settlements, together with millions of people went down and were lost to the knowledge of subsequent peoples on the remnant lands.

Simultaneous with the fires reaching the waters of the Coliete Celet, the same condition and result occurred in the Exatron Prish, which caused a great convulsion that extended from the now known section of Norway and Sweden in Northern Europe, then a part of Atlantis, to the Straits of Gibralter, and still further south-westward.

Thus may we understand what is the meaning of the term "being destroyed by fire." USH A-EL-KE'DE TER-RAN-ZE' SI AT'LAN-TIS, OR THE MOUNTAIN RANGE OF ATLANTIS.

Helena Islands, whose further continuation had also been submerged in the ancient days of Atlantis.

Before the submergence of Atlantis, the terranzi in the southwestern portion, from which the West Indies are remnants, were a part of the Rockies of North America.

These and their adjacent land, connected Atlantis with these two Continents.

The West Indies therefore, are simply mountain peaks of these ranges, located in the submerged portion of South Atlantis.

About 22000 years ago, according to the traditions that were handed down to the Atlantian people of the third Efremetrum, a Teltzie of the pre-historic period of Atlantis, south of their historic Teltzie Sot, and of the southeastern extremity of Teltzie Zret, had been submerged by the waters of the then great Xa-ma'thray (original name of the South Atlantic Ocean, mean- ing great body of water), which was caused by convulsions in that section.

It will be observed that the time intervening the traditional submergence of Gandero, or the Lost Lontidri, said to have occurred 22000 years ago and, 18875 years ago, when the abovenamed system of convulsions began, that ultimately destroyed Atlantis, formed a period of 3125 years, and that the total number of convulsions covered a period of 2375 years, which would make a total of 5500 years, the period of time intervening the traditional Lost Lontidri and the last submergence of Atlantis; which if subtracted from the supposed time of the former, e.

g., 22000 — 5500 — 16500 years, the remote period of time when the Lontidti of Atlantis as a whole became submerged.

USH KIS'TREZ 'A-IS'TIE SI AT'LAN-TIS, OR THE CAPITOL CITY OF ATLANTIS.

Flowers of the choicest varieties that Atlantis could afford.

in the regions of Atlantis, Erothrodia informs us that they had great varieties, some of which closely resembled the classes, orders, genera, species and varieties of modern times.

Thus, from the original Amwa family, at the time of the submergence of Atlantis through the remnant plants left on the border lands of the different hemispheres, and those already indi- genous and contemporaneous with those of the Atlantian Lontidri, have descended upon the Eastern and Western continents such varieties of the land-lilies as are represented by the various species known to modern botanists.

Prior to the submergence of Atlantis, the Rouce was in- digenous in certain districts of the now known Eastern and Western Hemispheres, and at the time of the submergence rem- nant plants were also left in the waters of the borderlands, from which two conditions, the Rouce takes its part as an ancestoral

It was not only a native of Atlantis at the time of the submergence, but indigenous in parts of Egypt and southern Africa at that time, as well as in South America, from which, in connection with the remnants from Atlantis, established the species of their kind, pre-historically known as the Cre'sheck, on the Eastern continent, and the Zel'lus in South America, from which further descended the family Nymphaea Alotus of Egypt; the Nelumbium Speciosum, formerly a native of the Nile ; the Lotus of India and China ; the gigantic Victoria regina of South America, etc.

From this tiny species, by cultivation and development, through the ages, all the white and yellow varieties of the Crezes of Atlantis were established, and finally developed to their grossest size.

At the time of the submergence of Atlantis, the Crezes had spread out into various districts of the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, of both the Eastern and Western Continents, and some of the southern varieties of Atlantis had even found way into South America, all of which in continuation with the Atlantian links of extension, established through their descendants, the plant and flower, pre-historically known as the Ce-bal-a-tea on the Eastern and as the Cath-a-man'ges on the Western Continent, whose further descendants became the prehistoric ancestors of the now known extensive genus Viola, of which there are at least looo varieties.

Submerj^ed Atlantis Restored ens, surrounded with golden-colored anthers, broad obovate, crimson petals with crenate margins, slightly curved at the apex.

At the time of the submergence, remnant vines were left in the tropicsd and sraiid'-tropical border regions of Atlantis, from which descended species pre-historically known as the H6-lu'ce, on the Western Hemisphere, and as the Ken-zgn'ce, on the Eastern, whose descended species became the pre-historic ancestors of 4&ose now known as Tecoma or Trumpet-Flower; the Lonicera sempervereus or Trumpet Honeysuckle and the Caprifolitua Peridymenum or Woodbine.

At the time of the submergence, remnants of the Aculutive were left on the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, that with the indigenous growth on the southern portion adjacent to Atlantis, descended into a genera of trees and shrubs pre-historically known as the Mar'roth on the Eastern, and as the Fra-efriim on the Western, whose further descendants became the pre-historic ancestors of the now known fifteen or more species of the magnolia trees and shrubs.

nection with pre-historic utility, through the Cantilus of Atlantis.

The Kal-lis-te'no or Wer-ee'le {forests) and the E-le^zacs, or Relt'ze (fields) of Atlantis, aggregated in a natural assembly of shade trees, that represented many genera, species and varieties, too numerous to give complete account of in this work ; therefore, we will only give some of the principal ones, that the arborary links in tlie cycle of that branch of vegetation now existing may be linked back to its pre-historic severing, prior to the Atlan- tian submergence that rendered it broken.

Subniers:ed Atlantis Restored of the Atlantian remnants, pre-historically established a species then known as the An-as-te'tmm, on the Eastern, and the Bon-igel'et, on the Western Continent, whose further descendants became the pre-historic ancestors of the genus Traxinus or Ash trees.

It was very beautiful and therefore much cultivated in the parks and about the homes in Atlantis.

There were no high land varieties in Atlantis; that is a subsequent condition, caused by change of location, soil and culture, such as have changed from the original aquatic habit.

Through descendant conditions it has sustained greater changes than any of the cereal plants having their origin in Atlantis and existing modernly.

The Squash (known to the Indians of North America as the Askutasquash, prior to the settlement of the English on the Western Continent) was not known in Atlantis, it being an hybrid descendant from the Enrijoneus and the Caltazook, some of the descendants of which established a species from which descended the Squash.

Submerjfed Atlantis Restored for three or four generations, thus making a complete change again in the species, the result of which may be either from the smaller to the greater, or vice versa, which is the case with physical diversities, even in the same family and the same genera- tion of all races of existence.

At the time of the submergence of the eastern portion of Atlantis, remnants were left on the African continent, from whence they migrated into Asia, and their straight descendants have remained a distinct genus, unaltered to any extent.

They became extinct at the time of the submergence of Atlantis.

At the time of the submergence of the southwestern portion of Atlantis, remnants were forced to migrate into the now known Central American region, whose descendants subsequently migrated through the waters of Central America, Mexico, and Southern United States.

Prior to the establishment of the Great Sahara Desert of Africa, the Syrian and Sandy of Arabia, some migrated eastward out of Atlantis, across Africa, via the borders of the Karuntic Reende (Inland Sea), through the marshes which gave place to the Great Sahara Desert, into Egypt and Northeastern Africa.

It inhabited both the northern and southern portions of Atlantis, those of the northern being the larger.

It was continued in the Arctic Sea after the submergence of Atlantis.

Its legs were long, like the Camel ; it was very speedy, and could endure much hardship ; it was used for the same purposes as is the modern horse ; it inhabited all parts of the Lontidri of Atlantis by nativity and further transportation.

The Ja trix was a mammiferous quadruped that inhabited the southern portions of Atlantis.

The Cas'tus was also a mammiferous quadruped that inhab- ited southern Atlantis.

At the time of the submergence of Atlantis, remnants of both the Jatrix and the Castus, that had migrated to those regions, were left on the Eastern and Western Continents, and some even reached southern Asia.

The Ad u-ac was a ruminant mammal that resembled the Antelope family and originally inhabited Teltzie Et of Atlantis.

The U'trix was a ruminant mammal similar to the Ox or Bos- taurus group of the Bos genus, that inhabited Teltzie Sot of Atlantis, originally, but later became dispersed to other parts of the Lontidri.

The Zeneletrex was an ungulate mammal of Atlantis that resembled the species Rhinoceros unicornus of India, dwelt in the Shii-shac'ze (jungles) and valleys along the mountains of Teltzie Sot, but in every way larger than the modern species.

At the time of the submergence of the northeastern, northern, and northwestern portions of Atlantis, remnants of the various species of the Keltroze were left upon the Eastern and Western Continents to which, prior to the submergence, they had begun to migrate.

Prior to the submergence of Atlantis, some of the straight descendants of the Dezno had migrated into Africa, and ultimately into northwestern India, thence south-wesward into the region of southwestern France, where they remained a distinct race, whose descendants became the pre-historic ancestors of the now extinct genus, Hallodotherium, whose remains have been found in the deposits of the Miocene period.

It ranged along the Amezone, its tributaries and the Inland Sea, small herds had migrated eastward along the watercourses, into northwestern Africa and Spain, and at the time of the establishment of the Sea, some descended herds were left as remnants on both the African and European sections, and those left on the western side of the Sea, in Atlantis, became very numerous- Had it not been for the migrations into Africa and Europe, prior to the submergence of Atlantis, the race would have been entirely lost with the Lontidri.

The Gray Anzos of Atlantis (a mixed breed between the white and black Anzos) were left as remnants on the North Amer- ican Continent, and mixed breeds with the brown remnants, whose descendants became the pre-historic ancestors of the now known species Ursus ferox, or Grizzly Bears.

It was a hybrid offspring from the Letru and the Gelite, the condition having taken place in Atlantis before the time of the submergence, and in that country compared with the Reindeer of the Eastern and Western Con- tinents.

In Atlantis, among the people where the white Gii'it was a native, it was chosen sometimes as a symbol of purity and innocence, and thus retained as a domestic, living image of those principles.

It was the national bird of Atlantis, and its image was used as a representative emblem of perfection, in Art, and the Nation's greatness, displayed in Governmental and Educational buildings, and was always a figure-head in decorative art on public occasions, and was also worn as a badge of brotherhood.

At the time of the submergence of Atlantis, remnants were left on the northern portion of both the East- ern and Western Continents, whose descendants were pre-historically known as the Queg, on the Eastern, and the Te'ze-le-6n on the Western, which became the pre-historic ancestors of the species Aguila chrysstus, the Golden or Mountain Eagles of the inland districts of Britain, the Palsearctic regions generally, and portions of the Nearctic, of both the Eastern and Western Con- tinents.

At the time of the submergence of Atlantis, remnants of the Delis family were left in the British Island regions, and also in the boreal regions of North America.

No bird of Atlantis was so proud and beautiful as the Axzele.

(See Encyclopaedias for description of modern links.) All of these had their ancestry in the Amwa and Unduke of Atlantis, and their present characteristics by the influence of long periods of mixed species and inter-breedings, in the regions of South America, Central America and Mexico.

At the time of the submergence of the southern and southeastern portions of Atlantis, remnants were left on the African continent.

Hybrid conditions between the Xyes, the lista or the Due, already begun in Atlantis, more fully developed after the submergence in the remnants, which established the family Columbidse or Pigeons and Doves.

Submerjced Atlantis Restored legs and beak.

The primitive Mel-la-ces A-gal-teze of Atlantis, Yermah in- forms us, were built without hands, and adorned without the aid of the wealth of mortals, for they were of Nature's forma- tion.

All the carvings on this Agalte were wrought by some of the most talented Celporze (sculptors) of Atlantis, whose works are not surpassed by those of any historic sculptor.

The most famous Agalte of the Lontidri was that of the Temple of the Illustrate Dead Bodies, as before stated, built in one of the suburban districts to the aistie of Atara (see map of Atara), as a repository for Somalez Codize (mummified bodies) of departed celebrities of Atlantis, to which it was dedicated.

It was from this fact that, later in the religious periods of Atlantis, the Efremetrum carried out the same plan of leading the Deltsanza in the Pelzoze, or Agalteze, in continuation of the order established by Gatlins, and continued by Aquelon in the Heltroploxze Pelzoze, of the famous Ceitux Aelkede, near Atara.

As before stated, the supply of Cetelie was cut off at the time of the submergence of Atlantis, hence the art of Somaleus Codi was lost for a time, and for all time, in its more perfect state, on account of the lost substance of Cetelie.

In regard to the Atlantian means of travel, Yermah informs us that animals such as the Hittraina (Horse) and Telzic (Ox) were principally used as "beasts of burden," and to draw vehicles in which the people made local visits; that equestrianism was a favorite practice by both sexes; that the Atlantians generally preferred aerial navigation to that of water, and but few water craft were used for the accommodation of passengers on the local waters; that the Ar-i-dete (name of a water vessel, which means "moving on the waters") was used for freight transportation on the Rigerze (rivers) and Keletze (lakes) ; and that the Kein (a large water craft, the term meaning "swiftness") was used for coast trips on the Alt-lack'e-er (South Atlantic Ocean) ; Ex'atron (Arctic Bay of Atlantis) ; the Re-tex-e-ri'tron (Inland Sea of Atlantis), and some of the largest Keletze of the Lontidri, all of which craft were propelled by electric force.

The Tel'ta A-e'ta in the time of Atlantis (and from which re-embodied ideas have been extended through spirit influence and impression, from time to time, during the development of modern balloons and the ultimate aviators),* was employed to effect rapid transit to distant parts of the globe, not on the surface, but on air strata.

Generally speaking, the Greticze (Architects) of Atlantis designed and also wrought the ornamentations on structures except in large contracts, where more workmen were necessary to complete the work within a given time.

In regard to your query, relative to the Great Sphinx at Gizeh, I will say that the Colossal Shemozan, or now known ' "Sphinx," at the base of the great Pyramid at Gizeh, Egypt, of which so little is known by mortals, was, in one sense, of Atlantian construction and sculpture, it having been designed and constructed by Atlantis Shemozan, the first Shacha (ruler), and his son, Atlantis Saban, the second, and subsequent Shachaza (rulers), descendants of the Cuzetens, which latter-named people were descendants from remnant Atlantians, who survived the • 215

Submerj^ed Atlantis Restored great submergence of the Atlantian Continent, and had settled in the region now occupied by the Great Sphinx.

On account of the surnames, it may seem strange that Atlantis Saban should have been the son of Atlantis Shemozan.

Yer-mah informs us that Saban was the surname of Atlantis Saban's mother, whose maiden name was Jen-cel'la Saban, and who was the eldest daughter of Pel-zona Saban, a wealthy Cuzeten.

It was a custom with the Cuzetens, when there was no male offspring, to perpetuate the surname and inherit the wealth of the grandsire, which was made lawful by a son of the oldest daughter taking his mother's maiden surname, when he became heir of his grandsire's estate, and this was the case with Atlantis Saban, who retained the given name of "Atlantis," in order to become heir to both his father's and grandfather's estates.

With the Cuzetens, the term "Atlantis" was sacred to the memory of their departed Atlantian ancestors, and their original home of Atlantis.

From the fact that the term Atlantis was thus rendered sacred, it was the custom of some of the early Cuzetens to name their first male offspring "Atlantis," and both Atlantis Shemozan and Atlantis Seban had thus received their names.

Subsequently, the term "Atlantis" descended, with but little change, to the body of water now covering the original Continent of Atlantis ; viz., Atlantic.

The term "Atlantic" had its origin and adoption, in contra- distinction to that of "Atlantis," from the fact that in the Atlantian language, the terminal syllable "tis," referred to land; and with the Cuzetens, the terminal syllable "tic," to water; and from the fact that Atlantis as a Continent was covered with "tis," or water, the term "Atlantic" was adopted to convey the meaning.

Atlantis Shemozan and Atlantis Saban were the first two Shachaza of the Cuzetens, in that region, who were esteemed great, as mortal spirits, for having designed and established the constructing of the colossal Shemozan ; and after their disembod-

iment as such, and after they had passed into the spirit existence, were recognized as "gods," under the title of "Atlantis." The surname of "Shemozan" was retained, to identify the now known Sphinx, on account of the illustrious disembodied man having teen the first "Shacha," and the designer of the Sphinx, in the first period of its establishment.

\ The picture shown is from a spirit-drawn crayon portrait of Atlantis Shemozan, whom we have described as the establisher of the great Shemozan, or now known Sphinx of Gizeh, the first great Ruler and Architect of the Atlantian remnant people who settled in the region of Gas'bi-a, or now known district of Cairo and El-Gizeh.

The object below, and to the right, represented an A-6'so, or royal covering, for the head of the supreme ruler of the nation, and was in the style of the one worn by Atlantis Shemozan, the great architect and ruler, and ultimate god of the Cuzetens of Gasbia.

Therefore, the sign was worn by each of the succeeding rulers, from the time of Atlantis Shemozan and his son, Atlantis Saban, and on down, nearly to the time of the first Dynasty of Egypt.

The second greatest Shacha was Atlantis Shemozan, who was a descendant from the Cuzetens, who dwelt in the then known ancient city of Jelt'mis, east of the now known Sphinx, and where Jeltmis, the first great architect, had built the "Temple of Jeltmis," a thousand years before.

Atlantis Shemozan won his title of Shacha, or ruler, by drawing the plan of the great Shemozan, or Sphinx, now having place at Gizeh, Egypt ; a plan which he executed by means of an indelible vegetable juice, and which when complete, was in the form of long tablets, then called Shaz ; i.

At the disembodiment of Atlantis Shemozan, his son, Atlantis Saban, be-came ruler, and continued the work on the image, according to the plans delineated by his father, except that he made a change 220

Atlantis Shemozan, when originating the image, chose the face of a Lion, since it then, as it had been with the Atlantian ancestors, was a symbol of great strength; a characteristic of the animal well known to the peoples of that region, and especially the ancestral portion, who had migrated through Sfury (Africa), to the region of Siloton (Egypt).

All of the body-construction and sculpture of the Shemozan image, and that of the sub-structure, as yet unexplored, were wrought under the supervision of the various Shacha, subsequent to, and beginning with, Atlantis Shemozan, during the period of looo years.

This labyrinthian chamber was the place of the entombment of the remains of all the mortal rulers, or gods, from the time of Atlantis Shemozan and Atlantis Saban, and other rulers who superintended the building of this image, to its completion (down even to the time of the erection of the early pyramids).

After Atlantis Shemozan passed to the spirit world, he, as the god of the people, or as a spirit, returned to the subsequent rulers, thus to inspire, direct and influence them, to carry out his original plan, to the finish, which completed his principal mission on the earth plane.

For in that period of time, "spirit return" and "communion," as they were in Atlantis, were far in advance of modern times.

The image, therefore, of Atlantis Shemozan, was worshipped as one of the principal gods of that period of time.

Returning to Atlantis, Yermah informs us that the Atlantian Gretictor had arrived at a point of perfection which embraced the grandest specimens of the orders, Til'ze (similar to the Ionic), the I-the'ze (similar to the Caryatic), both being preva- lent in Teltzie Et, though the former was really the national style of that Teltzie; the Nii-zeleth (similar to the Doric), the national style of Teltzie Set, though there was a dispersement of the Itheze style in parts of the Teltzie; and the Ad'mus (similar to the Corinthian), the national style of Teltzie Zret.

5, Plate I.) This is in representation of the one that had place at the entrance to the grounds of the great Deakeal, or Capitol, of the Lontidri of Atlantis, in the aistie of Atara.

This entire Cemetteza was perfectly plain (though most of the Cemetteza' that gave entrance to other public and private grounds were elaborately ornamented with sculptures, represent-ing the human, the animal, and vegetable life), excepting the above-described work of Adolphus and Liusron, which gave to it a noble and stately appearance, and being composed entirely of Wilse Signitie, symbolized "purity of action in the adjustment of all civil matters," and the whole assemblage of the Cemetteza, the "utility of the great Deakeal." After the submergence of Atlantis, and therefore after the destruction of all the Gretictor, and memorials of it, except such as existed in the minds of the remnant people on the various borderlands, the Art of Architecture had to be re-established in the remnant world, by the descendants of the remnant peoples, aided by spirit influence.

Hence, by advanced spirit forces, and the mental development of architects, have arisen such wonderful architectural monuments as now exist, wherein the columns and arches are at once the chief characteristics, and the links that connect Atlantis to the Eastern and Western Continents, in the great Cycle of Archi- tectural events.

Therefore, when the remnant peoples of Atlantis were migrating to the various sections of Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America, we note the spirit influence of those disembodied Greticze at work from the spirit side of life, endeavoring to inspire their mortal brethren with architectural ideas, such as they saw would achieve the greatness of the art as now extant over the Globe, if developed.

Submers^ed Atlantis Restored six hundred yards long now, and contains about forty stones, many others having been removed, probably for subsequent constructions.

It was from this procedure that the idea of entombment of the bodies of celebrities originated, and was more completely carried out, in the structure of the Great Shemozan, and later, in the Cazudas; the fact that forms the links to which we must connect the Atlantian practice of placing their mummified bodies in the Great Temple of the Illustrate Dead Boaies; though the original idea of entombing bodies is more properly to be traced back to the Hel'tro-plox-ze An-ze-ret'ze (Cave Tombs) of Atlantis.

tricts of Hayti, Yucatan and Honduras.) It was this pure stock of Gurenzes (remnants from the Atlantians of Teltzie Zret), who retained the knowledge of the great cave structures, or teniples of Atlantis, and who handed it down to their descendants and utiUzed it themselves, in connection with spirit revelations and inspirations, from which resulted the construction of most of the great pre-historic structures, the remains of which now exist, and will yet be discovered, throughout Central America and Mexico (and even many more that lie in ruins buried beneath the earth's surface or hidden in the fastness of the forests).

It might be well to note here that the idea of th'eJ Caryatic order, originally, came from the use of human figures on the architectural structures of Atlantis, and thus influenced by Atlantian spirits, those who gave it forth to the sensitives of these periods.

George Edmund Street, one of tHe ablest architects of the nineteenth century, we have chosen to represent the latter links in the great Gothic Epicycle, that moved on the deferent of the Great Architectural Cycle during the nineteenth century, and Gothic influence originated by Adolphus of Atlantis, who planned his own palace in Atara, Atlantis, the sole structure, of that style, on the Lontidri at the time of the submergence, that is, of any note, re-embodied in the Pointed Architecture in the minds of the Roman architects ; modifled by the Romanesque, the Lombard, and the Byzantine of Europe; having thus arisen in the fourth century, and been subverted, in the twelfth, by the Pointed Arch, through various nations.

The first records and historic writings, of Atlantis, were placed on tablets and monuments of stone.

The art of printing was discovered a few years before the last of the great convulsions that caused the total submergence of Atlantis.

At the time of the submergence of Atlantis, nearly all the knowledge, and achievements, of Literature and Art, were archived beneath the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, with the peo- ples.

Many of the islands went down from time to time, in the immediate future, subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis, which caused a terminal loss of the products and records of the artists, in all branches.

During the long ages that intervened between the submergence of Atlantis and the Modern-Ancient historic period, literature and literary styles were re-established in Arabia, Egypt, Greece, etc., as will be seen by our data, given under the various sections.

As the pre-historic ancients, who dwelt on the yet remaining islands in the Atlantic Ocean, and the border-lands of Atlantis; now the Eastern and Western Continents, who had some knowledge of the great achievements of the Atlantian Zeuleze, passed from the material life, their descendants, through various changes during a period of four thousand years, became ignorant of the Zeuleus, so highly developed by their Atlantian ancestors.

Beginning with the early part of the second Efremetrum of Atlantis, there were various Pret'ze (Poets) in the northern and northeastern portions of the Lontidri, and especially in the vicinity of Atara, as that was the center of Atlantian Art and Literature.

And she influenced the people of Atlantis by her expressions of light, and thus drew them from the sombre confines of life into conditions more elevated and spiritual.

Passing from the greatness of the Ev'li-am Osk-ley-ze (Lit- erary Authors) of Atlantis, through the epi-cycle of Pretlex, under the ascendant influence of Jayeltox, Xedrix and their contemporaries, together with influences coming to them more an-« cient, as of Wrigvex, Moetry and their ,contemporaries, who during subsequent ages, from the spirit realm of the Cycle, held their severed links to the surface of the briny deep, as it were, for the purpose of re-welding and reconstructing, literature, and for the continuity of the literary influence ; until, so to speak, the pre-historic celebrities, alert in that period of time, literally caught sight of the "gleaming links" through the white crests of the blue ocean waves, and felt at last the influence of the Pretz Oskleyze, of the long submerged Atlantians; heard the "spiritechoes" from their submerged lyrics and epics, as they vibrated over the spirit epi-cycle, in continuation of the songs and recita- tion models of the long past.

Entering the pre-historic period, some time between Atlantis and the time of Homer, we find the poetic spirit-influence began its work in the region of Arabia, where the idea was conceived

This style now characterizes Hawaiian musicians, in the use of the guitar and mandolin, a style re-embodiment inspired by the influence of Atlantian spirits, or kresteonze, of the long-agone submerged Atlantis, who have never lost or forgotten the beautiful, concordant, soft, gliding and attractive qualities, that characterized the krest of that period, in the great Art Cycle.

Therefore, the re-embodiment influence of the "art music" began its develop- ment in the minds of the remnant Atlantian descendants, in the region of Siloton (Egypt), in the early pre-historic period, when E-dam-et'kar'a-mar* (instrumental music) and Ziix kara mar* (vocal music) were established in Egypt ; which facts entitle that section to be considered the "mother country of pre-historic music, and the welding link in music" between Atlantis and an- cient and modern countries, though the influence was soon after felt in the many regions to which the descended peoples were migrating- •Pre-hlstoric Egyptian term.

During the time, therefore, that intervened between the submergence of Atlantis and the historic time of Egypt, karamar, both vocal and instrumental, had developed to a considerable degree, under the influence of the then known mortal karlamar or instrumentalists, and zexes or vocalists.

Thus came, from the crude art of "time keeping" by stamping the feet, and clapping the hands, as practised among the eastern pre-historic descendants from Atlantis, something that opened the door, or the descended minds, for the conception of rythmic masurement, which they manifested by the adoption of instruments of percussion, as drums, cymbals, bells, and triangles, that have led up to the present modern perfection, by a development of that pre-historic re-incarnation of mental influence.

These, the first greatest celebrities in the epoch, we have chosen as fitting subjects to join hands with Trexler and Ereges, the last two greatest of the Atlantian kresteonze of that classical, pre-historic epoch, as periodical links in the great Cycle of Music, by which we are able to continue the influence of the art of krest or music, that was established in Atlantis, and re-established by the remnant descendants, whose genius, under spirit-influence, and further development through the first seventeen centuries of the Christian era, has welded the links in the broken cycle and restored the greatness of the Atlantian Art, though under modi- fied conditions and utiHties.

Hiller, Cramer, Hummel, Spohr, von Weber, Meyerbeer, Hauptman, Moscheles, and Schubert, to represent the greatness of the latter part of the cycle, and to join hands with Rundzey and Extody, the first greatest noted Kresteonze of Atlantis, thus to connect up the pre-historic and historic events of this Cycle.

Passing from the influence of the latter period of Atlantis, to the Sen-ner'ze (painters) ken Sen'trix (and paintings) si Si-lo'- ton (of Egypt), we are further informed, by Anstacia, that tlie art of painting as also of sculpture, had its more remote origin in that country, and subsequently was re-established, in various pre-historic sections of the country, through spirit influence upon the minds of sensitives in those regions, who were artistically inclined.

These became pre-historic links, leading up to that class of ornamentation practised in ancient and modern times, and were the means of developing his own artistic nature, which had an influence on the advancement of ornamental art, of that kind, and therefore a link that connects Atlantis with Ancient and Modern development of lawn decoration.

His cumzo- lend were utilized for interior ornamentation exclusively, and were pre-historic links that connected Atlantis with Ancient and Modern art, relative to coloring and home decorations.

His work was the pre-historic link, connect-ing Atlantis with the Ancient and Modern art of Full Form representation," "blending of colors," and "expression,' 'which they led up to.

He continued his development as a cumzo, until he became quite expert in the principle of life-expression; and his cumzolend, thus developed, made the pre-historic link that connects Atlantis with the Ancient and Modern art, of grouping human form-subjects in painted representations, Hfe-expression, and the ultimate use of oil body work, and varnish finishings, such as are used in the development and completion of paintings- His name was given him after the name of the town, the difference being in the last syllable which was a part of his mother's name, in exchange for the last syllable of the name of the town, a custom in those days, of honoring the mother's maiden name.

His art work, like that of Ferenoso, was a link that led up to general art delineation, thus connecting Atlantis in that respect, with the art that belongs to Ancient and Modern times.

After the characters were thus outlined, with the concussion stone, he painted the black with a substance then known as ba-si-e', the same as what is now known as carbon, and with sel'ce-lic, now known as graphite.* This style of cutting, and painting characters, as originated in Etzantuan, was one of the pre-historic links that connects Atlantis with the ancient and modern Art of Monumental marking, whereby religious and historical ideas, epitaphs, memorial records etc-, have been, practically speaking, expressed in innumerable instances.

This was a pre-historic link, connecting Atlantis with Ancient and Modern periods, and led up to the ultimate ornamental work, of that style, both in Painting and Sculptural Carving, now known as one of the modern Arts- Sen-se-c6'zy, a pre-historic palzaco, was a descendant from the Jeretheans of Etzentuan, and came into the earth life about five hundred years before the Adomic period, and lived to the mortal age of one hundred years.

Therefore, Plaizo established the pre-historic link that connects Atlantis with the ancient and modern periods, in regard to the knowledge of mixing paints, an art that has led up to the marvelous art of staining and ornamenting glass, so universally wrought and utilized, in ancient and modern times.

This caused him to establish other colorings than black, to which he added the green and the red ; therefore, his influence upon subsequent preltze was very advantageous, and a pre-historic link that connected Atlantis with the art of ancient and modern painting, such as has portrayed natural landscapes in all seasons of the year; wild and domestic animal life; and set the law for artistic principles laid down in perspectography, especially that of the art of representing, or delineating on plane surfaces, objects as they appear to the eye, from any given distance or situation.* Anstacia informs us that had the mortal life of Echurham continued longer, his artistic productions, already very fine, would have been still superior, from the fact that he was highly developed at the time of his disembodiment.

The preltzus of Lintezone were pre-historic links that connect Atlantis with Ancient and Modern life and landscape representation, by the art of painting; and especially the representation of temples, churches, and other public buildings, and the interior and exterior ornamentation, on their facades and windows, so vastly represented throughout the districts of the earth.

His influence, therefore, was solely for a further development of the art of preltzus, already established, a fact that led up to the same linkings, thus connecting Atlantis with the ancient and modern art developments.

The sandpe, thus originated by Zewandi, is a pre-historic link that connects Atlantis with the ancient character-writing, and the ultimate monumental inscrip- tions of both ancient and modern times.

SMbmerged Atlantis Restored Wliiie he executed the forms all in white, he represented the kair and beard in black ; and the forms were nearly all represented as nude, though in his later productons, he draped the loins with black garments.

His productions were used by his friends and patrons as home ornaments, and were pre-historic links connecting Atlantis with ancient and modem periods, in the art of coloring and architectural painting.

Therefore all the foregoing works of Titian give evidence of his great influence over contemporary and subsequent artists, through his technical usage, both in fresco and oil painting, regarding color tone, luminosity, richness, texture, true representation of subjects, dignity and grace of pose, profound expression, sublime beauty, and the rendition of technical art, grand and beautiful in every detail ; all of which afford him the honor of being one of the most important epi-cycle links, influentially, that connects the great artistic works of Atlantis, re-embodied in the works of the pre-historic artists, with the Ancient and the Modern epi-cycles that move on the deferent of the great Art Cycle of Painting.

His fine painting, in representation of the "Flaying of Marsyas," is a re-embodied idea from the influence of antique sculp- ture; hence, an extended influential idea re-developed from the works of Uthre, Axtrey, Adolphus and Entize, of Atlantis, and through those of Conetry of Elteze (Arabia) ; Edelmaze and Ledelmoz, Denvoses and Tonoka of Siloton (Egypt) ; Debalbus and Tindegin of Mequethus (Assyria) ; Therenze, Chalsemenus, Mel- seos and Secolus, of Zanzureta (Greece) ; Prozelzo and Callenze, of Etzentuan (Italy) ; Pedizeustes of Falkaleit (France) ; Kit-recon and Multsy of Sederone (Spain) ; and further re-embodied, through the works of ancient sculptors, under spirit inspiration and guidance.

USH ZI'TE ZE-U'LE-US ENT AT'LAN-TIS, OR THE MOSAIC ART IN ATLANTIS.

The Zi'te Ze-ule-iis or Tessellate style of Art work, had its origin, or remote ideal embodiment, in Atlantis, where before the close of the third Ef rementrum, or the time of the great submergence, it had developed into quite a degree of perfection, in regard to condition and practical usage.

Theopzy, a zite zeule (mosaic artist) who was a native of Teltzie Et, and who diwelt and woriied in the aistie of Atara, principally, beginning with the last half .of the second Efremet- rum, and extending beyond the first half of the third, w^as th,g original establisher and developer of that style of art in Atlantis.

In the vaulting, to the left of the altar, are some fine mosaics of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, as in the central dome, Christ is represened as commanding his disciples to baptise the gentiles in his name; other representations are relative to the life of John the Baptist, etc., all of which give evidence of the force of embodiied and re-embodied idea, giving expression through the mosaic art, and having its first embodiment in Atlantis; pre-historically

The extension of this art has been and is too vast to enumerate in this work; but suffice it to say that the influence, in reality, trends back to the Atlantian period, when similar work was practised in the Monumental and other Engravings, and through the works of Theonzy and Emucu, of Atlantis ; re-embodied in the pre-historic tracings of Menara and Matheus, of Siloton; Ferenoso of Mequethus ; Pietrus and Telgus of Zanzureta ; Palceiro and Balzaric of Etzentuan, and painters of regions previously named.

These latter are among the finest of the re-embodied ideas, so numerous in Italy, all of which are extended, developed, idealistic re-embodiments, whose original conceptions date back from Atlantis, borne along on the epicycles of mosaic art, as they have rotated on the deferent of the Great Mosaic Art Cycle throughout the Pre-historic, the Ancient, the Mediaeval and the Modern periods of time.

His most noted work was the e-es'tin ze Gal'tha-za (statue of Galthaza), the first Efremet- rum* of Atlantis.

Therefore, he was the originator of wood-carving, in Atlantis.

He continued his labor and influence until the time of the great submergence, when he and all of his works, together with all the other great achievements of Atlantian zeuleze, with his beloved Atara and the Lontidri of Atlantis, sank beneath the waves of the now mighty Atlantic Ocean.

Passing into Elteze (Arabia), we are further informed by the spirit of Alchelet, that tlje Eltezean cistareeres ma cinstry (Arabian sculptors and sculpture) were not as plentiful in Elteze, or as fine, as in Atlantis, excepting in some of thft monu- mental works of the cistareeres.

Passing the crude ideas conceived and wrought by early rem- nant descendants of Atlantis, or the cinstry established through the influence of primitive spirit impressions, we take up the cycle of cinstry about 6ooD B.

Passing from the celporze nud ush zeuleus ze celportic of the last days of Atlantis, to the ma-ras'ze ken ma-rases si Si-lo'ton, or sculptors and sculpture, of Egypt, Anstacia informs us that the Art of Sculpture had its rise in that country, and after the submergence of Atlantis ; and that it was re-established in various pre-historic sections of the Eastern Continent, through spirit influence, co-operative with mortal spirit sensitives, whose minds were artistically inclined.

We weld them into the remote celportic, wrought by the celporze of the latter days of Atlantis.

The latter group, Anstacia informs us, was one of the finest sculptural representations ever wrought by a leading sculptor of any nation, since those men of Atlantis, so long before, submerged from mortal sight.

He was by nature a Cacella (medium), who was influenced by the spirit of Quin'te-loz, the principal Celpor (sculptor), who designed and carried out the Celportic (sculpture) on the Temple of the Illustrate Dead, in Atlantis.

work, unrivaled by any continental example, was done by a nonhistoric sculptor by the name of De-6'pe-les, who, being a spirit sensitive, was influenced by an Atlantian spirit sculptor, who had been, in Atlantis, an expert at foliage sculpture.

The idea of the interior and exterior statuary ornamentation, on the Chapel of Henry VII, was an inspiration received by the above named non-historic sculptors, and further carried into effect by the influence of an Atlantian spirit sculptor ; and therefore was an extended idea link from his knowledge of the statuary on the great Temple of the Illustrate Dead, of Atlantis.

Passing with the prehistoric influence of the Pe-di'zer-us Benz Pe-dl-zer-iis'tes De Fal'ka-leit (sculptors and sculpture of France) and making our connections with the twelfth century links in the extension of the Epi-cycle of Sculpture, we note the great influence of great sculptors as manifested through their works, the finest in the world and of great profusion, as on the facades of the large cathedrals covered with sculptural reliefs and thickly set rows of statues in niches ; in fact the whole front a huge composition of statuary, which idea was re-embodied by the various sculptors, under the influence of Atlantian spirit celporze (sculptors), who had wrought on the great Temple of the Illustrate Dead, in Atlantis ; e.

USH MIZ-I-AM'BI-A ZE-U-LE'US ZE AT'LAN-TIS OR THE TERRA-COTTA ART OF ATLANTIS.

He was the originator of the art, in Atlantis, and at first his works were simple as compared with those of his latter years.

life ; is a fact which makes them fitting links with which to connect up the Epi-cycle of Terra-Cotta Art, from Atlantis, through pre-historic and ultimate extensions, into the Ancient and Modern establishments of the Art whereby and through which, manifestations have been made, and left as archaeologic evidence ol aforetime history influence, during the events of past time in extension of this Art.

cotta work, of antequated' time, to that of the third Efremetrum of Atlantis; and its influence as having extended into the modern, thus to estabHsh the Terra-Cotta Art, and all its offspring ideas, as they have been and are nowr moving, with their respective epi-cycle influences, on the deferent of the Great Art Cycle.

Satiro, at Milan, Guido Mazzoni and Begarelli for the churches in Modena, etc., etc., which afford us sufficient links with which to establish the continued extension of the Epi-cycle of Terra-Cotta Art, as it has moved on the deferent of the Great Art Cycle from the time of Atlantis to the present century, under the influence of mortal and spirit artists, in co-operation with the laws governing Natural Art.

Coming into the more modern part of the epi-cycle, we find this art manifesting through architectural designs, on buildings, as those that ornament the museum of South Kensington, Albert Hall, etc., and the great utility of terra-cotta in architectural ornamentation, in all its varied styles, which is an ultimatum arising as a diversity from the embodied and re-embodied ideas of Terra- Cotta Sculpture, having its origin in Atlantis, as evidenced by their architectural ornamentation, and thus extended down through the Pre-historic and Ancient conceptions, to the Modern, monumental evidences of which, architecturally and otherwise, are widely disbursed over Europe and other countries, on and within existing buildings of public utility ; and collectively, as reminiscent evidences of past greatness, as in the Louvre; the British Museum ; the Museums of Berlin and Athens ; South Ken sington Museum; the famous Sabarouff collection in the Hermitage Palace at St.

Here we leave the reader to search the historic zones of the Great Art Cycles, for other influential links than we have pointed out, thus to strengthen the extension of each, and further aid in the revealment of facts that shall ultimately make the restoration of Atlantis and its greatness, to such an extent as to establish in the minds of mortals the fact of its influence upon the minds of pre-historic peoples, similarly extended unto the peoples of Ancient and Modern periods, thus brought them through the force of Spirit intelligence, manifesting through the mortal.

USH DEL-ZE-MAR'IC SI ATLANTIS, OR THE GOVERNMENT OF ATLANTIS.

The following general information in regard to Atlantis and the various links leading up to modern times, has been given to us by Alem Prolex, our Del'zo (chief) Atlantian Spirit Director, son of Entitha and Atcelina Prolex, and third Efremetrum of the Lontidri of Atlantis, wrho bore a threefold title by which he was recognized among his people.

In regard to the Del-ze-mar-ic-ses (Governmental) affairs of Atlantis, in comparison with those of other Del-ze-mar-ics (Governments) of ancient and modern times, we are informed by Alem Prolex, that each Teltzie had its Kistrez aistie (Capital city) where the Deltsanz (Teacher or Governor) presided, as is the case with Capital cities and Governors of the United States of America.

He furthermore informs us, that after passing to spirit life, he and others who cared to seek for them, learned many facts concerning the antiquity of Atlantis, that had never been discovered by the people of the latter age of the Lontidri.

FLAGS OF ATLANTIS There were in all, six Delzemaric Ge-el'ze (Government Flags) as represented on the following page.

USH NE-RE'GES SI AT'LAN-TIS, OR THE RELIGION OF ATLANTIS

The women of Atlantis, under the Atlantian laws, were equals of men, morally, socially, religiously, and politically, and an Atlantian mother was regarded with the utmost reverence and affection.

Alem Prolex further informs us that no nation oh the face of the earth has ever come closer to the great "Over Spirit" and "Over Soul," or attained a greater knowledge of their mani- festations through nature, than did the Atlantians, and that the deltsanza of Atlantis, were not only well versed in all spirit phenomena, or manifestations, but, in the Sciences, as Astronomy, Astrology, Physiology, Botany, etc.

This Epi-cycle, among the list of manifesting principles or connecting links between spirit and mortal life, though eclipsed for a time, on the mortal side, by the establishment of creeds, is fast coming to light again by its influence, through varied phenomenal manifestations, which fact will so re-establish links of Truth, in the place of those belonging to long accepted Creeds, as to remove the eclipse that has so long overshadowed the truth ; and the Spirit Cycle, in all its glorified illumination will encircle humanity on the mortal side of life, as well as in tlie spiritual, as was the case in the glorious period of Atlantis.

There is yet a remnant of the descendants of that people in the southern portion of that island, not known to moderns, though by explorations already made, fossil remains of skeletons and rude weapons have been found, which belonged to the descend- ants of that people, whose original link was the Drezalancoshans of the southern portion of Teltzie Sot of Atlantis.

Finally, in regard to the inhabitants of Atlantis, as is the case on all continents, there were degrees of development and civilization among them, according to local conditions, and the periods of time with which they were contemporaneous.

Great as are the Nations of the twentieth century, yet they have not equalled those of this portion of Atlantis, in Art, Sculp- ture, Architecture, and the Sciences.

In order ti; properly trace thi; Geograpr.'c, Geologic, Ethnographic and Ethnologic extensions from Atlantis, as they really had place during the time intervening between that period and the twentieth century of the Christian era, we shall 'be governed in that of the former two by the order in which the convulsions occurred, in the variouse regions at various periods of time and place, which resulted in the present contours of land and water on the earth's sphere ; and the latter two, by the migratory con- ditions of the remnant peoples, resulting in the present distribution of the various races of peoples, thus linking the Atlantian, the pre-historic, the modern-ancient and modern racial events, in the establishment of the historic cycle belonging to these subjects.

Submersed Atlantis Restored the Zanranzans.

About looo years subsequent to the final submergence of Atlantis, there began a system of two sectional convulsions, to the south and southeast of the now known coast of Africa.

At the time of the submergence of the southern portion of Teltzie Sot of Atlantis, and prior to the arrival of the A-dal'ni-ens, in their Nic-a-phi-le'tus, a remnant of the Schanandarits ens, in their NTc-a-phi-16'ciis, a remnant of the Schanandarits from the southern portion of Teltzie Sot, were left upon the islands that then had place along the coast of the section of country now known as Angola, Africa, who soon passed from the islands into various parts of the latter-named section, and in subsequent time, congregated into a tribe, at which time they termed the now known section of Angola A-nan'des (meaning the barren land), and called themselves the Sen'de-lands (meaning "saved from the waters").

The original stock of Sendelands and their descendants, who like the Kintilucians of the northern branch of migrators across Sfury) did not mingle races with the southern migrators from the Horziethan nation, generally speaking, excepting a few straggling tribes, hence (like the Kintilucians, or Caucasians, and the Cuzetens, or Egyptians) retained, as far as possible, under the conditions of new locations and many ages of descendancy, the characteristics of their primitive ancestors, the Schanandarits of Teltzie Sot; and therefore, are the ancestors of the now known thirty-eight tribes, as classed in the "Western Group," of South African Negroes, and direct descendants from Teltzie Sot, of Atlantis.

The Adalnienes of Nicaphiletus, and their descendants, be-came the pre-histbric ancestors of the Khoi Khoin (men of men) or Quae Quae, Kwekhena, t'Kuhkeub, as they term themselves, or now known Hottentots, and their original distinctness, as a primitive race, from all the other African races on the continent, is due to the fact that they are a direct descended race from the Horziethas, not having mingled races with the Sendelands, or ancestors of the Negro race proper ; the mixed race of Atarians and Schirants, or ancestors of the Bushmen; or the U-re-an'- lens, who were the ancestors of the Kaffres; hence, are close representatives of the Zanranzans of Zanranza, or Cape Verdi Islands, and more primitively speaking, the mixed race of the better class of Schirants of Teltzie Sot and Atarians of Teltzie Et, who at the time of the submergence of Teltzie Sot, were left as a remnant on the Islands, and therefore, as the Caucasians, through their having descended from the Kintilucians, and the Egyptians, through their having descended from the Cuzetens, were direct descendants from the Lontidri of Atlantis, so were the Hottentots by having descended from the Horziethas, especially so, the pure Namaqua and Oerlaama tribes.

His leather brown-colored skin; oval face; prominent, projecting cheek bones; black, dark chestnut, wide-apart eyes; broad, thick nose, flat at the roots; pointed chin; large mouth, with thick, turned-up lips, woolly hair that grows in short, thick, curly tufts on his head, and very scant beard, are conditioned characteristics, modified and varified, and thus developed through the mixture of the Schirant and the Atarian races, together with the influences that have arisen from the migration pursued from Atlantis to Southern Africa.

Prior to the great convulsion that caused the submergence of Teltzie Sot, Atlantis, there was a very low tribe who dwelt in the northeastern portion of Teltzie Sot, who through contentious conditions, were caused to secede from the main colony of Schirants, of north Teltzie Sot, and therefore migrated to the extreme northeast portion of the Teltzie where they, as a very small tribe, led a nomadic life, under crude and degenerate con- ditions.

Their dirty, yellow-colored skins have been thus characterized through the descended conditions arising from the co-infusions of the white Atarian and black Schirants blood, as established in their primitive home of Teltzie Sot, Atlantis, and their other physical characteristics are due to the same degenerate conditions.

In making the ethnographic and philologic connections from Atlantis to Siloton, through Sfury, thus re-establishing and re-extending the facts relative to the above-named principles, or epi-cycles, as they evolved in pre-historic time, we must do so through the.

g., let us begin with the remnant tribe of Schirants from Teltzie Sot, and that of the Atarians from Teltzie Et, of Atlantis, who crossed to Sfury ; viz., the remnants of the Atlantian Lontidri, now.

Likewise, the remnant tribes of Lextelonzes and Cletrezonzes from Teltzie Set, of Atlantis, who crossed to Sfury via: the remnants of Atlantian land, now known as the Azores, the Madeira and the Canary Islands of the Atlantic Ocean, and their descendants, the Keselzas and the Kadioes who crossed northern Sfury, and their descendants who ultimately became the Kasa- manzes, of Gasbia, where the blood of the Kalluthians and the Kasamanzes was united by race mixture.

Furthermore, in the evolution of the epicycle, their descendants the Cuzetens likewise became the prehistoric ancestors of the Ancient Egyptians, a fact therefore, that connects the Atlantian influences to a certain degree, through the pre-historic Cuzetens, to their ultimate descendants, the Egyptians, which latter are the strongest stock representatives on the continent of Sfury, of the pre-historic and long since submerged Atlantian nation, having thus been characterized by a few broken, remnant links from the ethnographic and philologic epi-cycles as they evolved from Atlantis through the great eastern dual migration, during many pre-historic ages, by which we are able to connect the Atlantian people of the northern and southern Teltzie of the Lontidri, with the Ancient Egyptians ethnographically and philologically.

The Egyptians have retained much of the physical and linguistic characteristics that were possessed by their near ancestors the Cuzetens, but being thus far removed from the cycle of Atlantian greatness, such as characterized certain Teltzie of the Lontidri, especially that of Atara could not therefore, exactly correspond ethnographically or philologically with Atlantis and its peoples generally speaking, but enough of the Atlantian in- fluence has descended through the above named races and their migration, to not only effect the physical appearance of the original Egyptians, but their philologic characteristics as well.

In the first place, the above named influences were taken into Ze-las-si-6s and Ker'i-wansk, or the Azores, Maderia, and Canary Islands by the Lextelonzas and the Cletrezonzes of Teltzie Set, Atlantis, where the mixture of each characteristic had its beginning.

of descendants and migrations from, Atlantis to Gasbia.

Therefore, the Egyptian language and the characters representing it, are the closest representatives of that of Atlantis in evidence of the philologic re-establishment, and re-extension of that principle must be made on the continent of Africa.

In fact, the Egyptian are the only preserved ancient records of the Hamitic language, and bear evidence of the broken epi-cycle that had evolved from Atlantis to Egypt.

About 4000 years subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis,

Lava will be thrown up, that in subsequent time will be much sought after, as was the case with similar eruptive material in Atlantis, by the Atlantians, it being very useful for both ornamental and substantial constructing purposes.

About 2000 years, subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis, ' 595

and colonies, from the time of the final submergence of Atlantis to the meeting and separation of the Rezendeths, the Hisocks, the Ackredeths and loxens in Siaza, that section is the link between the East and the West, which welds pre-historic and antequated migratory conditions, to those of the modem or present time.

Subiner8:ed Atlantis Restored was located in a large valley northeast of the now known town of Semnoon.

The above named flood was almost as disastrous as was that wihch submerged Atlantis, the difference being only in the final removal of the waters from the earth's surface in that section at the time of the flood, and the non-occurrence of severe convulsions beneath the earth's surface at the time of the flood.

Submerjgi^d Atlantis Restored at the point.

Ages prior to the submergence of Atlantis, that portion of country now known as the Great Sahara Desert district, Africa, was somewhat mountainous.

At the time of the various Atlantiah cotivulsiofts that occur-red on the easterii side of the Ldntidri, the waters were partially di-^wiioff, and at tHe time of the final' subniergeflde of Atlantis, the Great Sahara Desert district was practically drained, which after further absorptibn and evaporation, took on its present condition as a' desert; At the time that the Horziethas were migrating across, and' settling: in the regions of central Sfury (Africa); they tertned the desert Sahara, which has been handed ddWM' f r6m' that time, with' but^ little change, ^ i.e., only in the pronunciation of the' vowels; the name having been' suggested- to the people by the sound of a water-fall of a stream in the mountainous section, near the subterrene lake, or Skadash above referred to.

About 1 1, GOO years subsequent to the final submergence of Atlantis, there began a great compound system of convulsions that had place in different portions of the section now known as the Bay of Bengal, and was the next greatest system of convulsions to that of Atlantis, excepting that of the Great Eastern Archipelago, the world has ever known.

Siibmerg^ed Atlantis Restored strong peoplCj but wifi're very lazy and inactive.

E-tre-the'6n was the second pre-historic name of Europe, so changed by common consent of the peoples of the western portion of the country, about the beginning of the Adomic period, and so remained until the time of Roman and Grecian fame, when a shorter term' was desired, and therefore was changed again to that of Europe, the term meaning binding or bound together-About two hundred years subsequent to the final submergence of Atlantis, there began a system of seven periodical convulsions that occurred in northwestern Europe.

Prior to the submergence of Teltzie We of Atlantis, there began a mingling of races that brought quite a change ethnographically, to the remnant descending races, viz: the Nin'ka- zits of the southern portion of the Teltzie, had mixed to a certain extent with the Lel'ta-zats of the southeastern portion, when the submergence took place in that section.

They manufactured a very pretty cloth, by weaving hair and fibres into a combination, that when trimmed, resembled the modern plushes, or Brussel fabrics, only of a cruder texture of course-In regard to religion, about the time that the four remnant nations from Atlantis, above referred to, had become established as the Zrineth nation, they recognized a Great Spirit as the ruling force of creation, which they termed Te-rii'she, which meant Great Spirit.

At the time of the submergence of Teltzie Et, or Atara o{ Atlantis, remnants of the Kin'ti-lu-ci-ans, a sect who dwelt in the eastern portion of that Teltzie, were left on the land which ultimately became the now known Madeira and Canary Islands.

In Atlantis, they were known as possessing the peculiar characteristic, of remaining absolutely secluded from all the other Atlantian peoples, a fact that arose from their extreme sensitiveness, which latter was caused by their being a highly magnetic people, or electric by nature, either being productive of sensitiveness, according to the degree possessed, which caused them to shrink from all peoples aside from their own kindred, which latter they expressed great affection for.

About five hundred years prior to the submergence of Atlantis, a great convulsion occurred in two sections, and had place in the region between the now known islands of Iceland and Spitzbergen.

About five hundred years subsequent to the final submergence of Atlantis, there began a system of ten periodical con- vulsions, that occurred throughout southern Europe, and the great country of Cojel.

Subinerg:ed Atlantis Restored a river that was also termed Kidelmush (then considered as a continuation of the former) that flowed in a zig-zag form south, southeast, north, and again southeast, along what is now known as the section of Ust Urt, where it was met by the Kal'siis river, the outlet of Lake Kalceus.

About 4000 years subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis, a powerful convulsion occurred, that had place in the section of country now known as the central portion of the "Yenisei Bay," south of "Nova-Zembla." At the time of that great convulsion, all the section of country between northeast Cape, and Nova- Zembla, and west, and southwest of the latter, was a land of frozen ice and snow, which by the power of the convulsion, be-came submerged by the now known "Arctic Ocean." A range of snow-clad Shul'te-zones (mountains), then known as Kron'xot, extended northeast from the southwestern section of the now known "White Sea," to the southern coast of "Nova-Zembla," which latter belonged to the range, and further extended eastward, in a circular form, to northeast Cape, Siberia.

Submersred Atlantis Restored TUSH NO'LUS GAN-DE-CU'LO GIN-DI-TE-HISH'AN, OR THE GREAT EAST INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO.

The first of the six occurred about three hundred years prior to the final submergence of Atlantis, and had place in the southeastern section of Polynesia.

Submers:ed Atlantis Restored sion of the Kallutes blood, or that part of the mixed race influence, their skins vary from black, or brown, to a copperish hue, the darker predominating.

There has been but little change in the eyes, except that in some of the Sundanese, the oblique condition of the more remote Schirants of Atlantis, through the Zanranzans of the Cape Verdi remnants, the Horziethas of Africa, the Rezendeths and Ackredeths, and ultimate Kentersends of China, has re-appeared.

Submer}>:ed Atlantis Restored The compound thus made was of a very dark reddish color, thus making the tattooing much more attractive.

Thousands of years prior to the submergence of Atlantis, the continent of North America, was entirely submerged.

Prior to the submergence of Atlantis, great subterrene convulsions throughout the submerged continent of North America, caused the land to rise and fall to a marvelous degree, in all parts of the continent, which in turn, caused the waters to divide, change position, and ultimately to run of?

into the Southern Pacific Ocean region which left the Continent of North America still connected to the Eastern Continent, the connecting land being that of Atlantis, on the East ; and to that of Asia, by the land that now forms the Great Eastern Archipelago, and

About S,ooo years subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis, a great system of four periodical convulsions occurred, and had place in the northern and eastern sections of British America.

Prior to the submergence of Teltzie Zret, of Atlantis, a tribe of Kintilucians had migrated from the eastern portion of Teltzie Et, to the southern portion of Teltzie Zret, where in time, a portion of them had mixed races with the Gurenzes of that portion of the Teltzie.

At the time of the convulsion that separated Greenland from British America, remnants of the Kasmancees of the northern portion of Teltzie Ket, of Atlantis, who had migrated and settled in that district of country now submerged by the waters of the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Greenland, and east of Labrador, were left on both southern Greenland, and eastern Labrador.

The linguistic condition of the ancient Timucuas of South Carolina and Georgia, arose from the fact that, prior to the submergence of the land that then connected Teltzie Ket and Zret of Atlantis, to the now known eastern portion of the United States of AmericEi, a large tribe of Gurenzes had migrated from the southern portion of Teltzie Zret, into the Tyngerze (valleys) that then had place in the district of country east of the states of Georgia and Florida, and a small tribe of Nothosis from the southern portion of Teltzie Ket, likewise had migrated into the Tyngerze east of the Carolina states.

Therefore the extinct Timucua language, formerly current along the eastern coast of Georgia, Florida, and as far south as to Cape Canaveral, is a linguistic link, hving its origin in Atlantis, and therefore is a stock language.

Passing with a descended migrating tribe of the remnant Kasmancees from Teltzie Ket of Atlantis, or U-6'mings, from their section of U-6'mTng (eastern Labrador) westward, we find them also in the district now submerged by the Hudson Bay.

The Hyctesez and their descendants, or one of the third developing branches of Kasmancees of Atlantis, through the Uomings, became the pre-historic ancestors of the now known Eskimo, or Innuits, of the Labrador region, and that of British America southwest of Greenland, whose close alliance with the Hyperborean Races of Alaska and British America, can be traced or easily accounted for through the migrations of their allies, the Shahaiens from their section of Cucokin, to northwestern British America, where they mixed races with the Gangomingoes, and passed into Alaska as the Eltishazas, from whom descended the Eskimo of northeast British America and north, and northeastern Alaska, and still further into Siberia and northeastern Asia.

Prior to the establishment of the Bahama Islands, a small tribe of Gurenzes and a larger tribe of Meltrezens had migrated from the southern portion of Teltzie Zret, of Atlantis, into the region of the Great Bahama Island, where the two tribes amalgamated into one race, who on account of the Meltrezen influence being the stronger, favored that type physically, and continued the Meltrezen language with some dialect influence from that of the Gurenzes.

About looo years subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis, a great system of nine periodical convulsions occurred, and had place in the region of the West Indies islands.

We must not forget that Plato informs us that the priests of Egypt assured Solon, ^hen he visited them 600 years before the Christian era, that all communications between their people and the inhabitants of the "Lands of the West" had been interrupted for 9,000 years, in consequence of the great cataclysms, during which, in one night, the large island of Atlantis disappeared, submerged under the waves of the ocean.

The triangle seems here to represent the whole country, the " Lands of the West," composed of three great continents, " North and South America " of to-day, and "the great island," called Atlantis by Plato, that disappeared in the midst of an awful cataclysm, under the waves of the ocean, as described by the author of the Troano MS.,who thus confirms the account of it given by the priests of Egypt, to Solon.

They told Solon that the greatest cataclysm on record in their books was that during which Atlantis disappeared under the waves of the ocean, in one day and night, in consequence of violent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions; that from that time all communications between their people and the inhabitants of the "Lands of the West" had become interrupted; the occurrence having taken place 9,000 years before his visit to Egypt.

This leaves no longer room for doubting that a large continent existed in the middle of the Atlantic ocean, and whichwas destroyedwithin the memory of man; and that the narrative by Plato of the submersion of Atlantis is, in the main, correct.

The twelve serpent heads, brought to light by me in December, 1883, from the center of the mausoleum of the high-pontiff Cay, at Chichen-Itza, are emblematic of the twelve rulers, who had reigned in Mayax in times anterior to the great cataclysm when Atlantis was submerged; whose portraits, with the sign cimi, dead, adorn the east fagade of the palace with thetableau of creation, showing that they existed in very early times.

One is suggested by the sceptre of Poseidon, that Plato says was the first king of Atlantis, and is represented by the Greek mythologists as being a son of Kronos; his three-pronged trident being an allusion to the three great islands that formed his kingdom, North and South America and Atlan, that now lies buried under the waves of the Atlantic ocean.

Atlantis, submerged, 41.

relation of submersion of Atlantis correct, 92.

Prehistoric America elucidated by the details of the Atlantis and the Phoenician Cosmogony ..

ATLANTIS.

ATLANTIS, FROM DIODORUS SICULUS.

ATLANTIS.

ATLANTIS.

It will be noticed, that Diodorus expressly identifies Oceanus with the Atlantis ; and he quotes an Homeric verse to prove it.

These things the Cabiri the seven sons of Sydyc and their eighth brother Asclepius, first of all, set down in the records, in obedience to the command of the God Taautes." This cosmogony, like the story of the Atlantis, is manifestly a history of America.

ATLANTIS AND THE PHOENICIAN COSMOGONY.

In the history of the Atlantis, Pandora, the great mother, marries Hyperion.

Hyperion is often taken by the poets for the Sun itself." Much the best idea of what the ancients mean by Hyperion, is gained from the Atlantis of Diodorus Siculus, already presented to the reader.

Hope was the only one that remained at the bottom of the box, and it is she alone who has the wonderful power of easing the labours of man and of rendering his troubles less painful to life." In the Atlantis, by Diodorus Siculus, Pandora is made to be a daughter of Uranus and Titea.

On the whole, it is manifest, that the great hiatus of history, which has arisen out of the blunder of the sunken Island of the Atlantis, has to be filled up with incidents, histories, and navigation, of which the people of modern Europe have at present no reasonable conception.

Both in the Atlantis of Diodorus and the Cosmogony of Phoenicia, the race is made to spread abroad over the length and breadth of the Atlantic Isle.

There is a passage in the history of the Atlantis, given at p.

134; in Scorpio, 253 Typhoeus Titan Giant, 48; son of Echidna, 165 Tyro in (Eaea, 35 Tyr feeds Wolf, 269; tradition, 271 Tzendales, Central America, 223 Tzintzon, Chinese Emperor, 272 Uranus, first king of Atlantis, 100;

BY IGXATIUS DOXNELLY, AUTHOR OF "ATLANTIS: THE ASTEDILUTIAN 'VrOr.LD.' ILLUSTRATED.

IGl placed her hand' to her forehead, and, shaking all things with a vast tvemhllng, she sanl: doivn a little and retired below the spot lohere she is loont to be." Here we are reminded of the bridge Bifrost, spoken of in the last chapter, which, as I have sbown, was probably a prolongation of land reaching from Atlantis to Europe, and which the Norse legends tell us sank down under the feet of the forces of Muspelheim, in the day of Ragnarok : "And thus she spoke with a parched voice : 'O sovereign of the gods, if thou approvest of this, if I have deserved it, why do thy lightnings linger?

tliey, of the ruling caste, should have a refuge in case of another flood, and on the top of this temple the masters worshiped a column of perpetual fire." It would be natural to suppose that this was the great deluge to which all the legends of mankind refer, and which I have supposed, elsewhere, to refer to the destruction of " Atlantis"; but it must be remembered that both east and west of the Atlantic the traditions of mankind refer to several deluges—to a series of catastrophes—occurring at times far apart.

The commentators tell us that the words, "dead things are formed under the waters," mean literally, " the souls of the dead tremble from imder the waters." In all lands the home of the dead was, as I have shown elsewhere,* beyond the waters : and just as we have seen in Ovid that Phaeton's conflagration burst open the earth * "Atlantis," 359, 421, etc.

The land of Nod may have been Od, Ad, Atlantis ; and from Od may have come the name of Odin, the king, the god of Ragnarok.

It is, in my view, Atlantis.

rash Phaeton dead and buried, Jove repairs, with esi5eeial care, " his own Arcadia." It must not be forgotten that Phaeton was the son of Merops ; and Theopompus tells us that the people who inhabited Atlantis were the Meropes, the people of Merou.

He is told: f " The earth is round, and xoitlioid it round about lies the deep ocean.'''' * "Atlantis," p.

And as the Elder and Younger Edda claim that the Northmen were the giant races, and that their kings were of the blood of these Asas ; and as the bronze-using people advanced, (it has been proved by their remains,*) into Scandinavia from the southwest, it is clear that these legends do not refer to some mythical island in the Indian Seas, or to the Pacific Ocean, but to the Atlantic : the west coasts of Europe w^ere " the outer strand " where these white colonies were established ; the island was in the Atlantic ; and, as there is no body of submerged land in that ocean with roots or ridges reaching out to the continents east and west, except the mass of which the Azores Islands constitute the mountain-tops, the conclusion is irresistible that herewas Atlantis ; here was Lanka ; here was " the island of the innocent," here was Asgard.

people of Asgard that the wandering Gylfe learns all that he tells about Ragnarok, just as Solon learned from the priests of Sais the story of Atlantis.

This island was Atlantis.

And it is associated with Atlas, the king or god of Atlantis.

This is why they called the place ' ranged stones and torn-iip sands,' the name which they gave it in their passage within the sea, the water being divided when they passed," They probably migrated along that one of the connecting ridges which, the sea-soundings show us, stretched from Atlantis to the coast of South America.

Plindoo legends refer, (see page 238, ante) : on its top was heaven, Olympus ; below it was hell, where the Asuras, the comets, dwelt ; and between was Meru, (Mero Merou,) the land of the Meropes, Atlantis.

And now we learn that, if this bridge were not defended by a divine defense, these troublesome ice-giants would go up to heaven ; that is to say, the bold Northmen would march across it from Great Britain and Ireland to the Azores, to wit, to Atlantis.

Atlas was the king, or god, of Atlantis.

And when we reach " Ragnarok " in these Gothic legends, when the jaw of the wolf Fenris reached from the earth to the sun, and he vomits fire and poison, and when Surt, and all the forces of Muspel, " ride over Bifrost, it breaks to pieces.''^ That is to say, in this last great catastrophe of the earth, the ridge of land that led from the British Islands to Atlantis goes down for ever.

383 And in Plato's description of Atlantis, as received by Solon from the Egyptian priests, we read : "There was an island " (Atlantis) " situated in front of the straits which you call the Columns of Hercules ; the island was larger than Libya and Asia put together, and was the loay to other islands, and from the islands you might pass through the whole of the opposite continent,'''' (America,) " which surrounds the true ocean," Now this is not very clear, but it may signify that there was continuous land communication between Atlantis and the islands of the half-submerged ridge, and from the islands to the continent of America.

Is not the conclusion very strong that Atlantis was the island-home of the race, in whose cave Job dwelt ; on whose shores Phaeton fell ; on whose fields Adam lived ; on whose plain Sodom and Gomorrah stood, and Odin and Thor and Citli died ; from which the Quiches and the Aztecs wandered to America ; the center of all the races ; the root of all the mythologies ?

But if we will suppose that the scene of man's survival was in that Atlantic island, Atlantis, then this would follow :

Another says : "You supposed in your book, 'Atlantis,' that the Glacial Age might have been caused by the ridges radiating from Atlantis shutting off the Gulf Stream and preventing the heated waters of the tropics from reaching the northern shores of the world." True ; and I have no doubt that these ridges did play an important part in producing climatic changes, subsequent to the Drift Age,by their presence or absence, their elevation or depression ; but on fuller investigation I find that they are inadequate to account for the colossal phenomena of the Drift itself—the presence of the clay and gravel, the great heat and the tremendous downfall of water.

These were the "myriads of years " referred to b}^ Plato, during which mankind dwelt on the great plain of Atlantis.

405 States, further investigations may prove that it was on the North American Continent civilization was first born, and that it was thence moved eastward over the bridgelike ridges to Atlantis.

And, as I have shown, when the fall of man came, when the Drift destroyed the lovely Tertiary conditions, man was again moved eastward ,' he was driven out of Eden, and the cherubims guarded the eastern extremity of the garden, to prevent man's return from (we will say) the shores of Atlantis.

"Whereby the xoorld that then was, being overflowed with water, perished." This seems to refer to the island Atlantis, " overflowed with water," and destroyed, as told by Plato ; thereby forming a very distinct connection between the Island of Poseidon and the Deluge of Noah.

eter) are found, " of gneiss, syenite, granite, etc., none of which belong to the rocks of that neighborhood." Geikie says : " Possibly these bowlders may have come from some ancient Atlantis, transported by ice." * The conglomerates belonging to the OldRed Sandstone formation in the north of England and in Scotland, we are told, " closely resemble a consolidated bowlder drift." f Near Victoria, in Australia, a conglomerate was found nearly one hundredfeet in thickness.

The findings are in Our Story of Atlantis.

Poem, "Lost Atlantis." Why is this book written?

Poem, "Atlantian Memories." Continued cross- examination of witnesses, human and divine, con- cerning the facts in evidence of the existence of Atlantis Island and City.

History of Atlantis.

We know Atlantis is the fairest city on this Continent.

Corroborating evidence from the news of the present day, as it comes to the ears of the "Watchers on the Walls,"—Atlantis, Egypt, India.

AIR Atlantis, peerless country!

Dreaming bard has told in fancy Wandering minstrel sung of thee, Now, above thee, lost Atlantis, Rolls the ever restless sea.

Some Atlantis loved, and lost — Where upon the gleaming sand bars Once life's fitful ocean tost;

Mighty cities rose in splendor Love was monarch of that clime Now, above that lost Atlantis Rolls the restless sea of Time.

Or by light of love and gladness, Find the present home sublime Glad that over his Atlantis Rolls the restless sea of Time.

In a late issue of Mind, appears an article headed : "A Monument to Atlantis," which says: "A notable discovery of more than ordinary interest for historians, especially those who have a leaning toward antiquities, has lately been made by the well-known archaeologist, Augustus Le Plongeon.

He has now found that the signs on the Pyramid of Xochicalo are both Maya and Egyptian ; and a careful study of these decorative inscriptions has made it plain to him that the pyramid was a monumental structure erected to commemorate the submergence and destruction of the great Land of Mu (Plato's Atlantis), together with its population of 64,000,000 of human beings, about 1 1,500 years ago.

Those who are coming back into the present civilization, if they were of the advanced and cultured classes of Atlantis and the most ancient Egjpt, would find more advantages of acquirement, through our leisure and experience, than when hurled into life amid the horrors and darkness of the Stone Age.

It is a conceded fact, there have never been, since the fall of Atlantis, so many re-incarnated Atlantians upon the earth at the same time, as now.

Ignatius Donnelly finds a supporter of his A.tlantis theory in Sir Daniel Wilson, president of the University of Toronto, who declares after a great deal of search, that the lost Atlantis was

OF ATLANTIS.

Such a discovery would furnish a substantial basis for the legend of tlie lost Atlantis and the theory invests those wonderful ruins with a new interest for the antiquarians.

Louis Republic said: "Atlantis was a continent supposed to have existed at a very early period in the Atlantic Ocean, over against the Pillars of Hercules," but which was subsequently sunk in a cataclysm of which history gives no record.

Plato's account says: "Atlantis was a continent larger than Asia and Africa put together, and that at its western extremity were islands which afforded easy passage to a large continent lying still beyond — this last mentioned continent being now supposed to be South America." Nine thousand years be-

fore the time of Plato, according to the tradition, Atlantis was a powerful, thickly settled-country which extended its way over Africa and the major portion of what is now Europe, "even to as far as the Tyrrhenian Sea." Further progress of the invasion of the Atlantides was checked by the combined efforts of the Athenians and other Greeks.

Shortly after the invaders were driven from the continents of Europe and Africa a great earthquake shook Atlantis from center to circumference.

Of course, I did not believe him, but, all the same, it is not a little strange that the accounts of the Mexican Indians, relative to the mysterious and magnificent, interior citj' agree perfectly." These are but of many of the allusions and traditions pointing to the fact, that somewhere in the Southwest, there is a people who undoubtedly hold a complete historical record of the chain of events from Atlantis in its prime, down to the present day.

The natives of the locality, as, in fact, the Indian population in general, in Mexico, believe that at some place near the southwestern coast of Mexico there exists a great white city with countless treasure which has never been seen by white men, and the approach to which is so intricate and cleverly concealed that a stranger has never entered its solitary precincts." With all the increasing mass of information on the subject, it seems there should be some effort at collection under guidance, of what is known about Atlantis the Mighty.

Telling of the doom, fair Atlantis was to see.

of another mighty city, the work of the powerful nation whose capital, located on the great island of Atlantis, exercised its power both East and West, of which we are trying to tell: "The American archaeologists who went to the recently discovered city in the Sierra Madre Mountains have returned, and tell of another hidden city five Spanish leagues north of the first city.

All that has ever been learned, to distinguish the savage from civilization was known to the wise men of Atlantis.

A.S the city of Atlantis grew, her population was drawn off into colonies which had deep and abiding influence on the whole of the Western continent, but especially centering along the belt in which Atlantis itself was located.

When Atlantis was in its prime, there were other units in the world's category of nations which were not so far advanced.

If Atlantis had held on in the even tenor of her way, all other nations of the world would have received the light, and been uplifted to something near its own standpoint, but when this chance of development was cut off, they groped in comparative darkness.

A compact, unified nationality, which resembles the old Atlantis, had its beginning on an island, cut off from easy approach.

That within a hundred years, and possibly a much shorter time, Atlantis will be above the waves.

As a child I had always been fascinated with whatever I had chanced upon, either in reading or conversation which related to Atlantis.

After we had been out from port four or five days, as we sat chatting on the quarter deck, something was said which induced me to ask him the question squarely: "Do you believe there ever was such a country as Atlantis?" "Most certainly," was his quiet, decisive answer.

But for the accessibility of their ruins, they would by this time have been as thoroughly forgotten as Atlantis now is." "And," here his face softened with an infinite pity, "perhaps within forty years from now we may have another lesson in the opportunity for denying the existence of the past." "But maybe," he continued, "you would like to hear some of the actual records brought down even to your day, of an event that concerns so intimately every living person now upon our planet." Upon my eager assent he went into his cabin and soon returned with a small black-letter vol-

Here dwelt for many generations the renowned race of Atlan, from whom the whole island and sea were named Atlantic or Atlantis.

tians traded and from Atlantis itself, which was especially rich in minerals, and possessed the only known mines of orichalcum in the world, a mineral with most wonderful and inexhaustible properties—a metal which was then second onlw to gold in its value.

OF ATLANTIS.

Although for a few days he apparently put aside a continuation of his former talk about Atlantis, yet there was an uplifted expression of content, lending an added charm to the ever-restful dignity of the perfect face.

Now, having my interest aroused I brought it out and found among much that was quite discursive, the following pertinent paragraphs: "The fourth Continent, which it has been agreed to call Atlantis, was formed by the coalescence of many islands and peninsulas that were upheaved in the ordinary course of evolution and became ultimately the true home of the great race known as the Atlantians, a race developed

"In connection with the Continent of Atlantis we should bear in mind that the account which has come down to us through the old Greek writers contains a confusion of statements, some of them referring to the great Continent as a whole, and others to the last, small island of Posidonis.

Plato, for instance, condensed the whole history of the Continent of Atlantis, covering several millions of years into an event, he located upon the island of Poseidonis (about as large as Ireland) ; whereas, the priests spoke always of Atlantis as a continent as large as Europe and Africa put together.

6o OUR STORY combined continents of Lemuria and Atlantis.

And as both Lemuria, destroyed by submarine fires, and Atlantis submerger by the waves, perished in the ocean depths, Atlas is said to have been compelled to leave the surface of the earth and join his father lapetus in the depths of Tartarus.

OF ATLANTIS.

6i two dwarfed relics of the two lost continents were thrice as lofty during the day of Lemuria and twice as high in that of Atlantis.

"Lemuria should no more be confounded with the Atlantis Continent than Europe with America.

I could only reply: "I feel that we must have been brothers, but you do me great honor in naming me thus." "Before we reach the ship I must tell you," continued my comrade, "that it has been permitted you for purpose, to revisit the tower of the Great Temple of Atlantis, in which were gathered for concentration during the last awful cataclysm which sent the continent beneath the waters all the living members of the most po-

But I will not anticipate, but submit to my readers the history of Atlantis and

Its waters, diverted through an artificial canal and locks, forms the great port of the City of Atlantis, which extends from this canal, northeast of the central portion of the continent, quite up to the foothills of the elevated portion of the country.

OF ATLANTIS.

Atlantis can well claim not only the honor of being so created, but of remaining a white city.

Our fathers had a saying we seek to make a rule of living: 'Eight years to infancy and play, eight years to boyhood and training in physical things, eight years to young manhood and learning of the world outside of Atlantis, and one thousand years to learning of the invisible and real.' Its proportions are very nearly correct.

OF ATLANTIS.

"In Atlantis, to be diseased or crippled in body, or to be at the head of a family, in which is such a member, is deemed a crime against the people.

We know Atlantis is the fairest city on this planet, and we are content.

OF ATLANTIS.

OF ATLANTIS.

OF ATLANTIS, i49 tion which must rest upon the consciences of all who are admitted to participation in the truths world-wide in the scope of their action, are candidates for knowing and understanding.

These three were wise men, for they had risen step by step from the knowledge of earthly things and their environments to a point where they could perceive all that could or would happen, not only to Atlantis, but to all the remainder of this planet.

OF ATLANTIS.

So long as Atlantis was in its greatest power and glory, so long was the number maintained as I have described it.

OF ATLANTIS.

OF ATLANTIS.

1HAVE tried thus far to give you a description of the Great Temple of Atlantis and of the Tower that was one of the wonders of the world.

It was in the internal fires of unregisterable heat, that during the latter days of Atlantis, the immense stores of gold and jewels, which the Temple Treasury held, were manufactured under PRIMAL CONDITIONS.

i88 OUR STORY and the earth beneath, and the waters under the earth." It has already been said that the whole city of Atlantis was arrayed in a splendor, whose glory was never equaled.

These means for personal adornment, were also used by all the people, even those in the humble walks of life, if Atlantis could be said to have had any such, the relations of poverty and riches long since had ceased to press on the attention of the nation.

THEY who ruled in Atlantis, as the priesthood, were successful in guiding the ship of State wisely and fortunately, so long as they considered the interests of the whole nation as one.

Knowing of Atlantis, they gravitated thither, and here they would have remained and shared with Atlantis the fate that overtook her, blotting out for a time from

The following is the Maya account of the destruction of Atlantis, from Dr.

The findings are in Atlantis, Edda und Bibel.

UNGLAUBLICHKEITEN präsentiert “Atlantis, Edda und Bibel” Hinweise zur Formatierung des vorliegenden Buches: ¾ Die ursprüngliche Fraktur-Schrift wurde mit ABBYY FineReader 7.0 Pro erkannt, in Microsoft Word 2003 korrekturgelesen und mit Adobe Acrobat 6.0 in ei ne PDF-Datei verwandelt.

Ihr Verlag Roland Faksimile Faksimile Dokumentation “Atlantis, Edda und Bibel”

Der Vorhang, der absichtlich vor die Vorgeschichte unseres Volkes gehäng t wurde, wird weggezogen, und der Blick taucht tief hinab in eine sagenumwobene, ehedem nachtdunkle, nunmehr sonnenhelle und glänzende kulturelle Betätigung des Ariertums in der Vorzeit und erkennt staunend die wundersamen Zusammenhänge von Atlantis, Edda und Bibel und das Ariertum als ursprünglichen Schöpfer der Bibel und Kultur.

Für seine viele Mühe bei Abfassung des Werkes “Atlantis, Edda und Bibel” fühlte sich der Verfasser reich belohnt durch die Wahrnehmung, daß es allgemein mit dem größten Interesse gelesen wurde und nicht wenig zur Befrei ung des deutschen Volkes aus Irrwahn und geistiger Knechtschaft beiträgt.

Ausgesetzt wurde verschiedentlich an dem Werk nur der Umstand, daß die Existenz eines vorgeschichtlichen Atlantis manchem geschichtlich und urkundlich nicht genügend festzustehen schien.

War die heilige Stadt Gottes zwischen zwei Meeren vielleicht die höchst merkwürdige, sagenhaft e Hauptstadt des versunkenen Atlantis, d.

der versunkenen atlantischen Insel “Atlantis”, mit der sich seit Jahrhunderten eine Reih e von Gelehrten beschäftigt?

Ist dieses Atlantis etwa das Paradies der Bibel?

Dabe i werden wir vielfach auf den untergegangenen Erdteil Atlantis, der in der Vorzeit ein Haupt- und Glanzpunkt der germanischen Kult ur war, zu sprechen kommen.

Deutlicher wird uns sch on die Geschichte unseres Vormon des Phöbus und sein es Einst urzes auf die Erde, eine Geschich te von Grauen und Ent setzen, die mit eisernem Griffel in das Denken unserer Vorfahren sich eingrub und in uralten Sagen und Urkunden sich widerspiegelt, zum Teil in der Edda und Bibel, welch letztere nur eine Sammlung uralter, freilich ge fälschter Geschich tsberichte und mit der Geschichte von Atlantis innig verknüpft ist.

Das Wasser t ürmte sich zwischen den beiden Wendekr eisen zu einer Gürtelhoch flut auf, die den Erdteil Atlantis, Lemurien und fast ganz Afrika deckte, während die Kappen der Nor d- un d Südhal bkugel au s Gr ünden, di e man in der ausgezeichneten Darstell ung Fisch ers nach lesen w olle, bis auf 40 Grad herab vereisen m ußten, so daß die Wohnräume für T iere und Menschen sich schließlich nur auf wenig e Gebi ete zwisch en den beiden Wendekreisen beschränkten (Abb.

Die Flutsage der Chibchas- Indianer spricht ausdrücklich vo n einer mondlose n Zeit vor der letzten Flut, die Atlantis wied er unter Wasser setzte (Fischer:

Vo n der Gürt elhochflut befreit, traten neue Erdteile aus dem Wasser hervor: Lemuria und Atlantis.

Es trat eine Abwanderung der in Südeuropa jahrtausendelang am Rande der Gletscherwelt gewese nen weißen Rasse nach Norden ein, da ihr das dortige, etwas kü hlere Klima mehr zusagte, während die Farbigen mehr in den heißen Ländern wohnten und in wasserfrei gewordene Gebiete von Afrika, Atlantis und Lemuria abwanderten.

Ungehindert konnten die einzelnen Rassen sich vermehren und ausbreiten: in Europa die Weißen, in Amerika-Atlantis die Roten,

Die Wanderung der weißen Nordlandsrasse (Germanen) in alle Welt und nach Atlantis.

Er stellt f est, daß die Germanen die oben erwähnten Erfindungen machten und schon vor Jahrhunderttausenden in kühnen Fahrten mit großen Ruderschiffen Entdeckungsfahrten in alle Meer e machten, damals schon eine gegründete Anschauung von der Kugelgestalt der Erde gewannen und nach Ägypten, Afrika, Polynesien, Lemurien und Amerika- Atlantis kamen (Abb.

Bei der dichter werdenden weiß en Bevölkerung Europas waren Auswanderungen in den benach barten, zwischen Europa und Amerika liegenden und zwischen beiden die Brücke bildenden Erdteil Atlantis naheliegend, umsomehr, weil dessen Klima als ein überaus angenehmes sich erwies und seine Fruchtbarkeit und sein Metallreichtum (infolge 2) 2 Prof.

Hier in Atlantis, dessen Name heute n och der Atlantische Oz ean u nd d as A tlasgebirge u nd mexikanische St ädte ( Aztlan) tragen, konnte sich infolge der genannten Bedi ngungen jene großartige vorgeschi chtliche germanische Welt kultur entwickeln, von der alle alten Sagen un d Geschichten, auch Edda und Bibe l sprachen und von der wir noch Reste haben.

Atlantis wird uns manches Rätsel der Bibel und Edda erklären.

In den nachfolgenden Blätte rn soll der Versuch gemacht werden, die g ermanische Kultur und Geschichte von Atlan tis so darzustellen, wie sie sich aus de n alten Sagen und Berichten über Atlantis und a us den Berichten de r Edda und Bi bel und na ch den Felsbilderschriften von Bohuslän ergibt.

Vom versunkenen Erdteil Atlantis.

Beweise für das frühere Vorhande nsein des Erdteils Atlantis und seiner Kultur hat zunäch st Schliemann durch seine Ausgrabungen in Kleinasien und Kreta erbracht, dann auch Frobenius durch seine Forschunge n und Funde in Westafrika.

Der Geologe Eduard Süß kommt nach eingehenden Untersuchungen zu dem Ergebnis, daß das hier beschriebene Atlantis bestanden hat und Grönland ein radialer Ausschnitt aus der Atlantis, der Tafel des alten roten Sandsteins ist 1).

Hierbei sind Inseln des Zwischengliedes und Bruchteile stehen geblieben, zu denen auch das versunkene Atlantis gehörte 2).

Hausthal, kommen zur Überzeugung von dem früheren Dasein eines Erdteils Atlantis im atlantischen Ozean, weil sich sonst gewisse botanische und zoologische Tatsachen nicht erklären lassen.

Anhaltspunkte für die Annahme eines vorgeschichtlichen, nun unter Wasser begrabenen Atlantis erbrachten auch die Tiefseeforschungen und Kabelverlegungen der letzten Jahrzehnte.

Für die Notwendigkeit eines Zusammenhanges von Amerika und Atlantis spricht die Tatsache , daß die Tiere und Pflanzen der weit ins Hinterland reichenden Ostküste Amerikas mit denen Europas und Afrikas viel größere Ähnlichkeit haben, als mit denen der eigenen Westküste.

Fischer 4) ausgezeichnete Belege für das wiederholte Auftauchen und Verschwinden von Atlantis (s.

Wir haben auch geschichtliche Berichte über Atlantis 5).

5 Literatur über Atlantis: 1.

Leo Frobenius: Auf dem Wege nach Atlantis.

Wachtelborn: Atlantis, Leipzig, bei Wallrath.

Donelly: Atlantis, die Vorsintflutliche Welt.

Otto Hauser: Atlantis.

Otto Kiefer: Der Bericht Platos über Atlantis.

Scott-Elliot: Atlantis nach ok kulten Quellen.

Wem die angegebene große Literatur und die angeführten wissenschaftlichen Beweise noch nicht genügen sollten, dem müssen die Steine die Wahrheit über Atlantis verkünden.

Baltzer: Glyphes des Roches du Bohuslän.) Dieselben gehen nach astronomischen Gutachten bis auf 800 .000 Jahre zurück und besagen uns, daß die Germanen schon vor Jahrhunderttausenden auf ihren Wikingerschiffen die Weltmeere durchfurchten und überall Kolonien anlegten, so am Nil, in Vorderasien, Afrika, in der Südsee und in Atlantis-Amerika.

Ein Hauptauswanderungsgebiet war 6) 6 Literatur über Atlantis: 16.

Zeugnisse über Atlantis findet man auch bei den alten Schriftstellern Aelian (Varia Historia, Buch III, Ka p.

Die Bewohner dieser Inseln hätten sich die Erinnerung an eine sehr große Insel Atlantis bewahrt, welche lange Zeit hindurch die Oberherrschaft über alle Inseln im Meere führte.

Auch die Gallier besaßen Überlieferungen von Atlantis, welche durch den römischen Schriftsteller Ti magenes gesammelt wurden.

Knötel: Atlantis.

Verlegt irrtümlicherweise Atlantis wie Frobenius nach Westafrika und Marokko.

Olaf Rudbeck: Alland eller Manheim - Atlantis oder Manheim.

Bezeichnet irrtümlicherweise Schweden als Atlantis.

Er sucht Atlantis in Britannien.

Er bringt außerordentlich wertvolle Nachweise über das frühere Bestehen des Erdteils Atlantis und über die Herkunft des Juden und ihres Ritus aus Atlantis.

Eginhardt: Atlantis.

Frobenius: Atlantis.

21 - naturgemäß das nahegelegene, di e Verbindungsbrücke mit Amerika bildende Atlantis wegen seines m ilden Seeklimas, feiner überaus großen paradiesischen Fruchtba rkeit und seines Metallreichtums.

Man übersehe nicht, daß das nach dem Niedersturz des Vormondes Phöbus aufgetauchte Atlantis bis nach England reichte, von Europa aus also leicht zu erreichen war, umsomehr, als England vor Jahrtausenden noch mit Frankreich zusammenhing.

Insofern also Atlantis sich weit nach Norde n erstreckte, erscheint es nicht auffallend, daß verschiedene Schriftsteller Atlantis im Norden suchten.

Das Atlantis des Plato und das der Bibel waren der Rest des ehemals aufgetauchten Erdteils westlich von den Säulen des Herkules.

Atlantis und seine hohe vorgesch ichtliche germanische Kultur haben also existiert.

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung von Atlantis und seiner Kultur stützt sich auf die angegebenen Forschungen und auf die angeführte Literatur und verwendet zur Darstell ung absichtlich die Berichte der ägyptischen Priester zu Sais, der Edda und der Bibel, damit der Leser sieht, wie übereinstimmend dieselben Atlantis schildern und wie die Bibel vielfach uralte Geschichtsberichte bringt, die vermutlich aus heidnischen Priesterbüchereien abgeschrieben wurden.

Wer die von mir angeführten Bibelstellen auf Grund der folgenden Darlegungen als geschichtliche Berichte über Atlantis und dessen wundervolle Hauptstadt und Asenburg betrachtet und mit der anderen angegebenen Litera tur und den sonstigen Belegen vergleicht, dem geht es wie dem Apostel Paulus: Es fällt ihm wie Schuppen von den Augen.

Das Klima von Atlantis war ein überaus glückliches, etwa wie das südliche Italien und der atlantischen Reste Azoren- und Kanarieninseln.

23 - in Klein asien un d Atlantis usw.

So finden wir in Atlantis auch Asen-Könige, “heilige Berge” und uralte germanische Kultusgebräuche, die freilich, wie wir sehen werden, von den Niederrassigen ins Abscheuliche verzerrt wurden.

Erst mit der zunehmenden Mischung mit den auf Atlantis lebenden Tiermenschen und mit der durch die Vereisung geschaffenen Not kam auch bei den Ariern das Fleischessen auf.

Atlantis war die in den Schriften der Alten genannte “Insel der Seeligen”.

Die Aias-Aria-Arier = “Die Heiligen Gottes” und “Gotteskinder” der Bibel auf Atlantis.

Ob die nordische Rasse gleich zu Beginn der mondlosen Zeit in dem aufgetauchten Atlantis einwanderte, wie Fischer (Weltwenden) 1 Robert Springer: Enkarpa.

Es ist natürlich sehr naheliegend, daß man in das jungfräuliche, üppig grünende, außerordentlich fruchtbare Atlantis auswanderte.

abgekürzt Atlantis, d.

Der Name Atlantis dürfte in dem Namen des Gebirges Atlas und in dem der mexikanischen Stadt Atla n und Astlan wiederzuerkennen sein.

Die Azteken in Mexiko behaup teten, aus einem Lande Atlan zu stammen, das weit im Osten im Meere gelegen sei - also aus Atlantis.

Mit der In sel konnte Homer nur die Insel Atlantis gemeint haben.

Auf Mitgard-Atlantis ist deshalb das Wort der Bibel anzuwenden: “ein Land, darinnen M ilch und Honig fließt.” Arische Auswanderer, die im Nil-, Missi ssippi- und Euphrattale Kolonien gründeten, schufen dort ebenfa lls Bewässerungsanlagen nach dem Muster der atlantischen.

Nach der Schilderung der indischen Vedas liegt der Garten Eden auf einer Insel, wohl Atlantis.

Bei dem vulkanischen Charakter von Atlantis war natürlich der Reichtum des Landes an Gold, Silb er, Erzen und Edelsteinen aller Art ein sehr großer.

Mose 2 und übereinstimmend damit die Überlieferung alter Völker, die mit Atlantis in Beziehung standen.

Der Reichtum an münzbaren und edlen Metallen aller Art erklärt sich zum Teil daraus, daß bei der Auflösung unseres Vormondes Phöbus und bei dessen Einsturz auf die Erde dessen Metallkern in der Hauptsache gerade in diesen Breiten niederging (nach Fischer: Weltwende), dann aber ist von jeher das angrenzende Mittelameri ka so reich an edlen Metallen gewesen, daß man daraus auch den gleichen Rückschluß auf Atlantis machen kann.

Jedenfal ls war der Meta llreichtum von Atlantis eine Haupturs ache davon, daß sich auf Atlantis eine so überaus reiche vorgeschichtliche Zivilisation entwickeln konnte, wie sie in Abschnitt 11 ff.

(Die 12 Geschlechter Israels der Bibel.) Wie im Norden und wie bei den Germanen der Ostseeländer, so wurde auch auf Atlantis das Land von den Aias in Gaue eingeteilt und zwar zuerst in neun, mit der Erweiterung der Landesgrenze

Auf die neun Gaue bezieht sich eine Stelle in der Edda (Völstaga): “9 Welten kenne ich, 9 Äste weiß ich, An dem starken Stamm (Asenstamm), Im Staub der Erde.” Dann eine andere Stelle in der Edda (die kürzere Seherinnenrede): “Einer erstand in Urtagen, Ein Allgewaltiger Im Asenstamm, Des Speeres Gebieter Gebaren neun Riesentöchter (Gaue, Länder) Am Rande der Erde.” (Erde = Idafeld auf Atlantis.) Auch eine Strophe in “Der Seherin Gesicht” spricht von neun Heimen und Weltreichen.

Die Erweiterung der Macht der Aias auf Atlantis machte schließlich die Wahl von zwei weiteren Asen notwendig.

Dem einen unterstand die gewaltige Kriegs flotte, aus 1200 Kriegsschiffen (Trieren) bestehend 1), und dem anderen - Heimdall - die Landesstreitmacht, 1 Siehe Kiefer: Der Bericht Platos über Atlantis.

Den Brauch, Geschlechterzeichen, Stammeszeichen zu führen, übernahmen die farbigen Völker von Atlantis-Amerika von den arischen Einwanderern mit zunehmender Rassenmischung.

Die Offenbarung Johannes enthält uralte Geschichte von Atlantis und germanischen Asen, freilich bunt durcheinandergeworfen und vielfach gefälscht und aus der Vergangenheit in die Zukunft übertragen.

Die Edda erwähnt Gesetze auf goldenen Tafeln: “Wieder werden die wundersamen goldenen Tafeln Im Grase sich finden, Die vor Urtagen Ihr eigen waren.” (Der Seherin Gesicht.) Unter den weisen Staatsgesetzen der Asen blühte der arische Staat auf Atlantis auf, wie noch kein Staat vor und nach ihm.

das Idafeld aus Atlantis beziehen, besagt Psalm 24, 2, wo ausdrücklich bestätigt ist, daß dieses “an dem Meere und an den Wassern” lag.

“Die heilige Stadt Gottes” und “der Heilige Berg Gottes der Bibel mitten im Meere” auf Atlantis.

In der Edda wird diese Brücke Bifroest genannt und folgen dermaßen beschrieben: “Sie hat drei Farben und ist sehr stark und ist mit mehr Kunst und Verstand erbaut als andere Werke.” Rote und weiße Steine, sowie schwarze Lavablöcke werden heute noch auf den Überresten von Atlantis, den Azoreninseln, gefunden und zu Bauten verwendet.

Nach mexika nischen Überlieferungen führte die Weltstadt auf Atlantis den Namen Thula, d.

Das Thula der Mexikaner und das Thule der Edda ist vermutlich die Riesenstadt auf Atlantis.

Babylon am Euphrat war zweifellos eine Tochter-Stadt der Ha ndelsmetropole auf Atlantis.

Da die Aias ihren Erdteil Atlantis - Va terland hießen, ist es naheliegend, daß sie für ihre Hauptstadt und Hauptburg einen ähnlichen Namen wählten und zwar den schönen Na men Babylon = Burg des Vaters.

Der nordische Name Jerusalem, mit dem fälschlicherweise jenes Babylon auf Atlantis benannt wu rde, scheint überhaupt neueren Ursprungs zu sein.

Bis zur Eroberung der Hauptstadt der germanischen Jebusiter hieß diese Zion = Burg des Zius 1 Nach Kiefer: Der Bericht Platos über Atlantis.

Die Urdquelle (= “Heilsbrunnen”, “Brunnen des Lebens”, “Brunnen des lebendigen Wassers”, “Gottes Brunnen”) auf Atlantis.

Der biblische Bericht über Atlantis nennt diese dem hl.

Ottilienberges (ebenfalls ein “Berg Gottes” wie auf Atlantis und eine uralte germanische Kultstätte) im Elsaß waschen heute noch die Pilger ihre Augen, um sie gesund zu erhalten oder zu heilen 1).

Nach der deutschen Heldensage von Wolf Dieterich wird dieser von der Königin eines fernen Landes (Troya, Atlantis) geführt; sie läßt sich im Urdbrunnen taufen, verliert in demselben ihre rauhe Haut und steigt mit dem Namen Siegemine als die schönste Frau hervor, d.

Eine schöne Asentochter wurde nach der Sage an der Urdquelle von einem Misch- 2 Kiefer: Der Bericht Platos über Atlantis.

45 - Erinnerung an den arischen Fürsten Odin, der am Baume sein Leben f ür sein Volk gelassen hat, als das Niederrassentum gegen die arisch e Herrschaft auf Atlantis stürmte.

Auch sonst finden sich bis in unsere Zeit herein viele Beziehungen zu dem Baume des Lebens auf Atlantis: Der griechische Göttervater Zeus wurd e von den Künstlern mi t einem langen Stabe dargestellt, auf dessen oberem Ende ein Adler sich befand.

Der Himmelsberg = Asenberg (= Himmel) auf Atlantis.

Eine Burg der hessischen Katten hieß Asci-burgi = Asenburg, und altindische Berichte über die vor 11 .500 Jahren versunkene “weiße” Insel Atlantis nennen deren heiligen Berg Asburj = Asenburg (Blavatzky:

Die Asenburg auf Atlantis.

Von dem “Stuhl Gottes im Himmel” auf Atlantis spricht auch Psalm 11.

Sollte die Sage von Hephäst os nicht eine geschichtliche Erinnerung an Atlantis sein wie die des Hesekiel?

Die atlantische Sitte des siebenarmigen Leuchters wurde von der jüdischen Priesterhierarchie in Jerusalem wie manches andere übernommen, nachdem sie in Babel die uralten Berichte über den prachtvollen Tempel auf Atlantis gelesen hatte.

Das sind lauter Hinweise auf Opferhandlun gen in den heiligen Tempeln auf Atlantis.

So mag es auch dem Schreiber der Geschi chte von Atlantis in Off.

Stadt auf Atlantis gemeint ist und daß manche Psalmen aus der Zeit von Atlantis stammen und dort im Tempel Gottes gesungen wurden (vgl.

Bei den gottesdienst lichen Handlungen auf Atlantis wurde auch Weihrauch verwendet (Hes.

Als die arische Siedelung auf Atlantis größer wurde, da trat der gleiche Vorgang wie bei uns auch ein: Der Bedarf an Kranken- 1 Eine prächtige Arbeit über die Nornen in Deutschland lieferte Josef Rühsel: Die drei Nornen.

Das “Heilig, heilig ist Gott, der Herr” erklang zweifellos schon aus schönem Frauenmunde im Tempel Allvaters auf Atlantis.

Sie führt uns um Jahrzehntausende zurück auf das Arierparadies Atlantis.

den Asen Wodan im Watzmann, Barbarossa im Kyffhäuser, so glaubte auch das Volk auf Atlantis, die Asen im Himmel lebten dort weit er und würden einst auferstehen und wiederkommen.

Alte amerikanische Sagen, ägyptische Berichte und Totengebräuche, dann verschiedene Stellen in der Edda und der Offenbar ung Johannis deuten auf den Gebrauch der Überführung von Leichen nach der Insel Atlantis hin.

Die “Insel der Seligen” aber ist Atlantis.

Es war nun natürlich nicht mög lich, daß alle arischen Toten der atlantischen Kolonien auf Atlantis ein Begräbnis finden konnten.

Man schritt zu einer Einschränkung der Sitte und gestattete die Überführung der Toten nur in de n Fällen, in denen sich die Lebenden durch besondere Verdienste um Atlantis, durch Entdeckungen und Erfindungen, du rch große Heldentaten oder auf andere Weise ausgezeichnet hatten.

Es ist naheliegend, daß in Atlantis oder dessen Kolonien Aufzeichnungen über berühmte Männer in ein Buch eingetragen wurden, nach welche m man prüfte, ob die Toten zum Begräbnis “im Himmel” zugelassen werden sollten.

65 - züglich die zahlreichen benachbarten Vulkane auf Atlantis.

Wer vom Totengericht freigesprochen wurde, wurde neben seinen arisch en Vorfahren auf Atlantis “im Himmel” beerdigt, die Bösen aber dem glühenden Abgrund des “Managarm”, wie ihn die Edda nenn t, zur Einäscherung übergeben.

So führen uns kirchliche Glaubenssätze um 15 .000 Jahre zurück in die Geschichte der arischen Siedelung Atlantis.

Die Pyra miden in den atla ntischen Kolonie n sind e ckig, drei - und vi ereckig, weichen also vom dem ursprünglichen Vorbild auf Atlantis ab.

Der Himmelsberg auf Atlantis war noch ein getreues Abbild der

Die kreisförmige und elliptische Form der arischen Heiligtümer, von de nen sich noch Tausende im nördlichen Europa befinden, ist ur alt und älter als der Stufenberg auf Atlantis (s.

Daher ist auch die Anschauung von Zschaetzsch 2), die Arier stammten aus Atlantis, eine irrige.

Atlantis war lediglich eine der vielen Siedelungen der Germanen und zwar die für die germanische Weltkultur bedeutungsvollste.

72 - Atlantis über das Weltmeer, über den Nil strom oder über einen künstlichen See nach Westen zu, dorthin, wo die Sonne versinkt.

Das Alter der arischen Siedelung auf Atlantis.

Atlantis ist nach den Aufz eichnungen der ägy ptischen Priester i m Jahre 9564 vor Christi, also vor rund 11 .500 J ahren vom Meere verschl ungen worden.

74 - Über das Alter der arischen Kult ur auf Atlantis geben uns die Überlieferungen der mittelamerikani schen Völker Aufschluß.

Nach ihnen umfaßt die atlantische Geschichte 4 Zeitalter, nach deren Ende jeweils die Aias schwer schädigenden Naturereignisse über Atlantis hereinbrachen.

Hiezu die 11 .500 Jahre seit dem Untergang von Atla ntis gerechnet, ergibt für die arische Kultur auf Atlantis einen Zeitraum von rund 30 .000 Jahren.

Aus der Geschichte von Atlantis.

Die mittelamerikanischen Sagen und die der alten Kulturvölker des Mittelmeeres, ferner Homer, Edda und die atlantische Chronik in der Bibel (Offenbarung Johannis) erzählen übereinstimmend, daß Atlantis von schrecklichen Naturere ignissen heimgesucht wurde, die zum Teil an die ägyptischen Plagen erinnern.

Die Tiefseeforschung stellte vor etlichen Jahrzehnten fest, daß sich an Stelle des ehemaligen Atlantis ein weitausgedehnter Höhenzug im Atlantischen Ozean befindet, der innerhalb eines meßbaren geologischen Zeitabschnittes der Schauplatz riesiger vulkanischer Störungen gewesen ist 1).

75 - Die Überreste von Atlantis, die Azoren- und Kanarischen Inseln, zeigen heute noch eine lebhafte vulkanische Tätigkeit.

Es ist deshalb glaublich, was uns jene alten Sagen und Überlieferungen von den vielen Heimsuchungen Atlantis durch Erdbeben künden: “Gellend heult Garm Vor Gnipahellier;

Die Offenbarung Johannis berichtet uns an verschiedenen Stellen von großen Er dbeben auf Atlantis.

Die furchtbare Gewalt des Windes mag Atlantis oft genug erfahren haben.

Die Folgen sind dieselben wie in Atlantis: Hungersnot und Pest, von welch letzterer Off.

Teil der Menschen auf Atlantis kam nach Kap.

- Von den verschiedenen Plagen auf Atlantis spricht auch Hesekiel 5 und 14, 21.

Schon auf Atlantis zeigte sich das traurige Schauspiel, das seit Jahr tausenden in hunderterlei Formen über die Welt dahin ging, 1918 auch über Deutschland.

13, 7) “über alle Geschlechter und Sprachen und Heiden”, und “alle, die auf Erden (Atlantis) wohnen und deren Namen nicht in dem goldenen Buch des Lebens stand”, beteten den “schrecklichen Drachen” an, d.

Höchst sonderbar, da ß schon vor vielen Jahrtausenden, als dieser geschichtliche Bericht über Atlantis geschrieben wurde, rot die Farbe der Revolution und des Niederrassentums gewesen ist.

Die Herrschaft des niederrassigen Tieres auf Atlantis muß eine sehr tyrannische gewesen sein.

7 schildert die bewegliche Klage der Übriggebliebenen, Gott mö ge das Blut der Ermordeten an den Niederrassigen, die auf der “E rde” (Atlantis) wohnen, rächen.

Liest man nun Daniel 8 und di e nachgenannten Stellen von Offenbarung Johannis, so ist es über jeden Zweifel erhaben, daß es sich bei diesen Stellen lediglich um die Darstellung der Erscheinung eines Kometen auf Atlantis, seines Anwachsens und Zusammenstoßes mit der Erde und die daraus sich ergebenden fürchterlichen Folgen handelt, Dani el schildert uns das Erscheinen und Wachsen des Kometen folgendermaßen: Er erschien am Horizont “vor dem Wasser”

der Kometensch weif, wuchs an des Himmels Heer, warf einen Teil davon und von den Sternen zur Erde, zertrat sie und verwüstete die Wohnungen des Asenheiligtums auf Atlantis (Daniel 8, 5, 10-11).

bei den auf Atlantis wohnenden Überlebenden, herrschte großes Wehklagen (Off.

Natürlich hat sich der Meteorit enfall mit seinen fürchterlichen Folgen nicht bloß auf das Idafeld und Atlantis erstreckt.

6, 15 und 16 berichtet uns, daß die Könige auf Atlantis und die Großen und Reichen und alle Wissenden sich rechtzeitig in den Klüften und Felsen an den Bergen verbargen (s.

Gesang 40) bezieht sich auf den Weltbrand auf Atlantis: “Da schwärzten sich zuerst der Neger Scharen Von Blut, das kochend in die Poren drang;

der Komet zerschlug die ganze Kultur auf Atlantis.

Wie kommt es, daß die Überlieferungen der alten Kulturvölker und die prächtig e Schilderung in der Bibel über den Weltbrand auf Atlantis so auffallend übereinstimmen?

Die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung von Atlantis und die 4 Königreiche Daniels.

(Daniel 2, 32-32.) Ich halte dafür, daß die Germanen bei ihrer Einwanderung auf Atlantis schon eine gewisse Kultur mitbrachten.

Professor Otto Hauser fand bei seinen Forschungen im südlichen Frankreich ein nach seinen Angaben auf 30 .000 Jahre zurückreichendes kreisförmiges Heiligtum 2), das nach ähnlichen architektonischen und astronomi schen Grundgedanken errichtet worden ist, wie die Heiligen Kreise auf Atlantis.

Der jungfräuliche, überaus frucht bare Boden von Atlantis gab bei seinem milden Klima des ewig en Frühlings dem Menschen bei wenig Mühe Früchte und Kräuter aller Art.

Er leistete als Freier unter Freien keinen Sklavendienst, auf Atlantis aber stand ihm zur Ausführung seiner Kulturideen, wie in Ägypten, ein Heer von Sklaven zur Verfügung.

Für die Aias auf Atlantis kam nach ihrer Einwanderung eine segensreiche Zeit.

87 - scheidet man auf Atlantis vier Zeitalter: Ein goldenes, silbernes, ehernes und eisernes (Dan.

Wie sich Mittel- und Südamerika seit alter Zeit durch großen Goldreichtum auszeichnet, so war auch auf Atlantis ein natürlicher Reichtum an Gold gegeben.

Da verschiedene der in europäischen Steinzeitgräbern gefundene Steinwerkzeuge aus Gestein gema cht sind, das auf Mexiko und Atlantis als Ursprungsland deutet , so kann angenommen werden, daß auf Atlantis schon in früher Steinzeit Industrie und Handel mit Steinwerkzeugen betrieben wurde.

Alle Berichte von Atlantis sprechen von einem ungeheuren Reichtum des Landes an Gold, Silber und Edelsteinen und von großen Gold- und Silberschätzen auf der Königsburg Asgard (siehe Abschnitt 16).

Es dürfte zu überlegen sein, ob der von Professor Kossina in verschiedenen Veröffentlichungen gerühmte Gold reichtum des vorgeschichtlichen Deutschlands nicht irgendwie mit Atlantis und seinem Welthandel zusammenhängt.

Einen großen Ruck nach vorwärts machte das Kulturleben auf Atlantis mit der Entdeckung de r Kupfererze.

88 - uralten verlassenen Bergwerkstollen am Ontariosee fand man noch von Bergleuten herausgegrabene un d plötzlich, vermutlich mit dem Untergang von Atlantis, verlassene Ku pferblöcke vor.

Solches Kupfer mag zuerst verarbeitet worden sei n zu den in der Mississippi-Ebene in den Mound-builders massenhaft gefundenen Kupferwerkzeugen, die geradezu nötigen, eine Kupfer zeit für die damals sicherlich nah verbundenen Länder der Mississippi-Ebene und für Atlantis anzunehmen 4).

Nach dem Berichte Platos über Atlantis muß der Reichtum der Aias an Bronze ein ganz ungeheurer gewesen sein, sonst wäre es nicht möglich gewesen, daß sie ihre Burgmauern mit Bronzeplatten hätten bedecken können.

Die ägyptischen Priester berichteten dem Solon, daß die Insel Atlantis für die Bedürfnisse des Lebens all es lieferte, was der Bergbau an gediegenen oder geschmiedeten Erzen darbietet, darunter auch besonders eine Art Messing, das man an vielen Stellen der Insel förderte und das von den Aias nächst dem Gold am höchsten geschätzt wurde.

Frobenius weist nach, daß Atlantis auch mit Westafrika (Senegambia und Nigeria) in Handelsverbindung stand, und daß die großen hellfärbigen Jorubengeschlechter der Heiligen Stadt Ife wohl verniggerte Reste einer atlantischen Kolonialbevölkerung seien.

Die Industrie auf Atlantis erhielt einen modernen Anstrich und eine sehr neuzeitlich anmutende Entwicklung durch die Entdeckung des Eisens.

Auf Atlantis und in sei nen Kolonien setzte der Gebrauch des Eisens sehr früh ein.

Die ägyptischen Priester erzählen dem Solon nichts von dem Gebrauch des Eisens auf Atlantis, aber Ovid spricht in seinen Verwandlungen, welche die alten Überlieferungen der Vorzeit enthalten, von dem goldenen, silbernen, ehernen (bronzenen) und eisernen Zeitalter.

Auch die Berichte der Bibel, die sich au f Atlantis beziehen und aus der atlantischen Zeit stammen, gebrau chen bereits das Wort Eisen, so Off.

Also war der Gebrauch des Eisens schon vor rund 12 .000 Jahren auf Atlantis bekannt.

92 - standen und zwa r durch Atlantis.

Wenn nun schon die alten Ägypter und Chinesen das Pulver, eine Mischu ng von Schwefel, Salpeter und Kohle, und eine Art griechisch es Feuer zu Feuerwerkszwecken benützten, so ist anzunehmen, daß ihre Kenntnisse aus dem arischen Mutterlande Atlantis stammten.

Nur so ist es verständlich, was uns der Geschichtsbericht von Atlantis in Offenbarung Johannis an verschiedenen Stellen merkwürdigerweise kundgibt.

Auch das Niederrassentum kam wahrscheinlich durch die vaterlandsverräterischen Priester - in den Besitz des Geheimnisses und verwendete es gegen die “Heiligen Gottes”, die Arier auf Atlantis (Off.

Scott-Elliot: Atlantis.

Wenn nun die ägyptische Kultur nachweislich schon ein so hohes Alter aufzuweisen hat, wie hoch muß dann erst das des atlantischen Mutterlandes gewertet werden, und wenn die ägyptische Kultur schon einen so hohen Stand aufzuweisen hatte, wenn man in Ägypten schon Elektrizität, Blitzableiter, die Bereitung von Ölen aller Art, von Bier, Seifen, Glyzerinöl, Papier, Glas, Parfüm kannte, wie hoch muß da der Stand der in dustriellen Technik erst im Mutterlande Atlantis gewesen sein!

Wenn der Anthropologe und Rassenforscher nachweist, daß der Germane der geborene Landwi rt und Gärtner, Tier- und Pflanzenzüchter ist, so ist es gl aublich, was Plato über die hohe Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft und Gärtnerei auf Atlantis sagt.

Die Sache ist umgekehrt: Die Banane wurde auf Atlantis gezüchtet und ist von dort in den atlantischen Kolonien Amerika und Afrika eingeführt worden.

So fanden sich auf Atlantis unsere besten Nutzpflanzen einschließlich Kartoffel, Weinstoc k, Banane, Kokosnuß, Obstbaum und Orangen (die goldenen Äpfel de r Hesperiden).

Atlantis war zum Kulturgarten der alten Welt und zur Mutter unserer Kultur geworden.

Plato erzählt uns, daß es auf Atlantis eine bewunderungswürdige Königsgewalt gab.

In diesem seltsamen Staat auf Atlantis gab es schon in alter Zeit eine Schrift.

Nach den Berichten der ägyptischen Priester gab es auf Atlantis ein hochentwickeltes Schulwesen.

Leipzig, bei Brandstetter) und den entsprechenden griechischen Sagen, die mit den atlantischen Berichten in der Bibel übereinstimmen, war den arischen Kulturträgern auf Atlantis auch die Flugkunst bekannt und zwar der Segelflug.

96 - strömten in das von der Natur so reich begünstigte Atlantis.

Die Handelsflotte wuchs ins Riesenhafte: 12 .000 Kriegsschiffe mit einem Flottenadmiral sorgten nach dem Berichte Platos für die Sicherheit auf Atlantis, auf dem Meere und in den fernen Ländern.

Eine anschauliche glänzende Beschreibu ng der Welthandelsstadt auf Atlantis, ihres Reichtums, ihres Handelsverkehrs durch die ganze Welt und ihrer Handelsflotte gibt Hesekiel 27 und Off.

Der Hinweis aus “die Stadt mitten im Meere” und “bei den vielen Inseln” und der überaus reiche Handelsverkehr kann sich nur auf Babylon auf Atlantis beziehen.

Die Fälscher jener uralten geographisch-geschichtlichen Berichte waren so unvorsicht ig, gerade die für Atlantis beweiskräftigsten Stellen stehen zu lassen.

Dazu besagen die Überlieferungen der Chaldäer und Mittelamerikaner übereinstimm end, daß weiße Götter aus dem Meere (aus Atlantis) zu ihnen ge kommen seien und ihnen die Kultur brachten.

Auch Atlantis suchte seine politische Macht zu erweitern.

27 gebot Atlantis über viele andere Insel n und über Teile des Festlandes.

Atlantis mochte etwa eine Stellung gehabt haben wie das weltbeherrschende Rom und das seegewaltige England.

Das Zuströmen von Mischlinge n und Niederrassigen aus den Kolonien und die Sklavenwirtschaft hatte eine Verschlechterung der arischen Rasse auf Atlantis wie be i allen seefahrenden Nationen zur notwendigen Folge, und dieser Umstand gestaltete mit naturgesetzlicher Zwangsläufigkeit seine weiteren Geschicke, denn die Geschichte der Rassenmischung eines Volkes ist zugleich seine politische Geschichte.

99 - auf einen gleichen Gedanken hin, der ihrer Entstehung zugrunde liegt 2), und auf ihr gemeinsames Vorbild, den abgestuften Himmelsberg auf Atlantis, hinweist (Abb.

37) und sin d e benso mit unterirdischen Gängen und Gr abkammern versehen wie der Himmelsberg auf Atlantis.

Vergegenwärtigt man sich nun, daß der Untergang von Atlantis eine ganz ungeheure Flutwelle hervorrief, die um den ganzen Erdball lief, und daß wochenlang Wolkenbrüche den atlantischen Ozean und die angrenzenden Länder hei msuchten, so liegt der Schluß sehr nahe , daß die zweifellos atlantisch-arische Kolonie in Nordamerikas Eben e bei jener Katastrophe vernichtet wurde.

Schliemann soll bei seinen Aus grabungen Kunstwerke aus Atlantis gefunden haben.

Auch die Geschichte von Mykenä läßt an jene Katastrophe von Atlantis denken.

104 - das Bild einer staunensw erten Kultur und einer Kunst voll scharfer Naturbeobachtung und hohen Könne ns; irgend eine furchtbare Katastrophe muß ihr ein j ähes Ende bereitet haben 6).” Wir kennen letztere: es ist der Untergang von Atlantis.

105 - Hier handelt es sich um alte atlantische Kultur, die vermutlich durch die beim Untergang von Atlantis entstehende Riesenflutwelle vernichtet wurde, wie die Mountbilder-Erbauer.

Es ist hi er unschwer das Bestreben zu ersehen, die Leichen angesehener Personen ähnlich zu bestatten, wie im Himmelsberg auf Atlantis.

108 - produkt einer gleichen, vermutlich der einst Atlantis beherrschenden arischen Rasse gewesen sind.

Vermutlich der plötzliche Untergang von Atlantis bzw.

Demgemäß kann es sich bei jener versunkenen Kultur mit ihren heiligen Ber gen, Ringwallanlagen, Steinkreisen, Monolithen, Pyramiden und terrassier ten Bergen, Mäandern, Spiralen, Kassett en- un d Staborn armenten nur um Arier gehandelt haben, und jene unerklärliche älteste Kultur stammt zweifellos aus der Zei t der atlantischen Arier und wurde in ihrer Fortentwicklung durch den Un tergang von Atlantis jäh unterbrochen.

Die von uns aufgestellte Behauptung der arisch-germanischen Kultur auf Atlantis und in den at lantischen Kolonien, insbesondere in Mittelamerika, erhält zu allem Überfluß noch eine Stütze in der Tatsache, daß nach der Entdeckung Amerikas Reste einer weißen germanischen Bevölkerung gesehen und beschrieben wurden.

In diesen weißen “Indianern” darf man wohl Reste der arischen Kulturrasse aus Atlantis-Amerika erblicken.

Alle politischen Ereignisse auf Atlantis sind die naturgesetzlichen Folgen der ra sch zunehmenden Rassenmischung, die von den alten Atlantern in klarer Erkenntnis ihrer volks- und staatszerstörenden Wirkung aufs strengste, jedoch vergeblich verboten wurde.

Josua 23, 12 und 13 und den Schluß der Gebote.) Die biblische Sage von der Austreibung aus dem Paradies dürfte eine Beschreibung eines geschichtlichen Vorganges auf Atlantis nach dem Weltbrand sein.

Seele gab Odin, Hönir gab Sinn, Blut gab Lodur und blühende Farbe.” (Edda, Bruchstücke, Schöpfung der Menschen.) Das bedeutet: Als die Asen aus dem Nordland nach Atlantis kamen, fanden sie an den Ufern der Meere menschenartige Geschöpfe vor, die sie Ask und Em bla nannten.

Achthundert Einherjer Gehen auf einmal aus jedem, Wenn's mit Fenrir zu fechten gilt.” (Edda, Grimnirlied.) Bei dem großen Verbra uch an Männern in dem K ampfe der Arier war es notwendig, dieselbe Si tte einzuführen , die später die arischen Weltherrschaften annah men: Di e atlanti sche Regierung nahm ihre Leibwachen aus andere n arischen Landen oder aus den Kolonien, und zwa r nach Hes ekiel 27 a us Persi en, Lud un d Ly dien un d insbesondere auch von Arvad.

Dami t zeigten sie aber jenen Völ kern selbst di e Gehei mnisse i hrer Macht und i hrer Schätze, was in der Folge zu vernichtenden K ämpfen dieser Völker gegen Atlantis selbst führte.

Aufruhr der Niederrassige n auf Atlantis war nach den Schilderungen der Offenbarung Johannis und den Naturgesetzen entsprechend nichts Seltenes.

Nach den Felsenbildern von Bohuslän handelte es sich bei der Austreibung aus dem Paradiese um die Austreibung der Hebräer, eines Mischvolkes aus Atlantis.

Dadurch erklärt es sich auch, wie diese zu den uralten Berichten aus Atlantis in der Bibel und zu den Bibelfälschungen kamen.

Der Fall Asgards auf Atlantis.

Ähnliches berichtet die Trojasage; auch sie war ursprünglich ein Bericht über den Fall von Atlantis und wurde dann mit den späteren Kämpfen der Griechen gegen Ilion (Troja) vermengt.

Wie im vorigen Abschnitt angede utet, ergab sich durch die Rassensymbiose aus Atlantis eine immer größer werdende Rassen-

Die griechische Sage vom Krieg des Zeus gegen di e Titanen und Giganten ist eine geschichtliche Erinnerung an jene Kämpfe der Asen auf Atlantis mit den Mischlingen und Tiermenschen.

Diese prägte sich besonders bei Loki, dem Oberpriester auf Atlantis, aus, der mit einer Riesin, d.

Wie Frankreich in den Hugenottenkriegen und in der groß en französischen Revolution sein bestes Arierblut verlor, so Atlantis in dem Weltkriege und in der Revolution vor etwa 12 .500 Jahren.

Wie bei uns und in Rußland di e Proletarier lange Gesichter machten, als die Herrschaft der “f alschen Propheten” begann, so auch auf Atlantis.

1-4 Atlantis selbst besucht, wurde dort umhergef ührt und sah auch dort den atlantischen Priestergott (Papst) auf dem Stuhle Allvaters sitzen (Hes.

Keine der beiden Parteien konnte sich des Sieges freuen, denn beide wurden nach übereinstimmen den Berichten der Alten vom Untergang Atlantis überrascht, und nur wenige dürften dem Erdbeben entkommen sein.

Die Menschen von Atlantis, d.

121 - Als die Roten und anderen Farbigen auf Atlantis die Herrschaft an sich gerissen hatten, wurde au s dem Kulturstaat Atlantis ein Räuberstaat, wie in der geschichtlichen Zeit infolge Vor wiegens dunklen Blutes Karthaga, Phönizien, Rom, England und Frankreich.

Die Priester von Sais erzähl ten dem Plato, daß Atlantis mehrmals Raubzüge nach Oste n, nach Europa und nach Griechenland gemacht habe.

45-48.) Die gewaltigen Ruinen von Städten in Mittel- und S üdamerika und die Mountbuilders Nordameri kas erzähl en uns, daß Amerika- Atlantis in weit zurückliegen der vorgeschichtlicher Zeit ganz ungeheuere, meist rote Völkermass en besaß (s.

Wir wissen aus der Erzählung der Priester zu Sais, daß große Germanenscharen in Atlantis selbst mit der roten atla ntisch-ebräischen Teufelsrasse kämpften und mit Atlantis versanken.

Der Untergang des großen Babels (Atlantis), “der großen Hure am Meere” (d.

Der Untergang von Atlantis und der “Heiligen Stadt Gottes” “mitten im Meere” “zwischen den Inseln”.

Da Babylon auf Atlantis die einz ige Welthandelsstadt war, da von ihr aus die Kultur in alle Welt ausströmte, da sie allen Völkern Industrie-Erzeugnisse brachte und der Handel aller Völker auf den Weltmittelpunkt Atlantis zuströmt e, entstand dort ein buntes Rassengemisch, das von Jahrhunder t zu Jahrhundert schlimmer wurde und in ein wahres Rassenchaos sich verwandelte, als Atlantis zum tausendjährigen Priesterstaat wurde; denn die Priester waren im Interesse ihrer Herrschaft gezwungen, die Verbastardierung der ihnen untergebenen Völker zu begünstigen und die arischen Rassengesetze auszuschalten.

Sehr anschaulich und erschütternd schildert der bekannte Anthropologe und Literaturhistoriker Otto Hauser die Ursache und Wirkung der grausigen Rassenmischung auf Atlantis in seinem gleichnamigen gewaltigen Epos 1), in welchem er - unabhängig von mir - auf die gleichen Gedanken kommt.

Hauser, Atlantis.

Hätte Atlantis weiter bestan den, so wäre eine grenzenlose Rassenmischung und damit Sittenver derbnis über die ganze Welt gekommen und der Zweck der Schöpfung hätte sich nicht erfüllt.

Er wollte die “Menschen” (Menschentiere!), die er geschaffen hatte, mit allem Getier auf Atlantis wieder vertilg en; “denn die Erde war verderbt vor Gottes Augen und voll Frevels, und alles Fleisch hatte seinen Weg verderbt auf Erden” (I.

Die “große Hure Babylon” auf Atlantis war “eine Behausung der Teufel” (Menschentiere) und ein “Behältnis aller unreinen Geister und aller unreinen Vögel” geworden (Off.

131 - Die Ursache des Unterganges vo n Atlantis ist nach Fisch er (Weltwende) und Hörbiger (Das deutsche Weltbild) folgende:

Die ung eheure Anziehungskraft des sich nähern den Monde s zog di e Fl uten de s Weltmeeres von den Polgegenden ab und in die wärmeren Breiten, so daß Atlantis und Lemurien von dem Meere bedeckt wurden.

Nach den mit den geologischen Befunden übereinstimmenden Berichten der ägyptischen Priester und nach den indischen Geheimlehren geschah das Ver schwinden von Atlantis in verschiedenen Zeiträumen und Teilen.

Der Untergang von Atlantis war ein schaurig-schönes Schauspiel voll fürchterlicher Groß artigkeit, ein Schauspiel, wie es nur der allgewaltige Schöpfer selbst geben konnte.

Kraterwände zerrissen, und verheerend wälzte sich der rote Wolf (Lava) über die Fluren Atlantis.

Auch Hesekiel schildert den plötzlichen Untergang von Atlantis (Hes, 27, 36 und 28, 19).

28 ), so kann damit nur Babylon auf Atlantis gemeint sein und sonst keine andere.

Wir dürfen den Fälschern der Geschichte Atlantis dankbar sein, daß sie die treffenden Stellen stehen ließe n und uns so die Geschichte von Atlantis überlieferten.

Das Buch des Propheten Hesekiel scheint überhaupt wie die Offenbarung Johannis sich in der Hauptsache lediglich mit Atlantis zu beschäft igen.

Bei den Mayas auf Yukatan wurde ungefähr vor 3500 Jahren ein Bericht über den Untergang von Atlantis geschrieben.

Nach ihm gestaltete sich der Untergang von Atlantis fo lgendermaßen: “Im 6.

Unfähig, den gewaltigen Zuckungen gegenüber standzuhalten, versanken sie mit ihren 64 Millionen Einwohnern 8060 Jahre vor der Abfassung dieses Buches.” - Im Sagenschatz des alten Persien, der auch die Geschichte von Atlantis enthält, wird ebenfalls die Mitteilung gemacht, daß Atlantis vor etwa 11 .500 Jahren versunken sei.

Psalm 18; 33; 42, 7-8; 45 ; 65; 67; 89; 93 ; 96-99; 103 und 107, die einen ganz deutlichen Hinweis auf die Vorgänge bei dem Untergang Atlantis enthalten, sind zweifellos ein Danklied Überlebender für ihre Errettung.

Ein Wiederauftauchen von Atlantis und Lemurien, von welch letzterem manche Teile nur 75 Meter mit Wasser überdeckt sind, ist nicht mehr möglich.

Dadurch wird aber die Wassermenge der Erde so vergrößert werden, daß Atlantis un d Lemurien nie mehr auftauchen können, auch nicht bei der großen

Die Folgen des Unterganges von Atlantis.

Der Untergang von Atlantis war für die Zivilisation auf viele Jahrtausende hinaus ein unersetzlicher Verlust.

Ob für die arische Rasse, ist kaum zu bejahen, eher zu verneinen, denn die von Atlantis ausgehende Rassenmischung und Rassenverderbnis hätte auch die noch rassenreinen arischen Stämme im Norden in ihren Strudel gezogen und der Zweck der Schöpfung wäre ganz verloren gegangen.

Die Bedeutung des Unterganges von Atlantis für die damalige Kulturwelt läßt sich schwer vorstellen und beschreiben.

Aus Hesekiel 26, 27, 28 und Offenbarung Johannis läßt sich einigermaßen ersehen, welch gewaltige wirtschaftliche Bedeutung Atlantis für die erste Kulturperiode der Erde hatte.

Ande rs aber bei Atlantis.

Mit Atlantis war das Licht der ganzen Welt untergegangen.

Mit dem Untergang von At lantis und durch die über Teile der angrenzenden Erdteile beim Untergang von Atlantis hinwegbrausende ungeheure Flutwelle wurde zugleich ein ansehnlicher Bruchteil der arischen Bevölkerung der Erde ausgerottet, aber auch durch die mit dem Verschwinden der arischen Macht und des arischen Mutterlandes in den Kolonien einsetzenden Vernichtungskämpfe gegen die Aias.

aus Nordeuropa, auf Atlantis mit diesem in die grausige Tiefe gegangen.

Der Untergang von Atlantis bedeutet also auch einen schweren, auf Jahrtausende hinaus fühlbaren Menschenverlust für die Arierwelt.

Die Vernichtung von Atlantis machte sich sofort überall fühlbar.

Bei der alles überragenden Bedeut ung von Atlantis für die alte Kulturwelt ist es kein Wunder, wenn es Jahrtausende hindurch in Sage und Geschichte aller Kulturvö lker fortlebt.

Allem Anschein nach ist der Verfasser von Hesekiel nach Atlantis geschickt worden, um einen genauen Berich t über Burg, Stadt und Tempel nach Hause zu bringen (s.

4, 1 hat der Berichterstatter sogar einen Plan der Hauptstadt von Atlantis in gewohnter Weise auf eine Tontafel geritzt.

Wertvolle Nachrichten aus Atlantis waren auch in den ägyptischen Tempelbibliotheken aufbewahrt 2), besonders in Sais, sonst hätten nicht die ägyptischen Priester dortselbst dem Solon die genauesten, mit der Edda und den übrigen Überlieferungen übereinstimmenden geschichtlichen Berichte vorlegen können.

Ausgezeichnete Berichte über Atlantis finden sich fraglos auch in den Aufzeichnungen der Mayas in Mittelamerika (siehe Troano-Man uskript in der Bibliothek in London).

Hier finden sie die merkwürdigen Schriften über Atlantis.

139 - dem Muster des atlantischen Pri esterstaates aufgerichtet und die Hauptstadt desselben Jerusalem werden, dem man den Namen der heiligen Stadt Gottes auf Atlantis beilegt, während man die Asenburg Asgard auf Atlantis Burg “Zion” nennt.

In Jerusalem wird ein Tempel errichtet nach dem Muster des au f alten Tontafeln aufgezeichneten Tempels Allvaters auf dem Himmelsb erg in Atlantis.

Um die angeblich arische Abstammung des Pöbelvolkes zu erweisen, wird der Stammbaum seiner angeblichen Erzväter Jakob, Isaak, Abraham auf Adam und Eva im Garten Eden auf Atlantis zurückgeführt, und werden auf sie die alten arischen Überlieferungen und Weissagungen bezogen.

Alle anderen Kapitel sind nichts als kunterbunt durcheinander gemischte Berichte über Atlantis und seine Geschichte 4).

Ausdrücklich sei bemerkt, daß das Judentum die geschichtliche Wahrheit und die von ihm vorgenommenen verbrecherischen Fäl- 7 Zu dieser Anschauung kommt auch der Anthropologe und Literaturhistoriker Otto Hauser in seinem merkwürdigen, gewaltigen Epos: Atlantis, der Untergang einer Welt.

Die Berichte der Propheten und des apotryphen Buches Enoch über den Asen Baldur und über Atlantis aber werden so umgefälscht, daß sie als Weissagungen auf den kommenden Logos, Messias, und die kommenden Weltereignisse erscheinen.

* * * Mit dem Untergange von Atlant is war nicht nur das einzige Industrie- und Handelszentrum de r Welt dahingegangen, sondern auch ihr finanzieller Mittelp unkt, was bei dem Gold- und Silberreichtum von Atlantis leicht erklärlich ist.

Die Zerstörung von Atlantis brachte eine beispiellose finanzielle Katastrophe über die ganze Welt.

Sein Unglück brachte eine Umwälzung der politischen Gruppierung im fernen Asien notwendig mit sich und fand zunächst seinen Ausdruck in dem Verbot der japanischen Einwan derung durch Amerika.) Wären damals alle arischen Stämme mi t Atlantis untergegangen oder ausgerottet worden, dann wäre die Geschichte der menschlichen Kultur zu Ende gewesen und die Menschheit wäre wieder in den tierischen Zustand versunken, au s dem sie die Arier nach den übereinstimmenden Überlieferungen der alten Kulturvölker durch Belehrung und Blutmischung he rausgerissen hatten, und die Schöpfung wäre umsonst gewesen.

Zu Beginn unserer Zeitrec hnung war das nach Süden geflossene arische Blut bereits so weit verdorben, daß in den klassischen Kulturländern des Mi ttelmeeres dieselben Zustände herrschten wie in Atlantis zur Zeit des Aufstandes der Mischlinge und Niederrassigen gegen die Aias .

Aus dem vorhergehenden Abschni tte geht schon hervor, daß Atlantis und Bibel in einem sehr nahen Zusammenhang stehen.

So wird in der altindischen Literatur der Brahmanen gesagt , daß ein gelehrter Astronom, Astrologe und Magier aus Atlantis , namens Asuramaya, in Indien Werke hinterlassen habe, auf denen die Chronologie und Berechnungen der brahmanischen Gelehrten beruhten.

Der gelehrte Jesuit Pater Kircher kommt nach dem Studium der orientalischen Sprachen und Sc hriften zu dem Schlusse, daß alle Legenden von Atlantis im Grunde bloß die Enthüllung einer großen Wahrheit sein müssen.

Als die Verfolgung der Arier auf Atlantis begann und die arischatlantischen Gelehrten vom niederrassigen Pöbel vertrieben wurden, da hielten sie ihr Wissen geheim und teilten es nur solchen Ariern mit, die sie für würdig hielten, ihre Schüler und Mitwisser der arischen Weisheit zu sein.

Offenbar hatten die furchtbaren Ereignisse auf Atlantis die Arier gelehrt, daß es gleichbedeutend mit Selbstmord wäre, wenn sie die “Untiere” und “Heiden” weiterhin mit Kenntnissen ausrüsteten, die von jenen nur als Waffen im Vernichtungskampf gegen die Arier benützt würden.

Die uralten, allen arischen Stämmen gemeinsamen Lehren über Weltentstehung, Erd-, Menschheits- und Rassengeschichte, Untergang von Atlantis u.

Jenes Buch Enoch, in dem sich auch Teile der Evan gelien finden, schildert auch die Geschichte des auserwählten “arischen” Volkes, für das sich die Juden betrügerisch ausgeben, bezieht sich ausdrücklich auf die initiierten atlantischen Arier, sch ildert die Bestrafung der gegen die Rassengesetze sich versündigende n atlantischen Arier und den Untergang von Atlantis.

Mit dem Tode des weisen und gerechten Baldur und mit dem Untergang der Asenherrschaft überhaupt war dahingegangen, was dem Lande Atlantis seinen Glanz und Schimmer, seine Macht und Schönheit verlieh, was ihm Ruhe, Frieden und Gerechtigkeit gab.

Das goldene Zeitalter der Arias war dahingesunken und Atlantis war unter der Sklavenpeitsche der Priest er keine “Insel der Seligen”, sondern der Unseligen geworden.

Und wenn in diesen von einem Asen berichtet wurde, der einst als Weltheiland wiederkommt, so ist stets der gewaltige Ase Baldur auf Atlantis gemeint.

Sein Todfeind war bekanntlich der Mischling Loki, der Oberpriester auf Atlantis.

Die verhaßte Asenherrschaft war gebrochen, die “Heiligen Gottes” auf Atlantis schienen ausgerottet zu sein.

Mit der Niederwerfung der Arierherrschaft auf Atlantis zer-

Das Volk auf Atlantis sehnte sich aus der Priesterherrschaft nach der gerechten und milden Regierung Baldurs zurück.

Das empfanden Besucher aus den Kolonien auf Atlantis und machten darüber Aufzeichnungen, die zum Teil in den prophetischen Büchern der Bibel auf uns überkommen sind.

10 und 59, 18 bezi ehen sich fraglos auf Atlantis und Baldur, denn es wird ausdrücklich von den zu Atlantis gehörenden “Inseln” gesprochen.

Baldur wird alle Götter vertilgen, und “alle Inseln der Heiden” (die zu Atlantis gehörenden Inseln mitten im Meere) müssen ihn anbeten (Zephania 2, 11).

9 spricht ausdrücklich von Atlantis am Meere und von Baldur (vgl.

Psalm 72 bezieht sich ausdrücklich auf Baldur und Atlantis “zwischen den Meeren”, “vom Strom Hiddekel an bis zu den Enden der Welt”.

aus der heiligen Stadt Gottes auf Atlantis (Mich.

Der Gottvater Od in, der Gottessohn Baldur und die Muttergottes Freia spielten unter anderem Namen in allen Religionen vom Niedergang Atlantis an bis zur Gegenwart eine große Rolle.

Nun brachten die Germanen auf ihren Kolonisationszügen ihre Geschichte und Sage und die Ku nde von den Taten ihrer hohen Ahnen in alle Welt, auch nach Indien und Atlantis-Amerika.

Das waren die über Europa in verheerenden Raubzügen hereinbrech enden, farbigen Teufelsvölker (Taifalen) von Atlantis-Amerika-Asien.

Jesus hat demnach in altersgrauer Vorzeit mit den Juden und ihren Verbündeten (Taisalen und Sat anen) zu kämpfen und von i hnen zu l eiden g ehabt und nicht in Palästina, sondern entweder auf Atlantis sel bst oder in De utschland.

19, 11-20) den Entscheidungskampf gegen die Völker der ganzen Welt (Satan und all seine Heere) auf.” “Ein schrecklicher Kampf entb rannte von einem Meere zum andern, desgleichen die Welt noch nicht gesehen hat und nie wieder sehen wird.” “Die Meere färbten sich mit Blut (also auch Seeschlachten) und es entbrannte ein Kampf von den höchsten Bergen bis auf den Grund des Meeres.” “Der Fürst des Meeres wurde mi t seinen Heiden und Mohren geschlagen und sein Land (Atlantis) kam in tiefes Elend.

Seine eigenen Völker standen gegen i hn auf und die Fürsten der Wüste (Afrika) wandten die Schärfe des Schwertes gegen ihn.” (Vermutlich benützten die von Atlantis unterwor fenen Völker die Niederlage des Meerkönigs zu einem Aufstand gege n ihn: vgl.

Abschnitt 27.) “Seine Schiffe (die gefürchtete atlanti sche Kriegsflotte) wurde mit Feuer verbrannt und seine Freunde verließ en ihn.

Das Land im Westen (Atlantis?) wurde verwüstet und die Kinder des Ostens (Mongolen - der Drache) mußten ins Elend ziehen und viele starben Hungers am Wege (auf der Flucht) und wurden ein Fraß der Wölfe und des Feuers.” “Die letzte grausame Schlacht wurde zwischen vier Städten mit vier gleichen Türmen geschlagen, dort, wo ein Kreuz zwischen zwei Lindenbäumen stand (vgl.

Ob auf Atlantis ein Bal dur und in Deutschland ein Jesus von den Azte ken-Hebräern ge martert wurde oder ob e s sich um di e gleiche Persönlichkeit handelt, wird Geg enstand genauer Forschung sein m üssen.

Nach den erwähnten Irminen-Überlieferungen soll sich das vor Jahrtausenden vor der Flut, also vo r dem Untergang von Atlantis in Goslar abgespielt haben, was mi t den Ausführungen E.

Nach den Berechnungen der ägyptischen Priest er über den Untergang von Atlantis auf 11 .500 Jahre.

Aus den Eingangs dieses Abschnittes erwähnten anthropologischen Tatsachen ergibt sich die Geschichte der Religion auf Atlantis und die Entwicklung von dem arisch-atlantischen Christentum zum Götterglauben, Gö tzendienst und Heidentum von selbst.

Das nach der Vertreibung der Ar ier aus Atlantis einsetzende Schreckensregiment der Priesterhier archie ließ in den atlantischen Mischlingsvölkern eine immer lauter werdende Sehnsucht nach der Herrschaft der Asen entstehen.

Die ältesten und be deutendsten Götter der alten Kulturvölker sind nichts andere s als die Könige und Fürsten von Atlantis und Germanien.

Und der vielbesungene Gott der angeblich jüdischen Psalmen auf seinem “werten heiligen Berge”, “zwischen den beiden Meeren” und “bei den vielen Inseln der Heiden” enthüllt sich dem nüchternen Forscher als einer der berühmten Asenkönige d es “Heiligen Landes” Atlantis, von dem man ob seiner Kulturtaten vor Jahrtausenden mit Recht rühmen konnte: Alle Lande sind seiner Ehre voll - - - (vgl.

hierüber Donelly: Atlantis.

196-216, - Knötel: Atlantis.

So zeigen sich denn all die angeblichen “Gottheiten” im Lichte der kritischen Geschichtsbetrachtu ng lediglich als Menschen, als Menschen mit Fürstenstab und Krone auf Atlantis und in Germanien.

Wenn nun die gleichen Sitten in den übrigen atlantischen Kolonialstaaten auch zu finden sind, so ist damit ein Beweis gegeben, daß es sich hier um Erfindungen und Einrichtungen der geld- und machthungrigen atlanti schen Priesterschaft handelte.

Die teuflische Bosheit und Niedertracht des Pr iestertums hoffte auf diese Weise allmählich die letzten Spuren des arischen Blutes auf Atlantis und in den atlantischen Kolonien zu vertilgen, um über die verbleibende niederrassige gehirnlose Masse leichter regieren zu können.

Die greulichen, zum Himmel schreienden Menschenopfer des atlantischen Priesterstaates fanden nach der Niederwerfung der Arier naturgemäß Eingang in allen atlantischen Kolonien und finden sich nach vielen Gerichtsurteilen 4) noch heute bei dem aus Atlantis- Amerika stammenden Zigeunervolk der Hebräer.

213 - Oberpriesters Loki auf Atlantis zu r Ausrottung der arischen Rasse.

Der Untergang der Aias auf Atlantis und Deutschland im Weltkriege.

Aus diesen Gesichtspunkten heraus erklärt sich der Tod vieler arischer Kulturen und der Sieg des Niederrassentums auf Atlantis.

Nun ist auch schon bei oberfl ächlicher Vergleichung eine merkwürdige Ähnlichkeit der Ereignisse auf Atlantis und der des Welt- 1 1.

Wie in den Städten auf Atlantis und in seinen Kolonien hatte sich auch in den großen deutschen Städten durch zunehmende Rassenvermischung ein vaterlandsloser Pöbel, eine niederrassige Unterschichte herausgebildet, zum Teil durch den Zustrom von Ostjuden, Polen, Polacken, Tschechen, Slovaken, Italienern, Negern und Mongolen in den Industriezentren und Hafenstädten.

Auf Atlantis übernahm die Führung des Niederrassentums das organisierte atlantische Priestertum, im Weltkriege Juda und Rom im geheimen Verein.

Auch hier erschien die Mi tgardschlange: Eine ungeheure englisch-französische Flotte blockierte wie bei Atlantis die deutschen Küsten.

Wie auf Atlantis, so verlästerte man auch hier die arischen Führer: Die jüdische und römisch-klerikale Presse konnte sich in der Verunglimpfung und Schlechtmachung deutscher Fürsten, vorab der Hohenzollern, des deutschen Volk es, seines Heeres und seiner prächtigen Soldaten und Feldhe rrn nicht genug tun.

Vertreter des papistischen Syst ems machten dem Volk wie auf Atlantis vor, es handle sich nu r um Niederwerfung von Monarchie und Militarismus und um Aufric htung der wahren Demokratie (Volksherrschaft).

Entwaffnet und wehrlos gemacht, von inneren, bisher nicht erkannten Feinden zersetzt, läßt jenes fatalistisch da s ihm zugedachte Schicksal über sich ergehen: Abtrennung der Randprovinzen und Auslieferung derselben an das Niederrassentu m, Ausplünderung des deutschen Volkes, Vernichtung der deutschen Volksschule und damit der deutschen Eigenkultur durch das neue Reichsschulgesetz, und durch das bayerische Konkordat, Internationalisierung des deutschen Volkes, Bolschewisier ung, Bürgerkrieg, Besetzung Deutschlands mit russisch-chinesischen Söldnerheeren des kommenden jüdischen Diktators und Ausrottung der Arier wie auf Atlantis.

Durch geologische Vorgänge wurde ein Teil derselben (Untergang von Lemurien, Atlantis.) vernichtet.

Im Weltkrieg ist das ganze Niederrassen- und Mischlingstum unter Führung von Rom und Juda wie auf Atlantis planmäßig gereinigt worden, um die Reste der arischen Rasse zu vernichten.

264 - suchen die Herrschaft des atlantis chen Papismus mit allen Mitteln der Lügen und Täuschung zu erhalten.

Wir gestatten uns, die verehrlichen Leser ergebenst darauf aufmerksam zu machen, daß die gewaltigen Enthüllungen in Atlantis, Edda und Bibel noch we sentlich ergänzt werden durch die nachfolgend verzeichneten, in unserem Verlage erschienenen Bücher und daß es sich empfiehlt auch diese zu lesen, wenn man die Wahrheit völlig wissen und die Ereignisse kennen lernen will, welche der atlantische Papismus und seine Helfershelfer nach sorgsam vorbereiteten Plänen zur Vernichtung unseres Volkes noch herbeiführen wird.

For a research book that does argue a site and a date, see Atlantis: The Antediluvian World.

The sea then drowns Atlantis.

Coppinger, in Grand Canary, says Atlantis was very real, and that the continent where the Atlanteans lived lay just north of the Canaries.

They were very real, and so was Atlantis, the continent where they lived, which lay just north of the Canaries here.

The swamping of the continent of Atlantis might very well correspond to the Flood.

The proclamation says they relieve Deucalion because they have great need of his powers at home in the kingdom of Atlantis.

Mothers in Atlantis name their sons Deucalion.

Deucalion says that only in Atlantis, Egypt, and Yucatan has man dared to hold his own against the beasts.

Phorenice calls down fire on a living cloven-hoofed horse and is hailed "Phorenice, Goddess of all Atlantis." She later tells Deucalion that all seven higher priests know the trick of calling down the fire, and that she filched it.

He says no one else in Atlantis knows of them.

Atlantis does.

The last army is the largest Atlantis had then raised, and Tatho commands it.

Tatho says Atlantis has changed, especially the women.

The ladies of Yucatan are less provincial now than the ladies of Atlantis were then.

Deucalion must leave the territory at the next sunrise and report in Atlantis.

Deucalion calls that a certificate of the growing power of Atlantis and of her finest over-sea colony.

Tob's woman waits by the quay in Atlantis with four youngsters.

It is twenty years since he saw Atlantis.

He reads a new Atlantis in that, where the cut of a coat can lead to torture.

She is second lady in the kingdom, and she warns Deucalion that women stand high in Atlantis now.

Zaemon's terms are bread for the starving, even if it is taken from the feasters, and Atlantis restored to the state in which it was entrusted to her.

She says all Atlantis is with them except the city and a handful on the priests' Mountain.

Under them Atlantis reached the pinnacle of human prosperity.

The cry is "Phorenice, Goddess of all Atlantis."

They will live in the royal pyramid, the rebels will go home to hunt and to fight the beasts in the provinces, the Priests' Clan will be pacified, and Atlantis will again surpass the world for peace and prosperity.

She is angry that he answers with Atlantis and not with love.

Nobody in Atlantis would take one more slave as a gift.

There is to be only one clean chin in Atlantis, on the man who is husband to the Empress.

Her proclamation takes him as husband to share the prosperity of Atlantis and to join her in guarding it.

Tob is done with Atlantis.

Since men were created by Gods who looked down from another place, some ground has been ill-adapted for them, and none more than the part of Atlantis over against Europe and Africa.

Phorenice has laid siege to the Sacred Mountain and swears that not one soul shall be left alive in Atlantis who does not bend to her will.

Zaemon says he would sacrifice his own daughter blithely if her death did a tittle of good to Atlantis.

He wants Nais promised, and Zaemon's arts can snatch her, or he will see Atlantis piled in ruins as her funeral-stone.

Zaemon hails him King of Atlantis, duly called by the High Council.

His kingdom, he says, is the Sacred Mountain and no other part of Atlantis.

The Gods, he says, have driven their plough through the rampart, and Atlantis stands as open as the country.

She says he should not have let her stand in the way of Atlantis, and that it is sweet to know he was weak there for once.

Deucalion warns him that if there is no reign for the priest-king, there will be no Atlantis left to carry either king or empress.

When Atlantis sank she left whirlpools and spoutings from her drowned fires.

On the walls and partitions are carvings, in the rude art of a bygone time, of all the beasts which lived in Atlantis.

He has seen some of those powers set loose, and he has seen Atlantis destroyed.

On the cleaned sheets he writes the matters which led to Atlantis being dragged to her death-throes.

Bailly's Lettres sur l'Atlantide de Platon et sur l'ancienne histoire de l'Asie for the names, dates, and places a later writer can set beside Timaeus and Critias and beside The History of Atlantis.

I am not comparing him with other Atlantis books in this review.

Plato did not invent the substance of the island Atlantis, and the details are not his work either.

The priest at Sais gives facts of 8 to 9000 years as facts of Egypt, and yet begins with the island Atlantis.

Its title says the tale of the island Atlantis is not a fiction.

Baer takes Judea for Plato's Atlantis.

The Atlantic people, and the people who resisted them, are lost for the time, because one does not know in which centuries to place them, and lost for the place, because Atlantis itself has disappeared.

The italic title says the tale of the island Atlantis is not a fiction.

Tale of the island Atlantis: it is not a fiction.

The sentence breaks at "facts of 8" and continues on the next page, headed 30, with "to 9000 years." Those facts are given as facts of the country itself, and yet he begins with the history of the island Atlantis, which was certainly not in Egypt.

The island Atlantis disappeared into the sea.

The island Atlantis was Neptune's lot.

They imposed the name Atlantic on that immense sea which hid, or which had once bathed, the island Atlantis.

Baer thinks that this last province is the Atlantis of Plato.

He does not on this leaf call that range the island Atlantis.

On the opening page it does not name the island Atlantis, and it does not describe a flood.

One may have believed that the island Atlantis was swallowed, or lost in the sea, only because one ceased to go there, because the accumulated ice frightened navigators who were not very bold at the beginning.

Atlantis is perhaps only closed by the ice, and defended by it.

The title is the table of the letters on Atlantis and on the ancient history of Asia.

Tale of Atlantis; it is not a fiction.

I read Hermann Wieland's Atlantis, Edda und Bibel for the names, places, and dates he would set beside Plato, the Edda, and the Bible.

Title: Atlantis, Edda und Bibel.

What he claims: Atlantis was a Germanic colony and the original of Eden, Asgard, and the holy city in the midst of the sea.

From the Egyptian priests, Atlantis was swallowed in 9564 B.C., about 11,500 years before him.

Add the 11,500 and he gets about 30,000 years of Aryan culture on Atlantis, then says the real age is hundreds of thousands (p.

Plato, as Wieland uses him, gives Atlantis 60 million people before it sank (p.

That fall, on his telling, lets Atlantis and Lemuria rise.

For Eduard Suess, Greenland is a radial cut of Atlantis, of the old red sandstone (p.

Wieland's bibliography names Donnelly, whose book is Atlantis: The Antediluvian World.

The reader is to see the links of Atlantis, the Edda, and the Bible, and to see Aryan people as the original makers of the Bible and of culture.

Critics had said that a prehistoric Atlantis was not historically and documentarily firm enough.

Perhaps it is the capital of sunk Atlantis, and perhaps Atlantis is the paradise of the Bible.

He says the next sections will try, with astronomy, geology, paleontology, anthropology, race study, and newer history, to join the Bible to the German Edda and to the old sagas of the peoples of the earth, and that the drowned continent Atlantis was a chief glory of Germanic culture.

Water piled into a girdle flood between the tropics and covered Atlantis, Lemuria, and almost all of Africa, while the caps of both hemispheres iced down to 40 degrees.

The flood saga of the Chibcha says there was a moonless time before the last flood, the one that put Atlantis under water again.

After the water ran back, Lemuria and Atlantis stood up out of the sea.

The colored peoples stayed in the hot countries and moved into the lands of Africa, Atlantis, and Lemuria that were now free of water.

Reds in America-Atlantis.

Section 4, pages 15 to 17, is the migration, and the reason Atlantis fills up with Germans.

Germans made the inventions above and, hundreds of thousands of years ago, crossed every sea in large rowing ships, learned that the earth is a ball, and reached Egypt, Africa, Polynesia, Lemuria, and America-Atlantis.

The name Atlantis is still carried by the Atlantic Ocean, the Atlas range, and Mexican cities, Aztlan.

The following leaves will tell the Germanic culture and history of Atlantis as the old sagas, the Edda, the Bible, and the Bohuslän pictures give it.

Eduard Suess, after thorough study, concludes that the Atlantis described here existed, and that Greenland is a radial cut of Atlantis, of the table of the old red sandstone.

Wegener shows that North America and Europe, and Africa and South America, once hung together and were drawn apart, leaving islands and fragments, among them sunk Atlantis.

Hörbiger and Fischer, he says, show Atlantis rising and vanishing more than once.

They say Germans furrowed the oceans hundreds of thousands of years ago and planted colonies on the Nile, in Hither Asia, Africa, the South Sea, and Atlantis-America.

A footnote bibliography runs through Scott-Elliot on Lemuria and on Atlantis from occult sources, Frobenius, Donnelly as Donelly, Otto Hauser, Otto Kiefer's 1909 Jena book on Plato's report, Zschaetzsch in 1920, Blavatsky as this copy prints Blavatzky, Suess, Wegener, Bailly, Aelian, the name he prints Broklus, Marcellus, Diodorus, Timagenes, Herodotus, Knötel in 1893 who wrongly puts Atlantis in West Africa and Morocco as Frobenius does, Olaf Rudbeck at Uppsala about 1690 who wrongly makes Sweden Atlantis, Hermann Müller in 1850 who looks in Britain, Ghillany in 1842, and others.

Those older writers, he says, speak of many islands beyond the pillars of Hercules, and of a very large island Atlantis that long ruled the islands of the sea.

Atlantis after Phoebus reached as far as England and was easy to reach from Europe, the more so because England was still joined to France thousands of years ago.

Writers who looked for Atlantis in the north are therefore not surprising.

The Atlantis of Plato and of the Bible was the remnant of that risen continent, west of the pillars of Hercules.

Atlantis and its high prehistoric Germanic culture can now count as scientifically secure.

He will describe them from the researches and the books just named, and on purpose in the reports of the priests at Sais, the Edda, and the Bible, so the reader sees that they describe Atlantis in agreement, and that the Bible often brings very old history reports, presumably copied from heathen priestly libraries.

Read the Bible places he will cite as history of Atlantis, its capital, and the Asenburg, and the scales fall from the eyes, as with the apostle Paul.

The climate of Atlantis was happy, about like southern Italy and the Atlantic remnants, the Azores and the Canaries.

He gives Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Neukölln, and Neuberlin as the modern habit, and then Troy in Germany, France, Poland, Greece, and India, a Kermanscha he reads as Germansheim in Persia, and an Idafeld and Ida range in Asia Minor and on Atlantis.

On Atlantis one finds Asen kings, holy mountains, and old Germanic cult, later twisted, he says, by the lower race.

Atlantis was the island of the blessed in the writings of the ancients.

Whether the northern race entered the risen Atlantis at the very start of the moonless time, as Fischer thinks, still needs a closer test.

After old northern custom the Aias dedicated the new land to the All-father and therefore called it Attalantis, shortened Atlantis, the land of the father, from Atta, father and ancestor, and lantis, land.

Atlantis is to be recognized in the Atlas range and in the Mexican city names Atlan and Astlan.

The Aztecs in Mexico claimed to come from a land Atlan, far in the east in the sea, so from Atlantis.

Homer can only have meant Atlantis.

"Holy, holy is God the Lord, all lands are full of his honor" sounded from the mouths of the singers on Atlantis and on his holy mountain of God already 12,000 years ago.

The Bible's phrase, a land flowing with milk and honey, is to be applied to Mitgard-Atlantis.

After the Indian Vedas, Eden lies on an island, surely Atlantis.

Atlantis, being volcanic, was very rich in gold, silver, ores, and gems.

Genesis 2 says so, and so does the tradition of old peoples who stood in relation to Atlantis.

Neighboring Central America has always been so rich in noble metals that the same may be inferred for Atlantis.

As in the north and among the Germans of the Baltic lands, the Aias divided Atlantis into districts, first nine, then ten when the border widened.

Colored peoples of Atlantis-America took over tribal signs as mixing increased.

Revelation contains old history of Atlantis and of Germanic Asen, thrown together, often falsified, and moved from the past into the future.

Under those laws the Aryan state on Atlantis flowered as no state before or after.

Red and white stones, and black lava blocks, are still found on the Azores, the remains of Atlantis, and are still used for building.

After Mexican traditions the world city on Atlantis was called Thula, that is Talheim, home in the valley, dialect Tul or Tol, valley.

The Thula of the Mexicans and the Thule of the Edda are presumably the giant city on Atlantis.

Babylon on the Euphrates was without doubt a daughter city of the trading metropolis on Atlantis.

Since the Aias called their continent Atlantis, father land, it was natural to give the capital a like name, Babylon, burg of the father.

The northern name Jerusalem, by which that Babylon on Atlantis was falsely called, seems to be of newer origin altogether.

The expression Jerusalem comes up only after David and is a false designation for the city on Atlantis.

The biblical report on Atlantis calls the spring from the holy mountain of God the well of life and the well of living water.

From that, baptism developed on Atlantis, a custom then spread among all Aryans.

In the German heroic saga of Wolf Dieterich, a queen of a far land, Troya, Atlantis, leads him.

It is the memory of the Aryan prince Odin, who left his life on the tree for his people when the lower race stormed the Aryan rule on Atlantis.

Old Indian reports of the white island Atlantis, sunk 11,500 years ago, call its holy mountain Asburj, Asenburg.

Psalm 11 also speaks of the throne of God in heaven on Atlantis.

He asks whether the Hephaestus saga is not a historical memory of Atlantis, like Ezekiel's, the likenesses being too striking.

The Atlantic custom of the seven-branched candlestick was taken over by the Jewish priestly hierarchy at Jerusalem, like much else, after they had read in Babel the old reports of the splendid temple on Atlantis.

So it may have gone with the writer of the Atlantis history in Revelation, when he saw the highest of the Asen in the temple of Poseidon in Thule or in Walhall.

Because the psalms keep naming the holy mountain of God and the holy city, the guess lies close that the holy city on Atlantis is meant, and that some psalms come from the time of Atlantis and were sung there in the temple.

As the settlement on Atlantis grew, more nurses were needed, and the woman question grew sharper because Asen men were much reduced by incessant fights with the animals, which is what the Bible calls the lower-race humans.

"Holy, holy is God the Lord" sounded from women's mouths in the All-father's temple on Atlantis.

It leads back tens of thousands of years to the Aryan paradise Atlantis.

As German saga lets great princes live on in mountains, Wodan in the Watzmann, Barbarossa in the Kyffhäuser, the people on Atlantis believed the Asen lived on in heaven and would one day rise and return.

Old American sagas, Egyptian reports and death customs, and places in the Edda and in Revelation point to the bringing of bodies to the island Atlantis.

The island of the blessed is Atlantis.

The custom was limited to those who had distinguished themselves by services to Atlantis, by discoveries and inventions, by great heroic deeds, or in some other way.

The many neighboring volcanoes on Atlantis suited that.

The acquitted were buried beside their Aryan forefathers on Atlantis, in heaven.

Zeus hurls the Titans and giants, mixed people, who want to storm heaven, the heaven hill, Asgard, on Atlantis, into Tartarus.

So church articles of faith lead back about 15,000 years into the history of the Aryan settlement Atlantis.

Everything points to Atlantis as the main seat of pyramid building.

The pyramids in the colonies are angular, three-sided and four-sided, so they depart from the original model on Atlantis.

The heaven hill on Atlantis was still a faithful image of the sanctuaries the Aias had raised in the polar lands, thought of as copies of the vault of heaven and of the sun's path.

The circular and elliptical form, of which thousands still stand in northern Europe, is ancient and older than the step-hill on Atlantis.

Therefore Zschaetzsch's view, that the Aryans came from Atlantis, is a mistaken one.

Atlantis was only one of the many Germanic settlements, and the one most important for Germanic world culture.

One carried the bodies, in old memory of the passage to Atlantis, over the world sea, over the Nile, or over an artificial lake, toward the west, where the sun sinks.

Section 21, pages 73 and 74, is the short chronology I would set beside any other writer's date for the end of Atlantis.

Atlantis, after the records of the Egyptian priests, was swallowed by the sea in the year 9564 before Christ, so about 11,500 years ago.

Atlantis ist nach den Aufzeichnungen der ägyptischen Priester im Jahre 9564 vor Christi, also vor rund 11 500 Jahren vom Meere verschlungen worden.

The sense is that, after the Egyptian priests' records, the sea swallowed Atlantis in 9564 B.C., about 11,500 years before he writes.

On the age of the Aryan culture on Atlantis, the traditions of the Central American peoples give an answer.

Add the 11,500 years since the fall, and the Aryan culture on Atlantis gets a stretch of about 30,000 years.

Central American sagas, the sagas of the old culture peoples of the Mediterranean, Homer, the Edda, and the Atlantic chronicle in the Bible, Revelation, agree that Atlantis was visited by terrible natural events, some of which recall the Egyptian plagues.

Deep-sea research found, a few decades ago, that where Atlantis had been there is a far-stretched rise in the Atlantic, the scene of giant volcanic disturbances within a measurable geological interval.

Revelation reports great earthquakes on Atlantis in several places.

The consequences are the same as on Atlantis: famine and pest, of which Revelation 11 reports.

After chapter 6:8 the fourth part of the people on Atlantis perished.

Ezekiel 5 and 14:21 also speak of the various plagues on Atlantis.

The lower race was given power over all families, languages, and heathen, and all who lived on the earth, Atlantis, and whose names did not stand in the golden book of life, worshipped the terrible dragon.

It is most strange, he writes, that already many thousands of years ago, when this history report on Atlantis was written, red was the color of revolution and of the lower race.

The rule of the lower-race beast on Atlantis must have been very tyrannical.

Chapter 7 describes the lament of the survivors, that God may avenge the blood of the murdered on the lower race who live on the earth, Atlantis.

Read Daniel 8 and the Revelation places he then names, and it is beyond doubt, he says, that they are only the appearance of a comet on Atlantis, its growth, its collision with the earth, and the terrible results.

The beast, the comet's tail, grew up to the host of heaven, threw part of it and of the stars to earth, trod them, and laid waste the dwellings of the Asen sanctuary on Atlantis.

Great woe was among those who lived on the earth, the survivors on Atlantis.

The kings on Atlantis, the great, the rich, and all who knew, hid in time in the clefts and rocks of the mountains.

A place in Ovid's Metamorphoses, song 2, line 40, also refers to the world fire on Atlantis: the Negro bands blackened first from blood boiling into the pores, and Libya's fields became Saharas where the glow swallowed all moisture.

The comet that caused the world fire is also the stone in Daniel 2:35 that filled the whole world, that is, the comet smashed the whole culture on Atlantis.

Why do the traditions of the old culture peoples and the splendid description in the Bible agree so strikingly about the world fire on Atlantis?

He holds that the Germans already brought a certain culture when they entered Atlantis.

Professor Otto Hauser found in southern France a circular sanctuary which on his statements reaches back 30,000 years, built on like architectural and astronomical ideas as the holy circles on Atlantis.

Culture on Atlantis developed extraordinarily fast compared with north and central Europe.

On Atlantis, as in Egypt, a host of slaves stood ready.

By that knowledge one distinguishes four ages on Atlantis: a golden, a silver, a bronze, and an iron.

As Central and South America have long been marked by great gold wealth, so Atlantis had a natural wealth of gold.

Various stone tools in European stone-age graves are of rock that points to Mexico and Atlantis as the land of origin, so industry and trade in stone tools may already have been carried on in an early stone age.

All reports of Atlantis speak of an enormous wealth in gold, silver, and gems, and of great gold and silver treasures on the royal burg Asgard.

It is worth considering whether the gold wealth of prehistoric Germany, which Professor Kossinna praises in various publications, is not somehow connected with Atlantis and its world trade.

In ancient abandoned mine galleries at Lake Ontario one still found copper blocks dug out by miners and suddenly abandoned, presumably at the fall of Atlantis.

Such copper may first have been worked into the copper tools found in masses among the mound builders of the Mississippi plain, which force one to assume a copper age for the Mississippi plain and for Atlantis, then surely closely joined.

Frobenius shows that Atlantis also stood in trade connection with West Africa, Senegambia and Nigeria, and that the great light-colored Yoruba families of the holy city Ife are probably remains, gone Negro, of an Atlantic colonial population.

On Atlantis and in its colonies the use of iron set in very early.

The Egyptian priests tell Solon nothing of the use of iron on Atlantis, but Ovid, in the Metamorphoses, which contain the old traditions, speaks of the golden, silver, bronze, and iron ages.

The Bible reports that refer to Atlantis and come from the Atlantic time already use the word iron, so Revelation 19:15 and 12:5.

So the use of iron was already known on Atlantis about 12,000 years ago.

If iron was already worked on Atlantis, it is no surprise that iron was used in Egypt already in the time of the first dynasties.

Both say that America and Egypt already stood in culture relations in the dark of prehistory, and that through Atlantis.

If the old Egyptians and Chinese already used gunpowder, a mixture of sulfur, saltpeter, and charcoal, and a sort of Greek fire for fireworks, their knowledge came from the Aryan motherland Atlantis.

Scott-Elliot, Atlantis, page 76, Leipzig 1903.

The lower race probably also came into possession of the secret through the priests who betrayed the fatherland, and used it against the holy ones of God, the Aryans on Atlantis.

If Egyptian culture is demonstrably so old, how high must the age of the Atlantic motherland be rated, and if Egypt already knew electricity, lightning rods, the preparation of oils of every kind, of beer, soaps, glycerine oil, paper, glass, and perfume, how high must industrial technique have stood in the motherland Atlantis.

If the anthropologist shows that the German is the born farmer and gardener, animal breeder and plant breeder, it is believable what Plato says of the high development of agriculture and gardening on Atlantis.

The banana was bred on Atlantis and introduced from there into the Atlantic colonies America and Africa.

So on Atlantis were found our best useful plants, including potato, vine, banana, coconut, fruit tree, and oranges, the golden apples of the Hesperides.

Atlantis had become the culture garden of the old world and the mother of our culture.

Plato tells us there was an admirable royal power on Atlantis.

After the Egyptian priests there was a highly developed school system on Atlantis.

Indian secret writings speak of great libraries on Atlantis.

After the reports of the Wieland saga, Richter, Götter und Helden, Leipzig, and the corresponding Greek sagas, which agree with the Atlantic reports in the Bible, the art of flight was also known to the Aryan culture bearers on Atlantis, and namely gliding flight.

Raw products of every kind streamed into Atlantis.

Twelve thousand warships, with a fleet admiral, provided after Plato's report for safety on Atlantis, on the sea, and in the far countries.

The hint of the city in the midst of the sea and by the many islands, and the extremely rich trade, can refer only to Babylon on Atlantis.

The falsifiers were so careless as to leave standing the very places most probative for Atlantis.

The traditions of the Chaldeans and the Central Americans agree that white gods came to them out of the sea, out of Atlantis, and brought them culture.

Atlantis too sought to widen its political power.

After Plato, and after Isaiah 41 and 42 and the Revelation chapter he numbers 27, Atlantis commanded many other islands and parts of the mainland.

The priests at Sais told Solon that Atlantis once tried to subject prehistoric Greece.

Atlantis may have had about the position of world-ruling Rome and of sea-mighty England.

The streaming in of mixed people and lower-race people from the colonies, and the slave economy, necessarily worsened the Aryan race on Atlantis, as among all seafaring nations, and this circumstance shaped its further fate with the force of natural law.

Remains of mighty step pyramids everywhere point to one thought, and to their common model, the stepped heaven hill on Atlantis.

They show a strange likeness to the terraced holy hills raised in Germany in Atlantic time and to the Egyptian and German step pyramids, and they are provided with underground passages and grave chambers just like the heaven hill on Atlantis.

If one recalls that the fall of Atlantis called forth a quite enormous flood wave that ran around the whole globe, and that for weeks cloudbursts visited the Atlantic and the neighboring lands, the conclusion lies very near that the doubtless Atlantic Aryan colony in the plain of North America was destroyed at that catastrophe.

Schliemann is said to have found works of art from Atlantis in his digs.

It is the fall of Atlantis.

Here one is dealing with old Atlantic culture, presumably destroyed by the giant flood wave that arose at the fall of Atlantis, like the mound builders.

One can see the effort to bury the bodies of respected persons as in the heaven hill on Atlantis.

The walls of the existing, very strange buildings, many thousands of years old, and also the walls of the quarries, show strange hieroglyphs, wall paintings, and geometric drawings that point to a picture writing, undecipherable as in prehistoric Europe and America, and, like that culture, the product of one and the same race, presumably the Aryan race that once ruled Atlantis.

Presumably the sudden fall of Atlantis, or of the mainland of which Easter Island formed a part, whose great people, standing at a high culture stage, died a gruesome death, except for a remnant, later died out, that fled to the peaks of the mountains, the present Easter Island.

At that sunk culture, with its holy hills, ring-wall works, stone circles, monoliths, pyramids, and terraced hills, meanders, spirals, coffer and staff ornaments, one can only be dealing with Aryans, and that oldest inexplicable culture comes without doubt from the time of the Atlantic Aryans and was suddenly interrupted in its further development by the fall of Atlantis.

The claim of an Aryan Germanic culture on Atlantis and in the Atlantic colonies, especially in Central America, receives a further support in the fact that after the discovery of America, remains of a white Germanic population were seen and described.

In these white Indians one may see remains of the Aryan culture race from Atlantis-America.

All political events on Atlantis are the natural-law consequences of rapidly increasing race mixing, which the old Atlanteans, in clear knowledge of its people-destroying and state-destroying effect, forbade most strictly, but in vain.

The biblical saga of the expulsion from paradise may be a description of a historical event on Atlantis after the world fire.

When the Asen came from the northland to Atlantis they found on the shores man-like creatures, whom they called Ask and Embla.

They thereby showed those peoples the secrets of their power and their treasures, which in the sequel led to destroying fights of these peoples against Atlantis itself.

Revolt of the lower race on Atlantis was, after Revelation and after natural law, nothing rare.

After the rock pictures of Bohuslän, the expulsion from paradise was the expulsion of the Hebrews, a mixed people, from Atlantis.

So it is also explained how they came to the ancient reports from Atlantis in the Bible, and to the Bible falsifications.

It too was originally a report of the fall of Atlantis and was then mixed with the later fights of the Greeks against Ilion, Troy.

This showed especially in Loki, the high priest on Atlantis, who was married to a giantess, a descendant of a mixed man, and had three mixed children.

As France in the Huguenot wars and in the great French Revolution lost its best Aryan blood, so Atlantis in the world war and in the revolution about 12,500 years ago.

As with us and in Russia the proletarians made long faces when the rule of the false prophets began, so on Atlantis.

After Ezekiel 1 to 4 this man visited Atlantis himself, was led about, and also saw the Atlantic priest god, the pope, sitting on the All-father's chair.

Neither party could enjoy the victory, for both were surprised, after the agreeing reports of the ancients, by the fall of Atlantis, and only a few will have escaped the earthquake.

The people of Atlantis, the bastards of animal-man and children of the sun, Theos, of the lower race and of Germans, became evil from youth up.

When the reds and the other colored people had seized the rule, the culture state Atlantis became a robber state, as in historical time, through the predominance of dark blood, Carthage, Phoenicia, Rome, England, and France.

The priests at Sais told Plato that Atlantis made raiding marches to the east, to Europe, and to Greece several times.

The mighty ruins of cities in Central and South America and the mound builders of North America tell that America-Atlantis in far prehistoric time possessed enormous, mostly red, masses of peoples.

After Plato, Atlantis alone had 60 million before the sinking.

From the tale of the priests at Sais we know that great Germanic bands fought in Atlantis itself with the red Atlantic Hebrew devil race and sank with Atlantis.

The fall of the great Babel, Atlantis, the great whore on the sea, that is of the accursed mixed race, was to become of the greatest importance for the white race.

Because Babylon on Atlantis was the only world trading city, and culture streamed from it into all the world, a colorful race mixture arose there, worse from century to century, and turned into a true race chaos when Atlantis became the thousand-year priest state.

Otto Hauser, the anthropologist and literary historian, pictures the cause and effect of the gruesome race mixing on Atlantis in his mighty epic of the same name, in which, independently of Wieland, he comes to the same thoughts.

Hauser, Atlantis.

Had Atlantis continued, a boundless race mixing and with it moral ruin would have come over the whole world, and the purpose of creation would not have been fulfilled.

He wanted to wipe out again the men, the human animals, whom he had created, with all the beasts on Atlantis.

The great whore Babylon on Atlantis had become a habitation of devils, human animals, and a hold of every unclean spirit and every unclean bird, full of immoral mixed people and lower-race people.

The enormous attraction of the approaching moon drew the floods of the world sea off from the polar regions into the warmer latitudes, so that Atlantis and Lemuria were covered by the sea.

After the reports of the Egyptian priests, agreeing with the geological findings, and after the Indian secret teachings, the vanishing of Atlantis happened in different stretches of time and in parts.

Crater walls tore, and the red wolf, the lava, rolled destroying over the fields of Atlantis.

Ezekiel too pictures the sudden fall of Atlantis, chapters 27:36 and 28:19.

Since these chapters speak of the city in the midst of the sea, whose borders are in the midst of the sea, whose prince sits on the throne of God in the midst of the sea, on the holy mountain of God, and since this city is expressly designated as the one that is in God's pleasure garden, Eden, the Idafeld, paradise, and rich in gems of every kind, only Babylon on Atlantis can be meant, and no other.

We may be grateful to the falsifiers of the history of Atlantis that they left the fitting places standing and so handed us the history.

The book of the prophet Ezekiel seems altogether, like Revelation, to occupy itself in the main only with Atlantis.

Among the Mayas of Yucatan, about 3,500 years ago, a report of the fall of Atlantis was written.

In the saga treasure of old Persia, which also contains the history of Atlantis, the report is likewise made that Atlantis sank about 11,500 years ago.

Psalms 18, 33, 42:7-8, 45, 65, 67, 89, 93, 96 to 99, 103, and 107, which contain a quite clear hint of the events at the fall of Atlantis, are without doubt a thank-song of survivors for their rescue.

A rising again of Atlantis and Lemuria, of which last some parts are covered with only 75 meters of water, is no longer possible.

The water mass of the earth will thereby be so enlarged that Atlantis and Lemuria can never rise again, not even at the great return flood.

The fall of Atlantis was for civilization, for many thousands of years out, an irreplaceable loss.

Whether for the Aryan race, is hardly to be affirmed, rather to be denied, for the race mixing and race ruin going out from Atlantis would have drawn the still race-pure Aryan tribes in the north into its whirl, and the purpose of creation would have been wholly lost.

From Ezekiel 26, 27, and 28 and from Revelation one can somewhat see what a mighty economic importance Atlantis had for the first culture period of the earth.

Otherwise with Atlantis.

With Atlantis the light of the whole world had gone down.

At the fall, great troop masses from the Aryan lands, from Gog and Magog, that is from northern Europe, had gone down with Atlantis into the gruesome deep.

Given the importance of Atlantis, it is no wonder that it lives on for thousands of years in saga and history of all culture peoples.

To all appearance the author of Ezekiel was sent to Atlantis to bring home an exact report on burg, city, and temple.

After Ezekiel 4:1 the reporter even scratched a plan of the capital of Atlantis, in the usual way, on a clay tablet.

Valuable news from Atlantis was also kept in the Egyptian temple libraries, especially at Sais, or the priests there could not have laid before Solon the most exact historical reports, agreeing with the Edda and the other traditions.

Here they find the remarkable writings on Atlantis.

A Jewish priest state is to be raised on the pattern of the Atlantic priest state, and its capital is to be Jerusalem, to which one attaches the name of the holy city of God on Atlantis, while one calls the Asenburg Asgard on Atlantis the burg Zion.

In Jerusalem a temple is raised on the pattern of the All-father's temple on the heaven hill in Atlantis, recorded on old clay tablets.

To prove the alleged Aryan descent of the rabble people, the family tree of its alleged patriarchs Jacob, Isaac, and Abraham is led back to Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden on Atlantis, and the old Aryan traditions and prophecies are referred to them.

The old Aryan history reports of world creation, paradise, fall, flood, Atlantis, and Baldur the Messiah are set up as revelations of the Jewish desert god and national idol Jahwe.

All the other chapters are nothing but reports of Atlantis and its history, mixed up helter-skelter.

The reports of the prophets and of the apocryphal book of Enoch about the Ase Baldur and about Atlantis are so falsified that they appear as prophecies of the coming Logos, the Messiah, and of the coming world events.

With the fall of Atlantis, not only the only industrial and trading center of the world had gone, but also its financial center, easily explainable given the gold and silver wealth of Atlantis.

Had all the Aryan tribes then gone down with Atlantis or been rooted out, the history of human culture would have been at an end, and mankind would have sunk again into the animal state out of which the Aryans, after the agreeing traditions of the old culture peoples, had pulled it by teaching and by blood mixing, and the creation would have been in vain.

At the beginning of our era the Aryan blood that had flowed south was already so far spoiled that in the classical culture lands of the Mediterranean the same conditions ruled as on Atlantis at the time of the rising of the mixed and the lower race against the Aias.

From the previous section it already appears that Atlantis and the Bible stand in a very near connection.

In the old Indian literature of the Brahmans it is said that a learned astronomer, astrologer, and magician from Atlantis, named Asuramaya, left works in India on which the chronology and the calculations of the Brahman scholars rested.

The learned Jesuit Father Kircher, after studying the Oriental languages and writings, comes to the conclusion that all legends of Atlantis must at bottom be only the unveiling of a great truth.

When the persecution of the Aryans on Atlantis began and the Aryan Atlantic scholars were driven out by the lower-race mob, they kept their knowledge secret and shared it only with such Aryans as they held worthy to be their pupils.

The terrible events on Atlantis had taught the Aryans that it would be equivalent to suicide to equip the beasts and the heathen any longer with knowledge that those would use only as weapons.

The ancient teachings common to all Aryan tribes, on the origin of the world, the history of the earth, of mankind, and of the races, the fall of Atlantis, and so on, which were laid down in the Chaldean, Akkadian, and Egyptian libraries and in Greek writings, were at last worked by the Jews, and first by Ezra, about 500 B.C.

That book of Enoch, in which parts of the gospels are also found, also pictures the history of the chosen Aryan people, for whom the Jews fraudulently give themselves out, refers expressly to the initiated Atlantic Aryans, pictures the punishment of the Atlantic Aryans who sinned against the race laws, and the fall of Atlantis.

After Blavatsky II, 84, the book of Enoch is originally of Indian origin and goes back to the time before the destruction of Atlantis.

With the death of the wise and just Baldur and with the fall of the land, Atlantis lost its shine, its power, and its golden age of the Arias.

A wreath of sagas formed about the people's favorite, Baldur, which has lasted, and the mighty Ase Baldur on Atlantis is meant.

The mixed man Loki, the high priest on Atlantis, stood in the way of the Asen rule's end, or rather Baldur stood in the way of Loki's end goal.

The holy ones of God on Atlantis were thrown down.

With the throwing down of the Aryan rule on Atlantis, the golden age was gone.

The people on Atlantis longed, out of the priest rule, for the just and mild government of Baldur.

Visitors from the colonies on Atlantis felt that and made report.

Bible and Edda here speak of Atlantis and Baldur, for the islands belonging to Atlantis are expressly meant.

Baldur will wipe out all the gods, and all the islands of the heathen, the islands belonging to Atlantis in the midst of the sea, must worship him.

Isaiah 60:5 and 9 speaks expressly of Atlantis on the sea and of Baldur.

Psalm 72 refers expressly to Baldur and Atlantis between the seas.

Section 33, pages 165 to 171, is the same figure under other cult names, from the fall of Atlantis to the present, and the claim that the Roman church continues the Atlantic priest state.

The god-father Odin, the god-son Baldur, and the mother of God Freia played, under other names, a great part in all religions from the decline of Atlantis to the present.

Section 34, pages 171 to 199, is the longest, and it is the section in which he refuses a Jesus in Palestine about 1,900 years ago and puts a Germanic king Esus either on Atlantis or in Germany, at Goslar, before the flood.

The Germans, on their colonization marches, brought their history and saga and the tidings of the deeds of their high ancestors into all the world, also to India and to Atlantis-America.

Those were the colored devil peoples, Taifals, breaking into Europe from Atlantis, America, and Asia in devastating raids.

Jesus therefore had, in the gray prehistory, to fight the Jews and their allies, the Taifals and the Satans, and to suffer from them, and not in Palestine, but either on Atlantis itself or in Germany.

The prince of the sea was beaten with his heathen and Moors, and his land, Atlantis, came into deep misery.

Presumably the peoples subjected by Atlantis used the defeat of the sea king for a rising against him.

The land in the west, Atlantis, was laid waste, and the children of the east, Mongols, the dragon, had to draw into misery, and many died of hunger on the way and became food for the wolves and the fire.

I have given the names, places, and the two dates he is willing to use, Atlantis or Germany, and before the last flood.

The devilish aim, his word, was gradually to wipe out the last traces of Aryan blood on Atlantis and in the Atlantic colonies, so as to rule the remaining mass.

The customs of the Atlantic priest state naturally entered all the Atlantic colonies after the throwing down of the Aryans, and are found, after many court judgments, still today among the people he derives from Atlantis.

The high priest Loki's aim on Atlantis, the rooting out of the Aryan race, is the aim he assigns to the later church.

The new Atlantis fact in this stretch is not a new date.

So the death of many Aryan cultures is explained, and the victory of the lower race on Atlantis.

Even a superficial comparison shows a remarkable likeness of the events on Atlantis and those of the World War.

As in the cities on Atlantis, so in the German cities.

On Atlantis the organized Atlantic priesthood took the leadership of the lower race.

The English and French fleet blockaded the Germans as at Atlantis.

As on Atlantis, one slandered the Aryan leaders.

On Atlantis it was pretended that only the throwing down of the monarchy was in question.

By geological events a part of them was destroyed, the fall of Lemuria and of Atlantis.

The Atlantis claims already stated are not added to.

Lemuria and Atlantis are named once more as the geological destruction of part of the mixed peoples.

The allegedly prophetic parts of the Bible, the prophets and Revelation, are reports of Atlantis and Baldur and of the history of the Aryans, trimmed for the purposes of Judaism and provided with many additions.

In the World War the whole lower-race and mixed being was planfully cleaned, under the leadership of Rome and Judah, as on Atlantis, in order to destroy the remains of the Aryan race.

The Großdeutscher Verlag at Weißenburg asks the reader to notice that the unveilings in Atlantis, Edda und Bibel are still essentially completed by the books listed afterward, which appeared from the same press, and that it is advisable to read these too if one wants to know the truth fully and to learn the events which the Atlantic papacy and its helpers, after carefully prepared plans, will still bring on for the destruction of our people.

I do not bring in another writer's site, date, or race for Atlantis.

A later Atlantic book on this site is Atlantis: The Antediluvian World.

The title page continues: an examination of the origin and of the civil, political, military, and religious state, the arts, industry, sciences, manners, and usages of the ancient inhabitants of America; the great epochs of nature; the ancient communication of the two hemispheres; and the last revolution that made Atlantis disappear.

The peoples could meet because a very large land, the Atlantis of the Egyptian story Plato reports, stood in the Atlantic between the continents.

Son of Saturn, son of Uranus, king of Atlantis.

He knows Plato's Atlantis has been taken for a fable.

Strabo, who believes the fact without following the dimensions, was content to say Atlantis was larger than a continent, a vague word.

Distinguish in his writings what is pure speculation, literature, criticism, or history, and then consider his discourse on Atlantis.

The character of the persons and of the writing does not permit us to regard this history of Atlantis as a fable.

Joining by lands the peaks of the mountains that the islands form, spread as he has said through a space of eighty degrees, we have formed an island he will call Atlantis, situated between our continent and that of America.

The power of the kings who dominated in this island Atlantis was very great.

If Plato had had before his eyes a map of the world representing the ocean with the opposite shores of the two continents, would he ever have designated Atlantis better?

Strabo, book II, regarded as a very probable thing the narrative Plato gives of Atlantis.

Egypt had kept the memory of the submersion of a great island called Atlantis, situated in the middle of the ocean.

If Atlantis was submerged at the same time that the ocean, raised to a considerable height, introduced itself into our countries, one cannot doubt that it existed when the lands between Gibraltar and Syria, and between Africa and Italy, were dry, except some lakes which had to receive the waters of several rivers and which have now become the deepest places of the Mediterranean.

The idea of some ancient island in the ocean is not enough to prove everything Plato told of the vast Atlantis.

As soon as the ocean had withdrawn from our hemisphere, which it covered in the first state indicated by the archives of the earth itself, and the volcanoes, which ceased in great part, had left dry the surface that became habitable, a communication was established between the peoples of Atlantis, our continent, and that of America, before the discovery of iron and the invention of writing and of coin, that is at an epoch of more than three thousand years before our era.

These emigrations become still more likely when one reflects that those countries were also partly submerged by the inundation that covered Atlantis and the basin of the Mediterranean.

Was the last submersion, which swallowed Atlantis, the Mediterranean, and a part of the East Indies, a consequence of the universal deluge?

If, on the other hand, a number of peoples were submerged at the same time as Atlantis, in the four parts of the globe, it is no less evident that a certain number also escaped here and there, in the highest countries, particularly on the peaks of the mounts that today form the islands of the vast seas, and that they preserved the memory of this terrible event.

If the Mediterranean is a new sea, if the opening of the strait of Gibraltar and the irruption of the ocean on Atlantis are facts attested by the constant tradition of all the ancients, and if the observations of the philosopher-geographers of his day and the discoveries of the most enlightened navigators in the Pacific conspire to prove the truth of this catastrophe, he sees no inconsistency in maintaining that the lands now flooded were uncovered thousands of centuries ago and had their inhabitants.

Does he think this submersion of Atlantis is the one the Greeks named the deluge of Deucalion or of Ogyges, which some writers place at epochs different from Noah's, and of which several others make one and the same catastrophe?

If Phoroneus lived in that time, and if the irruption the ocean made on Atlantis goes back to the time of the Egyptian Hercules, it seems to him well demonstrated that this same inundation is the one the ancients called the deluge of Ogyges.

Carli leaves that as Newton's claim and does not build the Atlantis date on it.

It is, as we have seen, in the time of Hercules that the sea covered Atlantis.

Thus the catastrophe that submerged Atlantis and several other parts of the globe must be fixed between the two epochs of 4600 and of 3000 before our era.

This letter is a running criticism of Robertson's History of America, not a new site for Atlantis.

This letter does not name Atlantis again.

This closing matter does not touch Atlantis or a lost Atlantic land.

I name Atlantis: The Antediluvian World and The History of Atlantis only so that those books stay separate.

Volcanic fire broke it and sank the richest regions between one rising of the morning star and the next, in one day and one fatal night, which he sets beside Plato's Atlantis.

Atlantis, by that name.

He refuses the charge that he is telling a novel, "as has been said of Plato, about Atlantis" (p.

Osiris, for the world, is the half of the American continent that the eruptions sent to the bottom of the abyss in one single day and one fatal night, as Plato says of Atlantis, and between one rising of the morning star and the next, according to the Codex Chimalpopoca (p.

After four days of agony, the dawn of the fifth day showed a new world, and Atlantis had disappeared with its inhabitants.

The sense is that he is not telling a novel, as has been said of Plato on the subject of Atlantis.

The sense is that Osiris, for the world, is the half of the American continent which the volcanic eruptions sent down to the bottom of the abyss in one single day and one fatal night, as Plato for his part says when speaking of Atlantis, and between one rising of the morning star and the next, according to the Codex Chimalpopoca.

Humboldt, with all the force of his genius, had himself affirmed, after a thorough examination, that the myth of Atlantis, in its simplest expression, designates the epoch of a war of peoples who lived beyond the Pillars of Hercules against those who are to the east, that is an irruption from the west.

Nothing more natural: Atlantis no longer existing, what remained of its eastern inhabitants must have taken refuge in Africa, as the western ones in America.

The same region, and this fact is the more worthy of attention because Diodorus nowhere mentions the destruction of the Atlantis of Solon, offered great volcanic eruptions.

The sense is that, despite the sarcasms launched in his own day against the last century's theories about Atlantis, Humboldt did not think he should reject Plato's historical romance among the fables.

The sense is that Atlantis had disappeared with its inhabitants and with all the beings that peopled it.

Ben Leslie's Submerged Atlantis Restored in the Cornell University Library scan, GN 751.L63, from the Charles William Wason Collection.

I will set his Atlantic dates and races where a reader can put them beside Plato's Timaeus and Critias, Spence's History of Atlantis, Spence's Problem of Atlantis, Spence's Occult Sciences in Atlantis, and Donnelly's Atlantis: The Antediluvian World.

Phelon's Our Story of Atlantis is another spirit-medium book.

Title: Submerged Atlantis Restored, with the Atlantian gloss Links and Cycles.

The continent: The Lontidri of Atlantis, six Teltzie, Et, We, Set, Ket, Zret, and Sot, treated as sections 1 through 6.

About 1000 years after Atlantis, nine convulsions occupy about 4500 years in the West Indies, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean.

C., and the Shemozan, or Sphinx, at Gizeh credited to two Atlantian rulers who bear the name Atlantis (p.

I do not treat that sentence as an Atlantis testimony.

The chapter adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, flood, or Antediluvian claim.

It adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, flood, or Antediluvian claim.

A map of Atlantis is indexed at printed page 63, just before this teltzie.

He treats the West Indies as peaks of ranges in submerged South Atlantis, and the Caribees as remnants of the Gasibbee range.

About 22000 years ago, according to the traditions that were handed down to the Atlantian people of the third Efremetrum, a Teltzie of the pre-historic period of Atlantis, south of their historic Teltzie Sot, and of the southeastern extremity of Teltzie Zret, had been submerged by the waters of the then great Xa-ma'thray (original name of the South Atlantic Ocean, meaning great body of water), which was caused by convulsions in that section.

Inscription plates are indexed from 183 to 186, and a Government Monument of Atlantis at 187.

I do not transcribe the later national roll as a new list of Atlantis claims.

The Shemozan at Gizeh was designed and constructed by Atlantis Shemozan, the first Shacha, or ruler, and his son Atlantis Saban, the second Shacha.

The book also prints Atlantis Seban.

The Cuzetens named the first male offspring Atlantis.

The claim is development along the architect cycle already opened, not a new site for Atlantis.

It is not, by itself, an Atlantis claim.

Mosaic artists of Atlantis, and of pre-historic Egypt, Greece, and Italy, from printed page 414.

They add no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, flood, or Antediluvian claim of their own.

The contents print Terra Gotta, of Atlantis and then of pre-historic Egypt, Arabia, Assyria, Greece, and Italy, from printed page 505.

I do not convert the later artists into a second Atlantis.

In Atlantis they were known for remaining secluded, from an extreme sensitiveness he attributes to their being highly magnetic or electric.

About 1000 years subsequent to the submergence of Atlantis, a great system of nine periodical convulsions occurred, and had place in the region of the West Indies islands, Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea, that occurred throughout a period of about 4500 years.

He calls it Atlantis and, later, Atlan.

Atlantis is an Atlantic island, and he says Plato is mainly right.

Poseidon, he says Plato says, was the first king of Atlantis.

Their greatest recorded cataclysm was Atlantis.

The preface is a complaint about American neglect, not a history of Atlantis.

The preface adds no Atlantis claim and no Mu claim.

None of this stretch is an Atlantis claim.

We must not forget that Plato informs us that the priests of Egypt assured Solon, when he visited them 600 years before the Christian era, that all communications between their people and the inhabitants of the "Lands of the West" had been interrupted for 9,000 years, in consequence of the great cataclysms, during which, in one night, the large island of Atlantis disappeared, submerged under the waves of the ocean.

The island is the large island of Atlantis, gone in one night, and the reason Egypt lost touch with the Lands of the West.

The triangle here is the whole country, the Lands of the West, three great continents: North and South America, and "the great island," called Atlantis by Plato, which disappeared in a cataclysm under the ocean, as the author of the Troano describes it, confirming the Egyptian priests to Solon (p.

The greatest cataclysm in the books was the one in which Atlantis disappeared under the waves in one day and night, from violent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

This leaves no longer room for doubting that a large continent existed in the middle of the Atlantic ocean, and which was destroyed within the memory of man; and that the narrative by Plato of the submersion of Atlantis is, in the main, correct.

The twelve serpent heads he brought to light in December 1883, from the center of the mausoleum of the high pontiff Cay at Chichen-Itza, are emblematic of the twelve rulers who had reigned in Mayax in times anterior to the great cataclysm when Atlantis was submerged.

Plato, he says, makes Poseidon the first king of Atlantis, and the Greek mythologists make him a son of Kronos.

It enters Atlantis as submerged, p.

What I can set beside other writers from this book is therefore a western motherland he calls Mayax and the Land of Kui, an Atlantic island he calls Atlantis and Atlan, a royal house of serpent, fish, turtle, leopard, macaw, and flower, and a Quiche initiation at Xibalba in seven houses.

Neptune, king of Atlantis, had ten children.

He places the start of the metallurgical art in Atlantis, because the Azores are only debris, or were part of the neighboring islands Plato speaks of (p.

No historical problem was more disputed than the reality of Atlantis, and he wants the reader's attention only for one side of the question which he thinks has not been studied enough.

Atlantis, Plato says, lay west of the pillars of Hercules.

According to Verneuil and Collomb, Atlantis would have remained joined to Spain and to the south of France during the whole tertiary epoch.

A footnote says that after Hamy, Atlantis developed particularly toward the 45th degree of latitude, and that he will return to that important point (p.

Plato alludes to them by saying that in the time of Atlantis the sea was navigable (p.

The fall of Atlantis, which was so sudden, therefore seems to continue slowly, and the shoals to undergo a certain transformation (pp.

There was the hearth of a vast colonization whose influence was felt toward the east as toward the west, and whose effects would remain inexplicable if a people as numerous as civilized had not existed, precisely in the place which geology, like tradition, gives to Atlantis.

Neptune, king of Atlantis, had ten children, of whom the eldest, Atlas, gave his name to the country, and who reigned, they and their descendants, during a long series of generations.

He places the point of departure of the metallurgical art in Atlantis, since the Azores are only debris, or were part of the neighboring islands of which Plato speaks.

A footnote says he can speak here only of known deposits, but if one judges by those of the neighboring countries, how much metallurgical wealth Atlantis must have contained (p.

This chapter adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, or flood claim.

It adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, or flood claim.

It adds no Atlantis claim.

It adds no Atlantis claim.

It adds no Atlantis claim.

The only count it prints is not a date for Atlantis.

They are not a new narrative of Atlantis.

I read the Internet Archive scan of Sir Daniel Wilson, The Lost Atlantis and Other Ethnographic Studies.

The opening page of the Atlantis study prints no numeral.

I am setting his reading of the Timaeus and Critias, his answer to Brasseur, and his answer to Donnelly's Atlantis, the Antediluvian World beside the other notices on this site.

I say what each one is, and I pull only the Atlantis, flood, or origin claim that is actually in it.

Title: The Lost Atlantis and Other Ethnographic Studies.

The Lost Atlantis, pp.

What he claims: Plato's Atlantis is one of the vaguest popular legends, and Jowett is right that the Critias runs out into details with no historical value.

Language, as far as it goes, favors the Pacific over the Mediterranean route implied by Atlantis.

Until a genuine Old World inscription turns up there, the legendary Atlantis remains a myth, and pre-Columbian America keeps the credit for its own progress.

Hyde Clarke's idea that Atlantis was the king's name rather than the dominion does not move him.

His later Quatre Lettres sur le Mexique took Atlantis literally and stretched America east to the Canaries.

Bancroft's Native Races of the Pacific States points to forty-two works on Atlantis.

If Atlantis holds any historical trace at all, it is modern beside the men of the European drift and of the Delaware and California gravels (pp.

Why he trusts the Pacific more than Atlantis.

Wilson says a date that recent fits neither the faint linguistic traces nor a lost Atlantis of the elder world.

The lost Atlantis "lies still in the future." Letters can be followed from quipu and wampum to the hieroglyphs of Copan and Palenque.

The preface adds no Atlantis, flood, or origin claim of its own.

The legend of Atlantis, an island-continent lying in the Atlantic Ocean over against the Pillars of Hercules, which, after being long the seat of a powerful empire, was engulfed in the sea, has been made the basis of many extravagant speculations; and anew awakens keenest interest with the revolving centuries.

Solon had visited Sais, at the head of the Egyptian delta, and there learned from the priests of the ancient empire of Atlantis and of its overthrow by a convulsion of nature.

"The world, like a child, has readily, and for the most part, unhesitatingly accepted the tale of the Island of Atlantis."

Even in the time of Socrates, and of the elder Critias, Atlantis was already a vague and inconsistent tradition of a remote past, though not more inconsistent than much else the Greeks received.

Hyde Clarke, in an "Examination of the Legend" in the Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, concludes that Atlantis was the name of the king rather than of the dominion.

According to the account in the Timaeus, Atlantis was a continent lying over against the Pillars of Hercules, greater in extent than Libya and Asia combined; the highway to other islands and to a great ocean, of which the Mediterranean Sea was a mere harbour.

It is among the events of this older era that the overthrow of Atlantis is told: a story already "white with age" in the time of Socrates, 3400 years ago.

When the power of Atlantis was marshalled against the Mediterranean nations, Athens repelled the invader and gave liberty to the nations that had been in danger.

In the later Quatre Lettres sur le Mexique the Abbé took the legend literally and called up, "from the vasty deep," a submerged continent, or rather an eastward extension of America, including, as he thought probable, the Canaries and other insular survivals of an imaginary Atlantis.

Lost Atlantis will always tempt them.

Bancroft, in Native Races of the Pacific States, refers to forty-two different works for notices and speculations concerning Atlantis.

Ignatius Donnelly's Atlantis, the Antediluvian World.

The idea, therefore, that the new world which Columbus revealed, was none other than the long-lost Atlantis, is one that has probably suggested itself independently to many minds.

To such a people, memories of Punic exploration, Phoenician enterprise, or vague legends of an Atlantis beyond the ocean were equally useless.

Turning from Old World myths to New, he finds traces that seem interpretable as an American counterpart of the Atlantis legend.

Readers who take the Timaeus references to political relations common to Atlantis and parts of Libya and Europe, or who favor early intercourse between the Mediterranean and the western continent, have naturally turned to the Eskuara of the Basques.

If the vague legend of the lost Atlantis embodies any trace of remotest historical tradition, it belongs to a modern era compared with the men either of the European drift, or of the post-glacial deposits of the Delaware and the auriferous gravels of California.

Such evidence as a comparison of languages thus far supplies, lends more countenance to the idea of migration through the islands of the Pacific, than to such a route from the Mediterranean as is implied in any significance attached to the legend of Atlantis.

But, whatever intercourse may possibly have then been carried on between the Old and the New World, it must be obvious, on mature reflection, that so recent a date for the peopling of South America from Asia is as little reconcilable with the very remote traces of linguistic affinity thus far adduced, as it is with any fancied relationship with a lost Atlantis of the elder world.

They are not more substantial than the old legend of Atlantis.

The legend of the lost Atlantis is true in this, if in nothing else, that it relegates the knowledge of the world beyond the Atlantic, by the maritime races of the Mediterranean, to a time already of hoar antiquity in the age of Socrates, or even of Solon.

Isaac Taylor, in The Alphabet, places that cutting in a half-legendary period, more ancient even than the epoch assigned to Solon, Thales, and the seven wise men, the period from which the legend of Atlantis was professedly derived.

If traces of the lost Atlantis are ever recovered in the New World, it must be by some indubitable memorial of that kind.

It cannot be, he argues, that Egyptian, Assyrian, Hittite, and Phoenician traces still survive in the Old World, and that the Northmen's runes have put their pre-Columbian explorations beyond question, and yet that not a single trace of Mediterranean wanderers to the lost Atlantis survives.

The lost Atlantis, then, lies still in the future.

It would furnish a substantial basis for the legend of Atlantis, akin to the basis the runic monuments of Kingiktorsoak and Igalikko gave to a Hesperian region inside the Arctic circle, and to the first glimpses of the American mainland by Norse voyagers of the tenth century, as told in more than one of the old sagas.

But until such evidence is forthcoming, the legendary Atlantis must remain a myth, and pre-Columbian America be still credited with a self-achieved progress.

The idea that the western hemisphere was known to the Old World, prior to the ever-memorable voyage of Columbus four centuries ago, has reproduced itself in varying phases, not only in the venerable Greek legend of the lost Atlantis; and the still vaguer myth of the Garden of the Hesperides on the far ocean horizon, the region of the setting sun; but in mediaeval fancies and mythical epics.

Those disclosures are modern beside the mythic antiquities of Plato's Atlantis, and they nevertheless added some five centuries to the history of the New World.

He also notes that the tide of Eskimo migration, in comparatively modern centuries, has set westward across Behring Strait and by the Aleutian Islands into Asia, which matches what he said in the Atlantis study.

In one of them the vast island of Atlantis, a continent larger than Libya and Asia conjoined, had been engulfed in the ocean that bears its name.

Southey, Coleridge, and the Bristol pantisocrats made a Utopia "where Susquehanna pours his untamed stream." The study's Atlantis claim is the one already stated.

The study ends on the same remote horizon as the first essay, without adding a new Atlantis theory.

The principles on which the wealth of nations depends were already in operation, he says, ages before the merchants of Tyre, or the traders of Massala, had learned to turn the mineral resources of the Cassiterides to account, or that vaguer and still more remote era before the ancient Atlantis had vanished from the ken of the civilized dwellers around the Mediterranean Sea.

That is a glance back, not a new claim about where Atlantis sank or who escaped it.

It is not an Atlantis essay.

He says the legends of more ancient explorers, and the whole question of migration from the Mediterranean, have already been discussed in the Lost Atlantis study.

It is not the great deluge, and it is not Atlantis.

The study adds no new Atlantis theory.

The Atlantis sentence is in the first lines, and it is a refusal.

The ingenious arts of the palaeolithic cave-dwellers of the Vézère abundantly prove that it needed no wanderers from the cradle-lands of Old World civilisation to that strange Atlantis lying in the engirdling ocean beyond the Pillars of Hercules, to engraft their artistic capacities on the "Achoriens" by whom it was peopled.

The study's Atlantis sentence is the one already quoted.

Whitney's remark on Basque as a stepping-stone is repeated, with Whitney's own warning that to group all American languages in a single family is "a classification of ignorance." The possibilities of an ancient crossing, and of colonists from the Mediterranean, have already been discussed in the Lost Atlantis study.

They may have come from the Mediterranean, in that old mythic dawn whose memory survived in the legend of a submerged Atlantis.

The study's Atlantis sentence is the one that leaves a Mediterranean dawn, and the legend of a submerged Atlantis, as an open possibility which still brought no Egyptian or Asiatic arts into the north.

The opening restates the isolation he has argued all through the book, and then leaves Atlantis behind.

The study adds no Atlantis, no flood, and no Mu.

I find no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, great-deluge, or antediluvian claim in this study.

The title page gives the full title, Examination of the Legend of Atlantis in Reference to Protohistoric Communication with America, by Hyde Clarke, V.P.R.Hist.S., reprinted from the Transactions of the Royal Historical Society.

I will set his verdict, his place-names, and the writers he answers beside Timaeus and Critias and beside Atlantis, the Antediluvian World, which he names.

Title: Examination of the Legend of Atlantis in Reference to Protohistoric Communication with America.

Atlantis or Atalantis he takes as the title of the great King of the West, not the name of the land.

Atlantis or Atalantis appears to him as the title of the king rather than of his dominions, and later he takes it instead of the name Atlas (pp.

Donnelly, whose geological Atlantis he says does not account for the archaeological and linguistic facts.

The Marquis de Nadaillac, who wants a physical connection and cave men of the Dordogne, and whose book excludes Atlantis.

The Encyclopaedia Britannica article "Atlantis, Atalantis, or Atlantica," which he calls orthodox and fallacious.

Donnelly in the Atlantis has followed points of community between the hemispheres.

It is shown by the legend of Atlantis.

The Etruscan language, one connected with Atlantis, he had dealt with so as to show that the words belonged to the general body of language.

Had there been the supposed Bridge of Atlantis, there would have been the same animals on both sides, tapirs in Africa and elephants in America, and that was not the case.

What has been seized is that Plato states that Atlantis suddenly disappeared and sank beneath the sea, and that the Atlantic Sea is impassable and impenetrable, with a quantity of mud in the way, the fact being the direct reverse.

The story got tacked on to the tradition of Atlantis.

Atlantis or Atalantis, as will be hereafter explained, appears to have been the title of the king rather than of his dominions.

The generation of five pairs is a common legend of exogamous communities, and in Atlantis the eldest son also receives his mother's inheritance, a trait of mother right.

Of the many treatises, the last is Ignatius Donnelly, Atlantis, the Antediluvian World (New York and London), in a popular form.

The author works out his theory on a geological Atlantis suddenly disappearing.

They do not alter the main features or provide for the creation of an Atlantis or its destruction.

He or his translator has completely excluded all reference to the Atlantis.

The doctrine of the Four Worlds, and of Atlantis as one of them, was dealt with by many writers of antiquity.

Plato deals at greater length with Atlantis, and he does not touch the greater question.

The article "Atlantis, Atalantis, or Atlantica," in the third volume, p.

In the Timaeus, printed with the ae as one letter, Plato first refers to the history of Atlantis, given as a distinct tradition handed down from Solon, to whom he was related.

Clarke says the dialogue and the Critias may be consulted in any translation, or more conveniently in Donnelly's Atlantis.

Critias says expressly that Solon turned the native names of the Atlantis into their Greek meanings, which Clarke takes as in favour of a statement really adopted from abroad.

The docks were full of triremes and carried on a large trade with all parts, meaning of Atlantis.

Donnelly, in Atlantis: the Antediluvian World, p.

In one of these islands the inhabitants preserved from their ancestors a remembrance of Atlantis, an extremely large island, which for a long time held dominion over all the islands of the Atlantic Ocean.

Donnelly, Atlantis, p.

After the dissolution of the empire of Atlantis the states, becoming independent, might retain the ancient culture for a longer or shorter period, but its ultimate extinction was certain.

The name Atalantis or Atlantis is by me taken as the name of the king and not as that of the land, and as the name of the king instead of Atlas.

Donnelly, Atlantis, p.

Upon the eastern territories of the King of Atlantis, in Mauritania, Mr.