I have also followed Dr Ottema’s plan of printing the original Frisian opposite to the translation, so that any reader possessing a knowledge of the language may verify the correctness of the translation.
The perfection of style is variety in unity, freedom, ease, clearness, the power of saying anything, and of striking any note in the scale of human feelings without impropriety; and such is the divine gift of language possessed by Plato in the Symposium and Phaedrus.
From this there are many fallings-off in the Laws: first, in the structure of the sentences, which are rhythmical and monotonous,—the formal and sophistical manner of the age is superseding the natural genius of Plato: secondly, many of them are of enormous length, and the latter end often forgets the beginning of them,—they seem never to have received the second thoughts of the author; either the emphasis is wrongly placed, or there is a want of point in a clause; or an absolute case occurs which is not properly separated from the rest of the sentence; or words are aggregated in a manner which fails to show their relation to one another; or the connecting particles are omitted at the beginning of sentences; the uses of the relative and antecedent are more indistinct, the changes of person and number more frequent, examples of pleonasm, tautology, and periphrasis, antitheses of positive and negative, false emphasis, and other affectations, are more numerous than in the other writings of Plato; there is also a more common and sometimes unmeaning use of qualifying formulae, os epos eipein, kata dunamin, and of double expressions, pante pantos, oudame oudamos, opos kai ope—these are too numerous to be attributed to errors in the text; again, there is an over-curious adjustment of verb and participle, noun and epithet, and other artificial forms of cadence and expression take the place of natural variety: thirdly, the absence of metaphorical language is remarkable—the style is not devoid of ornament, but the ornament is of a debased rhetorical kind, patched on to instead of growing out of the subject; there is a great command of words, and a laboured use of them; forced attempts at metaphor occur in several passages,—e.g.
parocheteuein logois; ta men os tithemena ta d os paratithemena; oinos kolazomenos upo nephontos eterou theou; the plays on the word nomos = nou dianome, ode etara: fourthly, there is a foolish extravagance of language in other passages,—'the swinish ignorance of arithmetic;' 'the justice and suitableness of the discourse on laws;' over-emphasis; 'best of Greeks,' said of all the Greeks, and the like: fifthly, poor and insipid illustrations are also common: sixthly, we may observe an excessive use of climax and hyperbole, aischron legein chre pros autous doulon te kai doulen kai paida kai ei pos oion te olen ten oikian: dokei touto to epitedeuma kata phusin tas peri ta aphrodisia edonas ou monon anthropon alla kai therion diephtharkenai.
Most of them do not appear to have retained any hold on the later language of Greece.
Like several experiments in language of the writers of the Elizabethan age, they were afterwards lost; and though occasionally found in Plutarch and imitators of Plato, they have not been accepted by Aristotle or passed into the common dialect of Greece.
There would be nothing surprising again in his losing somewhat of his powers of expression, and becoming less capable of framing language into a harmonious whole.
Such reflections may help us to bring home to ourselves by inward sympathy the language of Plato in the Laws, and to combine into something like a whole his various and at first sight inconsistent utterances.
In this case there is the advantage that the new colonists have a community of race, language, and laws.
Modern enquirers, like Plato, have found in infinite ages the explanation not only of states, but of languages, men, animals, the world itself; like him, also, they have detected in later institutions the vestiges of a patriarchal state still surviving.
And yet we might fairly ask, a little parodying the language of Plato—O legislator, is unanimity only 'the struggle for existence'; or is the balance of powers in a state better than the harmony of them?
In these quaint forms of thought and language, great principles of morals and legislation are enunciated by him for the first time.
Two rules may be given for their management: first that they should not, if possible, be of the same country or have a common language; and secondly, that they should be treated by their master with more justice even than equals, out of regard to himself quite as much as to them.
'How do you mean?' What I am going to say may seem absurd and at variance with the usual language of age, and yet if true and advantageous to the state, and pleasing to God, ought not to be withheld.
In this way does the language of the many rend asunder the just and honourable.
'That is true.' But is our own language consistent?
Now madness is of various kinds; in addition to that which arises from disease there is the madness which originates in a passionate temperament, and makes men when engaged in a quarrel use foul and abusive language against each other.
There is a distinction of language to be observed in the use of the two terms, 'thrower away of a shield' (ripsaspis), and 'loser of arms' (apoboleus oplon), one being the voluntary, the other the involuntary relinquishment of them.
Hence the necessity for what in modern language, and according to a distinction which Plato would scarcely have understood, might be termed persecution.
Where did language come from, and why are there so many?
In my research the theme runs from Babel to Oahspe, from Donnelly's alphabet to the Zulu sangomas, and into living languages that survived the splitting.
Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.
On The Book of Saphah the languages of the earth are drawn as a tree, with Panic as the first tongue and its branches spreading out into the languages of the continents.
On Atlantis-like lost civilizations, with a focus on the claims of Credo Mutwa the Chitauri bring language to humans who until then communicated by telepathy, and in doing so they weaken humanity's psychic abilities.
On Anuki language I look at a very different claim, of a language connected with the Anunnaki.
On What language is Linear A the Minoan script of Crete is still undeciphered, a written language whose sound we have lost.
On Basque language history and genetic studies Basque stands alone in Europe, unrelated to the languages around it.
On Nahuatl an indigenous language of Mexico I look at the language of the Aztecs, which is still spoken in Mexico today.
On Losing Teachings as Language Changes a Navajo elder explains how teachings fade when the words that carried them fall out of use.
And on Light Language - Activate Your Soul's Voice the idea turns the other way, toward a spoken language of the soul.
Anuki language
What language is Linear A
Basque language history and genetic studies
Nahuatl an indigenous language of Mexico
Losing Teachings as Language Changes
For every page I tagged with language, see the language tag archive.
To manage the experiences, he began drawing the images and scenes that appeared to him and writing in “Sayontu,” a language he associated with an existence approximately 12,000 years ago in Africa.
He teaches through artistic and experiential methods, incorporating drawing, language, and direct transmission of multidimensional perspectives.
The name "bororo" is a name given by non-indigenous people, arising when explorers asked "what is the name of the people", and the indigenous people understood "what is the name of the place where they were": they were in the bororó , which, in the bororo language, means "village courtyard".
He gave away his possessions and began preaching a life of radical poverty, simplicity, and direct access to the Bible in the vernacular (the local language, not just Latin).
In the language, thought is written in a codified form.
This tool of reading the code that exists in the language helps us understand.
He spake unto me in the language of the people.
They were speaking telepathically and he switched languages.
Carrie: The language of truth is not even a verbal language.
I would say, "Sweetheart, you are already fluent in that language of energy, in that language of frequency, because when you were born you couldn't speak English or whatever your home language is.
You were not versed in the language you know today.
Your first language was the language of energy.
It was the language of intuition.
That was your first language.
And so you spoke in a language that maybe your parents couldn't understand.
You still speak the language of love and the language of energy and the language of God.
And when you start speaking in energy, you start understanding the language again.
It's not a lost language.
It's just dormant because we've got this over-reliance on our mental faculty, an over-reliance on words and language and the need to put everything into compartmentalized beliefs and boxes.
You're calling it like a language.
Moral language and material consolidation almost always travel together, and when you see one, look for the other.
And the current moment, where the language of awakening is being digested by algorithmic content into a kind of spiritual sludge which is designed to produce the appearance of consciousness without the substance.
I also taught myself English by reading English books without knowing the language beforehand.
Aramaic is a psychological and feminine language compared to Latin.
It’s also why translating Jesus’ words into Greek was so problematic — the Greek language simply didn’t have the capacity to carry the full meaning.
A voice spoke without language, all around and inside: "I know you; I've always known you; everything about you is known to me." I was not judged; simply shown myself.
“Even Jewish exegetes say that in the Hebrew language there is no term that indicates ‘God’ as we understand it.
42 Jesus said to them, “If God were your Father, you would love me, for I have come here from God. I have not come on my own; God sent me. 43 Why is my language not clear to you?
When he lies, he speaks his native language, for he is a liar and the father of lies. 45 Yet because I tell the truth, you do not believe me! 46 Can any of you prove me guilty of sin?
They’re kind of like — this is going to be misleading — but nevertheless, there may not be any other translation in your language: they’re kind of like seeders.
This is a very rarified thing and it doesn’t really translate well into your language or into your culture.
You can just refer to them as the Ona (or “Ona-on”) to shorten it into your language a little more, because even what we gave you before is a shortened version of a very, very, very long name.
Regarding Jesus (whose name in his language was Yeshua): He did not present himself as the only son of God or as someone seeking followers or Christians.
The split resulted from long-standing differences in theology (e.g., the Filioque clause in the Creed), authority (papal supremacy), liturgy, language (Latin vs.
He claimed the title “Kriste” (Christ, meaning “all knowledge” in Ahamic language).
The split resulted from long-standing differences in theology (e.g., the Filioque clause in the Creed), authority (papal supremacy), liturgy, language (Latin vs.
Methods included building missions, schools, and churches; learning local languages for evangelism, many times enforcing conversions through force or incentives like tax exemptions for Christians.
Forced assimilation led to loss of languages, traditions, and lands.
When Tae had completed his labors he made a tablet of events, and classified them, and he called the tablet Orachnebauhgalah, because it was of the line of the tree of Jehovih, being the last of the fruits of the Hebrew language.
And these associative bodies being exalted angels in wisdom and purity, speak of the first elements and not of the instruments used, because it is their mode of language; that is to say, for example, Jehovih spake through es saying: Whereas mortals, and spirits of the first heaven would the same thing, thus: According to the accumulated testimony from the most advanced spirit world.
Third, that Jehovih hath not finished His creations and retired from His works; that wherein ye have said: He tired, or He rested from His works--ye have suffered yourselves to fall, through the errors of language, into profanation of the Almighty.
One tiny fairy-like taught tree/stone souls, their language.
Destroyed: Class episode—spoke languages, drew pyramids on floor.
"Then every man of earth will read the words of life in the language of his native land, and men will see the light.
When the mind of man is in exact accord with the Universal Mind man enters into a conscious recognition of these Akashic impressions, and may collect them and translate them into any language of earth with which he is familiar.
1. Beyond the river Euphrates the magians lived; and they were wise, could read the language of the stars, and they divined that one, a master soul, was born; they saw his star above Jerusalem.2. And there were three among the magian priests who longed to see the master of the coming age; and they took costly gifts and hastened to the West in search of him, the new-born king, that they might honour him.3. And one took gold, the symbol of nobility; another myrrh, the symbol of dominion and of power; gum-thus the other took, the symbol of the wisdom of the sage.4. Now when the magians reached Jerusalem the people were amazed, and wondered who they were and why they came.5. And when they asked, Where is the child that has been born a king?
This is the preparation age of soul, the kingdom of Immanuel, of God in man;14. And these, your sons, will be the first to tell the news, and preach the gospel of good will to men, and peace on earth.15. A mighty work is theirs; for carnal men want not the light, they love the dark, and when the light shines in the dark they comprehend it not.16. We call these sons, Revealers of the Light; but they must have the light before they can reveal the light.17. And you must teach your sons, and set their souls on fire with love and holy zeal, and make them conscious of their missions to the sons of men.18. Teach them that God and man are one; but that through carnal thoughts and words and deeds, man tore himself away from God; debased himself.19. Teach that the Holy Breath would make them one again, restoring harmony and peace;20. That naught can make them one but Love; that God so loved the world that he has clothed his son in flesh that man may comprehend.21. The only Saviour of the world is love, and Jesus, son of Mary, comes to manifest that love to men.22. Now, love cannot manifest until its way has been prepared, and naught can rend the rocks and bring down lofty hills and fill the valleys up, and thus prepare the way, but purity.23. But purity in life men do not comprehend; and so, it, too, come in flesh.24. And you, Elizabeth, are blest because your son is purity made flesh, and he shall pave the way for love.25. This age will comprehend but little of the works of Purity and Love; but not a word is lost, for in the Book of God's Remembrance a registry is made of every thought, and word, and deed;26. And when the world is ready to receive, lo, God will sent a messenger to open up the book and copy from its sacred pages all the messages of Purity and Love.27. Then every man of earth will read the words of life in language of his native land, and men will see the light, walk in the light and be the light.28. And man again will be at one with God.
Matheno said, It is not well to weep because of death.3. Death is no enemy of man; it is a friend who, when the work of life is done, just cuts the cord that binds the human boat to earth, that it may sail on smoother seas.4. No language can describe a mother's worth, and yours was tried and true.
God is not a man that he should show respect for one and cast another off.19. Whoever will may come and gird himself, and trim his lamp, and find a turret in the tower of life where he may watch, and be prepared to meet the Lord.20. But you, as children of the light, have come, and you have learned the language of the court, and may stand forth and lead the way.21. But you may wait, and think that you are ready to receive the Lord, and still he does not come.22. And you may grow impatient and begin to long for carnal ways again, and may begin to exercise your rule;23. To beat, and otherwise maltreat the servants of the house, and fill yourselves with wine and meat.24. And what will say the Lord when he shall come?25. Behold, for he will cast the faithless servant from his house; and many years will come and go before he can be cleansed, and be thought worthy to receive his Lord.26. The servant who has come into the light, who knows the Master's will and does it not; the trusted guard who goes to sleep within the turret of the tower of life,27. Shall feel the lash of justice many times, while he who does not know his Master's will and does it not, will not receive the graver punishment.28. The man who comes and stands before the open door of opportunity and does not enter in, but goes his way,29. Will come again and find the door made fast, and when he calls, the door will open not,30. The guard will say, you had the pass-word once, but you threw it away and now the Master knows you not; depart.31. And verily I say to you, To whom much has been given, much is required; to whom a little has been given, a little only is required.
1. And Jesus stood beside the sea and taught; the multitudes pressed close upon him and he went into a boat that was near by and put a little ways from shore, and then he spoke in parables; he said,2. Behold, a sower took his seed and went into his field to sow.3. With lavish hand he scattered forth the seed and some fell in the hardened paths that men had made,4. And soon were crushed beneath the feet of other men; and birds came down and carried all the seeds away.5. Some seed fell on rocky ground where there was little soil; they grew and soon the blades appeared and promised much;6. But then there was no depth of soil, no chance for nourishment, and in the heat of noonday sun they withered up and died.7. Some seed fell where thistles grew, and found no earth in which to grow and they were lost;8. But other seed found lodgement in the rich and tender soil and grew apace, and in the harvest it was found that some brought forth a hundred fold, some sixty fold, some thirty fold.9. They who have ears to hear may hear; they who hearts to understand may know.10. Now, his disciples were beside him in the boat, and Thomas asked, Why do you speak in parables?11. And Jesus said, My words, like every master's words, are dual in their sense.12. To you who know the language of the soul, my words have meanings far too deep for other men to comprehend.13. The other sense of what I say is all the multitude can understand; these words are food for them; the inner thoughts are food for you.14. Let every one reach forth and take the food that he is ready to receive.15. And then he spoke that all might hear; he said, Hear you the meaning of the parable:16. Men hear my words and understand them not, and then the carnal self purloins the seed, and not a sign of spirit life appears.17. This is the seed that fell within the beaten paths of men.18. And others hear the words of life, and with a fiery zeal receive them all; they seem to comprehend the truth and promise well;19. But troubles come; discouragements arise; there is no depth of thought; their good intentions wither up and die.20. These are the seeds that fell in stony ground.21. And others hear the words of truth and seem to know their worth; but love of pleasure, reputation, wealth and fame fill all the soil; the seeds are nourished not and they are lost.22. These are the seeds that fell among the thistles and the thorns.23. But others hear the words of truth and comprehend them well; they sink down deep into their souls; they live the holy life and all the world is blest.24. These are the seeds that fell in fertile soil, that brought forth fruit abundantly.25. You men of Galilee, take heed to how you hear and how you cultivate your fields; for if you slight the offers of this day, the sower may not come to you again in this or in the age to come.26. Then Jesus spoke another parable; he said:27. Then kingdom I may liken to a field in which a man sowed precious seed;28. But while he slept an evil one went forth and sowed a measure full of darnel seed; then went his way.29. The soil was good, and so the wheat and darnel grew; and when the servants saw the tares among the wheat, they found the owner of the field and said,30. You surely sowed good seed; from whence these tares?31. The owner said, Some evil one out has sown the seed of tares.32. The servants said, Shall we go out and pull up by the roots the tares and burn them in the fire?33. The owner said, No, that would not be well.
They who receive and welcome you, receive and welcome me;16. And they who shut their doors against your face, refuse to welcome me.17. If you are not received in kindness in a town, bear not away an evil thought; do not resist.18. An evil thought of any kind will do you harm; will dissipate your power.19. When you are not received with favour, go your way, for there are multitudes of men who want the light.20. Behold, I send you forth as sheep among a pack of wolves; and you must be as wise as serpents and as harmless as the doves.21. In all your language be discreet, for Pharisees and scribes will seek a cause for your arrest in what you say.22. And they will surely find a way by charges false to bring you into court.23. And judges will declare that you are guilty of some crime, and sentence you to scourgings and to prison cells.24. But when you come to stand before the judge, be not afraid; be not disturbed about the way to act, the words to speak.25. The Holy Breath will guide you in that hour, and give the words that you shall speak.26. Of this be full assured; It is not you who speaks; it is the Holy Breath that gives the words and moves the lips.27. The gospel that you preach will not bring peace, but it will stir the multitudes to wrath.28. The carnal man abhors the truth, and he would give his life to crush the tender plant before the harvest time.29. And this will bring confusion in the homes that were the homes of stagnant peace.30. And brother will give brother up to death; the father will stand by and see men execute his child; and in the courts the child will testify against the sire, and gladly see its mother put to death.31. And men will hate you just because you speak the name of Christ.32. Thrice blessed is the man who shall be faithful in this coming day of wrath!33. Go now; when you are persecuted in a place, go seek another place.34. And when you meet a foe too great for you, behold, the son of man is at your door, and he can speak, and all the hosts of heaven will stand in your defence.35. But do not hold your present life in great esteem.36. The time will come when men will take my life; you need not hope to be immune, for they will slay you in the name of God.37. Men call me Beelzebul and they will call you imps.38. Be not afraid of what men say and do; they have no power over soul; they may abuse and may destroy the body of the flesh; but that is all.39. They do not know the God who holds the issues of the soul within his hands, who can destroy the soul.40. The Christ is king to-day, and men must recognise his power.41. He who loves not the Christ, which is the love of God, before all else, can never gain the prize of spirit consciousness.42. And they who love their parents or their children more than they love the Christ can never wear the name of Christ.43. And he who loves his life more than he loves the Christ cannot please God.44. And he who clings to life shall lose his life, while he who gives his life for Christ will save his life.45. When Jesus had thus said he sent the twelve away by twos, and bade them meet him in Capernaum.46. And they went out through all the towns of Galilee and taught and healed in spirit and in power.
Go to, and judge him yourselves.7. You have a law, and by the sanction of the Roman law, you have a right to judge and right to execute.8. The Jews replied, We have no right to execute a man upon the cross, and since this man is traitor to Tiberius, our counsellors believe that he should meet the most humiliating death--the death upon the cross.9. But Pilate said, No man can be found guilty of a crime by Roman law until the testimony all is in, and the accused has been permitted to defend himself;10. So I will take your bill of charges, with the evidence you have, and judge by Roman law.11. The Jews had made a copy of the accusations in the language of the Roman court, and they had added to the bill:12. We charge that Jesus is an enemy of Rome; that he demands that men shall pay no tribute to Tiberius.13. And Pilate took the bill; his guards led Jesus up the steps into the palace hall.14. And Jesus stood before the Roman governor, and Pilate read to him the charges of the Jews, and said,15. What is your answer to this bill?
how is it that they speak in all the languages of earth?10. And Peter said, You people of Jerusalem, and you live beyond the city's gates; Peace be to you, and all mankind.11. This is time that holy men of old desired to see, by faith they saw this hour, and now they stand with us in ecstasy.12. The prophet Joel in olden times told of the things you see and hear.
They were not true oxen as you know them, but that was the closest word he could find in your language to relate to the animals.
Scientists looked at their language and blood type and concluded that they are a distinct people, unrelated to the Indo-Europeans.
It was in matters of language and blood type that scientists came to the conclusion that the Basques were a distinct people totally unrelated to the Indo-Europeans who dominated the rest of Europe.
Their language, Euskara, is a language isolate with no proven relation to any other living language.
One of the most distinctive Basque origin myths claims that Euskara is the primordial language spoken in Eden, predating the confusion of tongues at Babel.
Their legends claim Adam and Eve spoke their language, and that a son of Noah settled in the mountains before Babel.
Their origin has long been a mystery, even to themselves, primarily because their language is unlike any other verbal communication on Earth.
So in her telling the language came first, with Adam and Eve, and a son of Noah carried it into the mountains before Babel.
Later works echoed this, portraying Euskara as the lingua adamica, the Adamic language that survived unchanged.
It explains both settlement and the preservation of the Basque language.
He says Basque names sound closer to the indigenous languages of the Americas than to Indo-European ones.
Names in the Basque Country, like Antxone, Aitor, Arrixaka, Ihintza, Itzal, Elixane, Maialen, Mitxoleta, Nekane, Txori, Zeltzin, Urraca, or Yanamari, sound not only alluring and exotic, but closer to indigenous Mexican, and South and Central American languages than to any of the Indo-European language families.
A voice spoke without language, all around and inside: "I know you; I've always known you; everything about you is known to me." I was not judged; simply shown myself.
If one were able to remember the secret language of the priests, the hieroglyphs would tell another story.
And if one were able to understand the language of the creator gods, they would say something entirely different.
Several language groups keep stories of a catastrophic tilting of the sky or earth, followed by a long time of darkness, cold and ice that ended only when the world was "put right again".
Mechanism: Language-enabled capital punishment of aggressive males.
“Counter-dominance via language → selection against reactive aggression → domestication syndrome.”
Timing aligns with behavioral modernity and language-based cooperation.
Selection pressure: Language-based coalitions execute reactive aggressors.
Final Claim: The same evolutionary dynamic that turned wolves into dogs turned aggressive hominins into cooperative, language-using, self-domesticated Homo sapiens.
But at the Tower of Babel, God said, 'If you leave mankind alone, there’s nothing he can’t do.' Humanity’s collective power was divided by language to limit it."