Roman

Etymology is uncertain but most plausible theories point to pre-Roman Iberian or Celtic origins.

Apollonius of Tyana was a Greek philosopher and leader from the town of Tyana, Cappadocia in Roman Anatolia, who spent his life travelling and teaching in the Middle East, North Africa and India.

Then there are also the Romans who insist that the people who live in the lands they occupy pay tribute to Emperor Tiberius and render obedience to the Roman gods.

We are considered fugitives from both Roman and Jewish law.

They reported us as rebels to the Roman authorities.

Roman soldiers came after us and captured us and put us in chains….

Much of the impetus that later created the Jewish Zealots and spurred the conservative fundamentalism of the Qumran Essenes derived from this divisive revolt, which was further amplified by the presence of conquering Roman soldiers and governors.

About the time of the rise of the Roman empire the sun entered the sign Pisces, the Fishes, and the Piscean Age began, so that early in this Age Jesus of Nazareth lived.

It seems to me that truth was never shut; that it was always opened up, for truth is one and it is everywhere.10. And if we open up the windows of our minds the truth will enter in and make herself at home; for truth can find her way through any crevice, any window, any open door.11. The rabbi said, What hand is strong enough to open up the windows and the doors of mind so truth can enter in?12. And Jesus said, It seems to me that love, the golden cord that binds the Ten Commands in one, is strong enough to open any human door so that the truth can enter in and cause the heart to understand.13. Now, in the evening Jesus and his mother sat alone, and Jesus said,14. The rabbi seems to think that God is partial in his treatment of the sons of men; that Jews are favoured and are blest above all other men.15. I do not see how God can have his favourites and be just.16. Are not Samaritans and Greeks and Romans just as much the children of the Holy One as are the Jews?17. I think the Jews have built a wall about themselves, and they see nothing on the other side of it.18. They do not know that flowers are blooming over there; that sowing times and reaping times belong to anybody but the Jews.19. It surely would be well if we could break down these barriers down so that the Jews might see that God has other children that are just as greatly blest.20. I want to go from Jewry land and meet my kin in other countries of my Fatherland.

And they left all and followed him.19. And Jesus walked along the shore, and seeing Philip and Nathaniel walking on the beach he said to them.20. You teachers of Bethsaida, who long have taught the people Greek philosophy, the masters have a higher work for you and me to do; I go and you may follow me; and then they followed him.21. A little farther on there stood a Roman tribute house, and Jesus saw the officer in charge; his name was Matthew, who once abode in Jericho;22. The youth who once ran on before the Lord into Jerusalem and said, Behold the Christines come.23. And Matthew was a man of wealth, and learned in wisdom of the Jews, the Syrians and the Greeks.24. And Jesus said to him, Hail, Matthew, trusted servant of the Cæsars, hail!

1. The twelve apostles went with Jesus to his home, and there abode for certain days.2. And Jesus told them many things about the inner life that may not now be written in a book.3. Now, in Capernaum, there lived a man of wealth, a Roman captain of a hundred men, who loved the Jews and who had built for them a synagogue.4. A servant of this man was paralysed, and he was sick nigh unto death.5. The captain knew of Jesus and had heard that by the Sacred Word he healed the sick, and he had faith in him.6. He sent a message by the elders of the Jews to Jesus, and he pled for help.7. and Jesus recognised the captain's faith and went at once to heal the sick; the captain met him on the way and said to him,8. Lo, Lord, it is not well that you should come unto my house; I am not worthy of the presence of a man of God.9. I am a man of war, my life is spent with those who ofttimes take the lives of fellow men.

and was it done to punish them for crimes?21. And we remember well when once a band of earnest Jews from Galilee were in Jerusalem, and at a feast and were, for fancied crimes against the Roman law,22. Cut down within the very temple court by Pontius Pilate; and their blood became their sacrifice.23. Did God bring on this slaughter all because these men were doubly vile?24. And then we bring to mind that once a tower called Siloam, graced the defences of Jerusalem, and, seemingly, without a cause it tottered and it fell to earth and eighteen men were killed.25. Were these men vile?

The Roman soldiers will tread on twelve dead men before they reach our Lord.15. But Jesus said, A saviour of the world cannot resist.16. I came to save the world and I have taken up your names before the highest courts of heaven, and you have been confirmed as saviours of the world.17. And not a name, excepting that of him who shall betray, will ever be disgraced.18. I go my way, and though my flesh shall pass, my soul will stand beside you all the way to guide and bless.19. And wicked men will seize you in the streets, and as you kneel in prayer; will charge you with some legal crime, and think they serve their God by putting you to death.20. But falter not; the load will heavy be, but with the consciousness of duty done, the peace of God will lift the load, dispel the pain and light the way.21. And we will meet where carnal executioners come not; there we will serve the cruel men, who in their ignorance had tortured us to death.22. Can we prevent this outrage and this slaughter of our lives?

can you accuse and sentence men to punishment for any crime until they testify themselves?10. The Roman law will not permit such travesty on right, and I demand that you permit this man to speak.11. And then the judge recalled the man and said, If you have any tale to tell, say on.

This man is doing many mighty deeds, and if we do not stay him in his work, all men will look on him as king, and through the Romans he may take the throne, and we will lose our place and power.39. And then the chief priests and the Pharisees in council met and sought a plan by which they might put him to death.40. Caiaphas was the high priest then, and he came forth and said, You men of Israel, do you not know the law?41. Do you not know that in such times as these we may give up one life to save our nation and our laws?42. Caiaphas did not know that he was prophet, speaking out the words of truth.43. He did not know the time had come for Jesus to be offered up a sacrifice for every man, for Jew and Greek, and all the world.44. From that day forth the Jews conferred together every day, maturing plans to put the Lord to death.45. Now, Jesus and the twelve did not remain in Bethany; but in the hills of Ephraim, upon the borders of Samaria, they found a home, and there abode for many days.

Before they come, lo, you shall be maltreated by the scribes and Pharisees, the high priests and the doctors of the law.8. Without a cause you will be haled into courts; you will be stoned; you will be beaten in the synagogues; will stand condemned before the rulers of this world, and governors and kings will sentence you to death.9. But you will falter not, and you will testify for truth and righteousness.10. And in these hours be anxious not about your speech; you need not think of what to say;11. For, lo, the Holy Breath will overshadow you and give you words to say.12. But then the carnage will go on, and men will think that they are pleasing God by killing you, and nations far and near will hate you for the sake of Christ.13. And men will stir up evil thought among your kin, and they will hate you and will give you up to die.14. And brothers will be false to brothers; fathers will stand forth and testify against their own, and children will drive parents to the funeral pile.15. When you shall hear the Roman eagle screaming in the air, and see his legions streaming o'er the plain, then know the desolation of Jerusalem is near.16. Then let the wise wait not, but flee.

1. As Jesus and the eleven went out, a Roman guard approached and said, All hail!

And then the mob rushed up and spit into his face, and struck him with their hands.20. And then they bound a cloth about his eyes and smote him in the face and said, You are a prophet; tell us who it was who smote you in the face.21. And Jesus answered not and like a lamb before his shearer he, the man from Galilee, resisted not.22. Caiaphas said, We cannot put a man to death until the Roman ruler shall confirm the sentence of this court;23. So take this criminal away and Pilate will endorse what we have done.24. And then was Jesus dragged along the way up to the palace of the Roman governor.

1. Into the palace of the Roman governor the Jews would enter not lest they become defiled and be unworthy to attend the feast; but they led Jesus to the palace court, and Pilate met them there.2. And Pilate said, Why this commotion in the early day?

Go to, and judge him yourselves.7. You have a law, and by the sanction of the Roman law, you have a right to judge and right to execute.8. The Jews replied, We have no right to execute a man upon the cross, and since this man is traitor to Tiberius, our counsellors believe that he should meet the most humiliating death--the death upon the cross.9. But Pilate said, No man can be found guilty of a crime by Roman law until the testimony all is in, and the accused has been permitted to defend himself;10. So I will take your bill of charges, with the evidence you have, and judge by Roman law.11. The Jews had made a copy of the accusations in the language of the Roman court, and they had added to the bill:12. We charge that Jesus is an enemy of Rome; that he demands that men shall pay no tribute to Tiberius.13. And Pilate took the bill; his guards led Jesus up the steps into the palace hall.14. And Jesus stood before the Roman governor, and Pilate read to him the charges of the Jews, and said,15. What is your answer to this bill?

The wisest men of all the land have found him guilty of a score of crimes.25. He would pervert the nation of the Jews; would overthrow the Roman rule and make himself the king.

I will approve of any judgment you may render in this case.38. Now, Pilate and the tetrarch had been foes, but the experience of this hour destroyed their enmity and they were friends in after days.39. When Jesus had been brought again to Pilate's court, the Roman Governor stood forth before the accusers of the Lord and said,40. I cannot find this Nazarene to be a criminal as charged; there is no evidence that he should suffer death; so I will scourge him well and let him go.41. The Jews cried angrily, It is not meet that such a dangerous man should live; he must be crucified.42. Then Pilate said, I bid you wait a little time.

They have a faith that they have borrowed from the idol worshippers of other lands, that at the end of every year,2. They may heap all their sins upon the head of some man set apart to bear their sins.3. The man becomes a scapegoat for the multitudes; and they believe that when they drive him forth into the wilds, or into foreign lands, they are released from sin.4. So every spring before the feast they chose a prisoner from the prisons of the land, and by a form their own, they fain would make him bear their sins away.5. Among the Jewish prisoners in Jerusalem were three who were the leaders of a vile, seditious band, who had engages in thefts and murders and rapine, and had been sentenced to be crucified.6. Barabbas bar Jezia was among the men who were to die; but he was rich and he had bought of priests the boon to be scapegoat for the people at the coming feast, and he was anxiously in waiting for his hour to come.7. Now, Pilate thought to turn this superstition to account to save the Lord, and so he went again before the Jews and said,8. You men of Israel, according to my custom I will release to you to-day a prisoner who shall bear you sins away.9. This man you drive into the wilds or into foreign lands, and you have asked me to release Barabbas, who has been proven guilty of the murder of a score of men.10. Now, hear me men, Let Jesus be released and let Barabbas pay his debt upon the cross; then you can send this Jesus to the wilds and hear no more of him.11. At what the ruler said the people were enraged, and they began to plot to tear the Roman palace down and drive in exile Pilate, and his household and his guards.12. When Pilate was assured that civil war would follow if he heeded not the wishes of the mob, he took a bowl of water and in the presence of the multitude he washed hid hands and said,13. This man whom you accuse is son of the most holy Gods, and I proclaim my innocence.14. If you would shed his blood, his blood is on your hands and not on mine.15. And then the Jews exclaimed, And let his blood be on our hands and on our children's hands.16. And Pilate trembled like a leaf, in fear.

And would you put to death your king?17. The Jews replied, He is no king; we have no king but great Tiberius.18. Now, Pilate would not give consent that Roman soldiers should imbue their hands in blood of innocence, and so the chief priests and the Pharisees took counsel what to do with Jesus, who was called the Christ.19. Caiaphas said, We cannot crucify this man; he must be stoned to death and nothing more.20. And then the rabble said, Make haste!

The Roman soldiers had already bound the two state prisoners to the cross.5. (They were not nailed, but simply bound.)6. Four soldiers of the Roman guard that Herod brought from Galilee were called to execute the orders of the court.7. These were the men who had been set apart to torture Jesus and secure from him confession of his guilt.8. These were the men who scourged him, put a crown of thorns upon his head, a broken reed into his hands, and wrapped him in a royal robe, and bowed in mockery, before him as a king.9. These soldiers took the Lord and stripped him, laid him on the cross and would have bound him there with cords; but this would not suffice.10. The cruel Jews were near with hammer and with nails; they cried, Not cords, but nails; drive fast the nails and hold him to the cross.11. And then the soldiers took the nails and drove them through his feet and hands.12. They offered him a sedative to drink, a draught of vinegar and myrrh; but he refused to drink the draught.13. The soldiers had prepared a place in which to plant Barabbas' cross between the other criminals; and here they raised the cross of Jesus, who was called the Christ;14. And then the soldiers and the mob sat down to watch him die.15. And Jesus said, My Father-God, forgive these men; they know not what they do.16. Now, Pilate had prepared a tablet to be placed upon the cross on which was written in the tongues of Hebrew, Latin and Greek these words of truth: JESUS THE CHRIST, KING OF THE JEWS.17. And this was placed upon the cross.

The priests were angered when they read these words upon the tablet of the cross.18. And then they prayed that Pilate would not say, He is the Christ, king of the Jews; but say, He claims to be the Christ, king of the Jews.19. But Pilate said, What I have written, I have written; let it stand.20. The Jewish multitudes who saw the Lord upon the cross were wild with joy; they said, All hail, fake king!21. You who would tear the temple down and in three days would build it up again, why don't you save yourself?22. If you are Christ, the son of God, come from the cross; then all men will believe.23. The priests and scribes and Pharisees looked on the scene and scoffed; they said, He rescued others from the grave; why doesn't he save himself?24. The Jewish soldiers and the Roman guards who came from Galilee were loud in mocking and deriding him.25. One of the other men upon the cross joined in the mockery; he said, If you are Christ, you have the power; just speak the Word, and save yourself and me.26. The other man upon the cross rebuked the man; he said, You wretch!

Among them were the mother of the Lord and Miriam,32. And Mary, mother of the two apostles, James and John, and Mary Magdalene, and Martha, Ruth and Mary, and Salome.33. When Jesus saw his mother and the singer Miriam standing close beside the cross and John a-near, he said to John,34. In your most tender care I leave my mother and my sister Miriam.35. And John replied, While they shall live my home shall be the home of your thrice blessed mother and your sister Miriam.36. According to a custom of the Jews, to those who were the executioners of law and took the lives of criminals, belonged the garments of the criminals.37. So when the Lord was crucified, the Roman guards divided up among themselves the garments of the Lord.38. But when they found his coat it was a seamless coat and highly prized.39. For it the guards cast lots, and thus determined who should have the prize.40. And thus the scripture was fulfilled, which said, And they divided all my robes among themselves, and for my vesture they cast lots.

A Roman soldier dipped a sponge in vinegar and myrrh, and placed it to his lips.7. Now, at the ninth hour of the day the earth began to quake, and in the darkness of that sunless day, a flood of golden light appeared above the cross;8. And from the light a voice was heard which said, Lo, it is done.9. And Jesus said, My Father-God, into thy hands I give my soul.10. A Roman soldier in compassion said, This agony is all too great; relief shall come.

And with a spear he pierced his heart and it was done; the son of man was dead.11. And then the earth was shocked again; the city of Jerusalem rocked to and fro; the hills were rent and tombs were opened up;12. And people thought they saw the dead arise and walk the streets.13. The temple quivered and the veil between the sanctuary and the Holy Place was rent in twain, and consternation reigned through all the place.14. The Roman guard who watched the body on the cross exclaimed, This surely was the son of God who died.15. And then the people hurried down from Calvary.

The priests, the Pharisees and scribes were filled with fear.16. They sought the cover of their synagogues and homes and said, Behold, the wrath of God!17. The great day of the Jewish pasch was near, and Jews could not by law permit a criminal to hang upon the cross upon the Sabbath day.18. And so they prayed that Pilate would remove the bodies of the men that had been crucified.19. And Pilate sent his guards to Calvary to note if all the men were dead.20. And when the guards were gone, two aged Jews came to the palace door to see the governor, and they were members of the highest council of the Jews;21. Yet they believed that Jesus was a prophet sent from God.22. The one was Rabbi Joseph, the Arimathean counsellor, and he was just and loved the law of God.23. And Nicodemus was the other one who came.24. These men fell down at Pilate's feet and prayed that they might take the body of the Nazarene and lay it in a tomb.25. And Pilate gave consent.26. Now, Joseph had prepared a costly mixture to embalm the body of the Lord, about a hundred pounds of aloes and of myrrh, and this they took and hastened out to Calvary.27. And when the guards returned they said, The Nazarene is dead; the malefactors are alive.28. And Pilate told the guards to go and smite the living men so they would die, and then to give their bodies to the flames; but give the body of the Nazarene to rabbis who would call for it.29. The soldiers did as Pilate said.30. The rabbis came and took away the body of the Lord and when they had prepared it with the spices they had bought,31. They laid it in the new-made tomb that had been made for Joseph in a solid rock.32. And then they rolled a stone up to the sepulchre.33. The priests were fearful lest the friends of Jesus would go forth at night and take away the body of the Nazarene, and then report that he had risen from the dead, as he had said;34. And they requested that the governor would send his soldiers to the tomb to guard the body of the dead.35. But Pilate said, I will not send a Roman guard; but you have Jewish soldiers and may send a hundred men with a centurion to guard the tomb.36. And then they sent a hundred soldiers out to guard the tomb.

Pilate places the Roman seal upon the stone door of the tomb.

1. The tomb in which they laid the body of the Lord was in a garden, rich with flowers, the garden of Siloam, and Joseph's home was near.2. Before the watch began Caiaphas sent a company of priests out to the garden of Siloam that they might be assured that Jesus' body was within the tomb.3. They rolled away the stone; they saw the body there, and then they placed the stone again before the door.4. And Pilate sent his scribe who placed upon the stone the seal of Rome, in such a way that he who moved the stone would break the seal.5. To break this Roman seal meant death to him who broke the seal.6. The Jewish soldiers all were sworn to faithfulness; and then the watch began.7. At midnight all was well, but suddenly the tomb became a blaze of light, and down the garden walk a troupe of white-clad soldiers marched in single file.8. They came up to the tomb and marched and countermarched before the door.9. The Jewish soldiers were alert; they thought the friends had come to steal the body of the Nazarene.

They did not even stop; they marched and countermarched among the frightened men.11. They stood upon the Roman seal; they did not speak; they unsheathed not their swords; it was the Silent Brotherhood.12. The Jewish soldiers fled in fear; they fell upon the ground.13. They stood apart until the white-clad soldiers marched away, and then the light about the tomb grew dim.14. Then they returned; the stone was in its place; the seal was not disturbed, and they resumed their watch.15. Now, Jesus did not sleep within the tomb.

They said, Behold an angel comes.33. And then they heard again, Adon Mashich Cumi.34. And then the white-robed form tramped on the Roman seal and then he tore it into shreds; he took the mighty stone in hand as though it were a pebble from the brook, and cast it to the side.35. And Jesus opened up his eyes and said, All hail the rising sun; the coming of the day of righteousness!36. And then he folded up his burial gown, his head bands and his coverings and laid them all aside.37. He rose, and for a moment stood beside the white-robed form.38. The weaker soldiers fell upon the ground, and hid their faces in their hands; the stronger stood and watched.39. They saw the body of the Nazarene transmute; they saw it change from mortal to immortal form, and then it disappeared.40. The soldiers heard a voice from somewhere; yea, from everywhere, it said,41. Peace, peace on earth; good will to men.42. They looked, the tomb was empty and the Lord had risen as he said.43. The soldiers hastened to Jerusalem, and to the priests, and said,44. Behold, the Nazarene has risen as he said; the tomb is empty and the body of the man is gone; we know not where it is.

And then they told about the wonders of the night.45. Caiaphas called a council of the Jews; he said, the news must not go forth that Jesus has arisen from the dead;46. For if it does all men will say, He is the son of God, and all our testimonies will be proven false.47. And then they called the hundred soldiers in and said to them,48. You know not where the body of the Nazarene is resting now, so if you will go forth and say that his disciples came and stole the body while you slept,49. Each one of you shall have a silver piece, and we will make it right with Pilate for breaking of the Roman seal.50. The soldiers did as they were paid to do.

The mother of the Lord, and Mary Magdalene, and Miriam were there.2. And when the body was entombed they went to Joseph's home and there abode.3. They did not know that Jewish soldiers had been sent to guard the tomb, nor that Roman seal was placed upon the stone;4. So in the morning of the first day of the week they hastened to the tomb with spices to embalm the Lord.5. But when they reached the tomb they found the terror-stricken soldiers running frantically about.6. The women did not know the cause; but when they found an empty tomb they were excited and aggrieved.7. The soldiers did not know what had transpired; they could not tell who took the body of the Lord away.8. And Mary Magdalene ran with haste toward Jerusalem to tell the news to Peter and the rest.9. She met, just by the gateway, Peter, James and John; she said, Some one has rolled away the stone and carried off the body of the Lord.10. And then the three disciples ran toward the tomb; but John was fleet of foot and was the first to reach the tomb; he found it empty; the body of his Lord was gone.11. When Peter came he went into the tomb, and found the grave clothes neatly folded up and laid aside.12. Now, the disciples did not comprehend the scene.

Then the disciples knew it was the Lord.31. And Jesus said, Behold, for human flesh can be transmuted into higher form, and then that higher form is master of things manifest, and can, at will, take any form.32. And so I come to you in form familiar unto you.33. Go speak to Thomas, and the other men whom I have called to be apostles unto men, and say to them,34. That he whom Jews and Romans thought was dead is walking in the garden of Siloam;35. Will stand again before the priests and Pharisees within the temple in Jerusalem;36. And will appear unto the sages of the world.37. Tell them that I will go before them into Galilee.38. Then Peter, James and John went forth and found their brethren and said, Behold, the Lord is risen from the dead, and we have seen him face to face.39. The brethren were amazed at what the three disciples said; but still they looked upon their words as idle talk and they believed them not.

To what do you refer?6. Cleophas said, Have you not heard about the man from Galilee who was a prophet mighty in both word and deed?7. A man whom many thought had come to found again the kingdom of the Jews, and drive the Romans from the city of Jerusalem and be himself the king?8. The stranger said, Tell me about this man.9. Cleophas said, His name was Jesus; he was born in Bethlehem; his home was up in Galilee.

Look at my hands, my feet, my side.12. The Roman soldiers pierced my hands and feet with nails; and then one pierced my heart.13. They put me in a tomb, and then I wrestled with the conqueror of men.

Of these men, four were Roman Catholics and he was the only member with no religious commitment.

in national library in Rio de Janeiro, written by anonymous leader of alleged 1753 Portuguese expedition claims discovery of abandoned Greco-Roman-style lost city in Bahia, Brazil while searching for legendary Muribeca mines.

In each corner of said plaza is a spire, in the style of those used by the Romans, but some which were damaged and split, as if struck by lightningbolts.