Great Flood

The heads he prints then jump to 12 and 13: the island sank in a convulsion, with nearly all its inhabitants, and a few escaped in ships and on rafts and carried the tidings, which survived as the flood legends of the old and new worlds.

If that is granted, Donnelly's subsidence is not required to explain the flood stories.

Zeus sends the flood of Deucalion, in Murray.

222 to 235, identifying that flood with the universal deluge.

He thinks that was not the original leading idea, because lightning goes with wind, storm, flood, and deluge as often as with a gentle rain, and because the rattlesnake, the prominent snake of the Moqui rite, is already in the Mandan bull dance, where two men called rattlesnakes shake rattles at the close.

He has placed Plato's story on a Carthaginian voyage along the African coast and the islands beyond the Pillars, and he has placed the flood, the bull, the first legislator, and the ten-year-old's feast on the deluge he still calls universal.

That a few persons escaped in ships and on rafts, and carried to the nations east and west the tidings of the appalling catastrophe, which has survived to our own time in the Flood and Deluge legends of the different nations of the old and the new worlds." In this theory there are two distinct propositions : (1) that an island or continent of Atlantis existed, and

The mysterious individual who opens the ceremony calls at each wigwam, and, " relating the destruction of all the human family by the Flood, excepting himself, who had been saved in his big

canoe, and now dwelt in the west," demands " gome edged tool to be given to the water as a sacrifice." " On the last day of the ceremony, at sundown, in the presence of the chiefs and all the tribes," the tools were thrown '.' into deep water from the top of the rocks, and • thus made a sacrifice to the water." Zeus or Jupiter is more directly connected with the Deluge, as the flood of Deucalion occurred because " ^eus" determined to destroy the human race by a great flood" (Murray's Myth., p.

If, however, the lightning is the concomitant of rain, it is more generally the concomitant of the wind, the storm, the flood, and the deluge, which, if invoked, would as often have brought destruction as benefit to the crops.

This made the latter deity so angry that he poured down a flood upon the earth."

He was one of the two who escaped from the Flood: their Noah, in fact.”

“The swamping of the continent of Atlantis might very well correspond to the Flood.”

We’ll have dropped them and the city out of sight by daylight, and the flood will not begin to run up till then.

But I fear unless the wind hardens down with the dawn we’ll have to bring up to an anchor when the flood makes.

Already the lower lands on either side were blotted out beneath tumultuous waters, the harbour walls were drowned out of sight, and the flood was creeping up into the lower wards of the great city itself.

But the ocean rolled in upon the land in an ever-increasing flood, and the mountains smoked and belched forth more volleys of rock as the weight increased on their lower parts, and presently those that besieged the Mountain could not fail to see the fate that threatened them.

The mountains alone kept their heads above the flood, and spewed out rocks, and steam, and boiling stone, or burst when the waters reached them and created great whirlpools of surging sea, and twisted trees, and bubbling mud.

She came out to the side of the Ark, and leaned up, and cried me a farewell through the gathering roar of the flood.

There were great bars at the mouth of the river, so that it could only be entered at the height of the flood tide.

Othello entertained Desdemona with the story of his adventures : — Of moving accidents by flood and field .

Both have been subjected to the violent action of floods, to which the present condition of such geological deposits is due ; and many contents of the caves, though subjected to less violence, are the results of similar causes.

" During this period of greatest ice-extension and depression, the Philadelphia Eed Gravel and Brick Clay were deposited by the ice-laden floods which annually poured down the valley in the summer season.

The area of the enclosure is almost perfectly level, so that during rain-floods the water stands at a uniform height nearly to the edge of the ditch.

He notes many places along the banks of the Ohio and its tributaries, at an elevation above the spring floods except at rare intervals of violent freshets, where the flaking process of the old flint-workers had been extensively carried on, and where cores and waste chips abound.

After the land had been cleared, and the plough had loosened the soil, one of the great floods that occur at intervals of some fifteen or twenty years, would wash away the loose soil, leaving the great flint workshops exposed." There, accordingly, he notes among the materials thus brought to light, the cores or nuclei thrown aside, caches stored with finished and unfinished implements and flakes, the tools and wastage, vast accumulations of splinters, etc., all serving to illustrate the processes of the ancient flint-workers.

" But it was not until the great flood of the winter of 1862 and 1863 that overflowed this ridge three or four feet with a rapid current, that the portion under cultivation on the river bank was denuded, exposing over six acres of what at first appeared to be a mass of chips or stone rubbish, but amongst it were found many hammer-stones, celts, grooved axes, cores, flakes, almost innumerable scrapers and other implements, and many tynes from the buck or stag, all of which bore evidence of

Abbott remarks of it : "The melting of a local glacier in the Cattskill Mountains would probably result, at the head-waters of the Delaware, in a continued flood of sufficient volume, if supplemented by the action of floating ice, to form the Trenton gravels." 2 But these gravels are now recognised as the youngest of the series of ancient implement-bearing deposits.

All the evidence points to the conclusion that at the time of the Trenton gravel flood, Man, in a rude state, with habits similar to those of the river-drift hunter of Europe, and probably under a climate similar to that of more northern regions, lived upon the banks of the ancient Delaware, and lost his stone implements in |he shift- 1 Foster's Prehistoric Races, p.

Plato's dialogues are on this site at Timaeus and Critias, and there is already a note on his map of the world before the great flood.

In the second book he treats Plato's Atlantic island as a true history, not a fable, places it in the ocean between Spain and Africa and America, prints a map, and says the island was swallowed with its people by a flood or by earthquakes.

He does say the face of the land today is not the face it had of old, and he refuses the opinion that the mountains first lifted their heads out of the mud after the flood.

The whole island, with its inhabitants, was swallowed, whether by a flood or by earthquakes.

The flood did not make the first mountains.

In the second tome he rejects the opinion that mountains first put their heads up after the flood, out of heaped mud.

Noah could not have named a mountain that was not there before the flood.

The waters of the flood are said, in the place of Genesis he cites, to have stood fifteen cubits over all the mountains under heaven, which argues that those mountains already existed (Tomus II, p.

He says he finds that the storied ocean between the Persian gulf and the Erythraean sea was continuous sea before the flood, and that the flood heaped the sand, lifted the land, and forced the sea back into its gulfs (Tomus I, pp.

He holds that there were giants before and after the flood, greater than other men in size and strength.

The art before the flood.

Kircher also says the art was practiced by the first men before the flood, while Adam was still alive, and notably by Tubalcain, and that Noah and his sons received it from their fathers and spread it, after the flood, into all parts of the world (Tomus II, p.

They add no claim about Atlantis, the flood, or the canals.

The book does not discuss Atlantis, a lost land, or the flood.

A great part of the fields of Ferrara grew from the floods of the Po.

The whole island, with its inhabitants, was swallowed, whether by a flood or by earthquakes.

He has Plato say that the deep bed of the sea lies open, and that the vase of the deep sea which surrounds it on every side, since many and great floods of nine thousand years came between, and that is the whole time from then to our age, left no part of the land in our time without the changes that follow when higher places flow down.

Plato, he says, brings this in to show the destruction of the Atlantic island, by an insignificant transmutation of part of the land, which the Greeks fable to have happened in Greece, over an interval of nine thousand years, by a triple flood.

Then, by the floods of rain, and by the fat earth being scraped off together with the woods, the lowest valleys, fields, and even the sea itself were little by little filled.

He finds that the storied ocean lying between the Persian gulf and the Erythraean sea was continuous sea before the flood.

The flood heaped huge sands and mounds of sand there, lifted the land, forced the sea back inside its gulfs, and left the sand-heap they now experience.

The flood appears only as he passes into the next book, in the sands heaped after it.

Sand, gravel, and the rest are gathered in the empty places of mountains and mines, or rolled along the banks of rivers and seas by the agitation of the waves, or brought down the burrows of the mountains by the motion of the waters, or heaped from sands after the flood.

One origin of sand, among others, is the heaping of sands after the flood.

Or from sands heaped after the flood, whence comes the origin of sandy mountains and hills.

The second chapter asks whether stony mountains existed from the beginning of things, or grew in the course of time out of mud, or after the flood out of an immense coagulation.

Those who think the mountains first lifted their heads after the flood, out of a heaping of mud, hold an opinion contrary to the sacred text, and it is wholly to be rejected.

When the sacred letters, in the cited place of Genesis, expressly say that the ark rested on the mountains of Armenia, above Ararat, the ark could not have rested above a thing which at first did not exist, nor could Noah afterwards have named a mountain which he had not known to exist before the flood.

The waters of the flood are said, in the cited place of Genesis, to have exceeded by fifteen cubits all the mountains which are under heaven.

That way of speaking argues nothing other than that the mountains already existed before the flood.

Giants of that kind, before and after the flood, that is, more eminent than other men both in size and in strength, are to be held as certain.

Og the giant, survivor both before and after the flood, was engaged in a notable and irreconcilable enmity with Noah, and continually sought him for slaughter.

They fable him of so immense a size that when he sought Noah's ark in the flood, the waters reached only to his knees.

He accepts giants before and after the flood as greater men.

I found no Atlantis, no lost land, and no flood in this book.

The flood does not return here as a claim about the shape of the world.

No one ought to doubt that the alchemy of the Egyptians was zealously cultivated by the first men of the world before the flood, while Adam was still alive, and notably by Tubalcain, the son of Lamech by Sella, as Genesis 4 has it.

The posterity of Adam, Noah and his sons, received it by ancestral tradition and, after the flood, spread it into all the parts of the world.

He is putting a metal art in the world before the flood, preserving it through Noah, and carrying it into Egypt by Cham.

Later in the same book he turns on a monument which someone would make the source of the first characters and letters after the flood.

It adds no Atlantic island, no lost land, and no new claim about the flood.

Origin of the Biblic Flood Idea.

Prior to the occurrence of the Biblical flood, in which Noah was the chief figure, it had become very plentiful in Egypt, and was then known as the Cas'to-rix (see our account of the flood), and subsequent to that cataclysm, it was changed to Diifret, and so remained until the time of the mythical, or so-called Biblical writings, when it was changed to Barley-Cora.

Prior to the time of the great flood, or Biblical narrative, in which Noah figured, a great flood passed through the central portion of the now known United States of America, that had place through central British America and passed out into the southern waters of the globe, through the region now drained by the great rivers and their tributaries, of the central States.

Subsequently, the descendants of the Shazas, who survived the flood conditions above referred to, erected all the now known barrows, or circular mounds; those also of square or rectangular form, or the combined forms of the two latter; and also the representations of birds, animals, reptiles, and human forms, which they did, as sacred symbols, in memory of their ancestors and their hamlets, that were lost in the great cataclysm.

He took to himself a wife by the name of Mel-etish, and to them was born a son whose name was Ge-lin'get, the ultimate life conditions of whomi, furnished the theme for the Biblical myth, or narrative of Noah and the Flood.

As was the case with parts of the ethnographich myths, being founded on facts, so it was with that of Noah and the Flood.

When finally they arrived in the vicinity of their hamlets and homes in the valley,- they found that the sand and soil had been transported to the valley below, by the great fluvial power and force of the flood, and had therefore buried their homes out of sight, and were it not for the process of decay, that destroys such materials when they are buried beneath the earth's sur- face, many of the possessions of those people could be found to-day by means of excavation.

The above named flood was almost as disastrous as was that wihch submerged Atlantis, the difference being only in the final removal of the waters from the earth's surface in that section at the time of the flood, and the non-occurrence of severe convulsions beneath the earth's surface at the time of the flood.

The now known Lake Van, bordering the section of Van, on the northwest, Bitlis on the east and Erzerum on the south, between Armenia and Kurdistan, Turkey, and Lake Erivan, or Cotcha, in Trans-Caucasia, Russia, are remnant water sections of the prehistoric flood above referred to; but.

Just previous to the time of the great flood in which the Biblical narration pictures Noah as the principal character, that portion of the country lying south, and southwest of Judea and Idutnea, was a great low marshy section, then known as Ge-ron'- de-ze (the term meaning uninhabited country).

At the time of the great flood that had place throughout what is now known as the "Holy Land" (previously mentioned), great changes came to the entire country, which caused many of the 63^

the [flood, and much, of the soil and sand was washed down from between the ranges of.

district; the Wady el' Khulil and'its outlet into the Mediterranean Sea, though a part of it existed before the flood, and was the boundary between Judea and the country of Gerondeze.

All' the water courses between Syria.and Egypt' were- changed to either larger or smaller dimensions by the effects- of the flood.

He had a dream of a coming flood.

flood.

A flood, Shamas made.

The myth of Ophion, in Pauly's Cyclopedia, is as follows : " One of the oldest Titans, who with his wife Eurynome, a daughter of Oceanus, ruled over Olympus, till they retreated before Chronus and Rhea; and both threw themselves into the floods of Ocean." The myth of his wife is as follows : " Eurynome, daughter of Oceanus, who with Tethys drove Vulcan from Olympus." In the Dionusica of Nonnus, it stands thus, "Eurynome, an Oceanide, spouse of Ophion, one of the five Giants that escaped from the battle of Olympus." Pauly has the following, " In the oldest Theogony, Eurynome, with her husband Ophion, possessed the rule of the world before Chronus." To these myths must be added.

"Ophion, one of the oldest Titans, who with his wife Eurynome, daughter of Oceanus, ruled over Olympus, till they retreated before Chronus and Rhea, and both threw themselves into the flood of Ocean." "Eurynome with Tethys drove Vulcan from Olympus." "Eurynome an Oceanide, spouse of Ophion, one of the five Giants that escaped from the battle of Olympus." Eurynome with Ophion, possessed the rule of the world, before Chronus." " The history of Cadmus is tied to the Ophiuchus." "The marriage of Cadmus was at Mount Olympus." In the myth of the Giants, it is said, "Some of them, as Cottus, Briareus and Gyges, had each 50 heads, and 100 arms and serpents instead of legs.

But there must have been more battles than one, for Ophion and Eurynome retreat before Chronus and Rhea, and throw themselves into the flood of Ocean.

"They speak of a great flood, that rose above the high trees and hills.

After the flood, two kangaroos and opossums appeared.

Amongst them was Pungil, their principal deity, Karackock, their female Prometheus, Teer and Teerer, sons of Pungil, Betwood and Bobinger, son and daughter of Pungil, the first pair who dwelt on the earth after the flood, from whom the present race of mortals are sprung.

The action of great waves and floods of water.

Lubbock says : "We must feel that a body of water, with power to move such masses as these, must have been very different from any floods now occurring in those valleys, and might well deserve the name of a cataclysm.

But a flood which could bring down so great a mass would certainly have swept away the comparatively light and movable gravel below.

We can not, therefore, account for the phenomena by aqueous action, because a flood which would deposit the sandstone blocks would remove the underlying gravel, and a flood which woixld deposit the gravel would not remove the blocks.

It is an age of tremendous floods.

Brooks become mighty rivers, and rivers are floods ; the Drift debris is cut into by the waters, re-ar-ranged, piled up in what is called the stratified, secondary, or Champlain drift.

The warmth lifts up part of the water already cast down, and the outflow of the steaming ice-fields, and pours it down again in prodigious floods.

And then grave and able men,—philosophers, scientists,—were seen with note-books and pencils, going out into Hindoo villages, into German cottages, into Highland huts, into Indian tepees, in short, into all lands, taking down with the utmost care, accuracy, and respect, the fairy-stories, myths, and legends of the people ;—as repeated by old peasant-women, " the knitters in the sun," or by " gray-haired warriors, famoused for fights." And, when they came to put these narratives in due form, and, as it were, in parallel columns, it became apparent that they threw great floods of light upon the history of the world, and especiallyupon the question of the unity of the race.

There is a season of floods.

But in this flood Nag]far gets afloat.

The clouds disappear ; the floods find their way back to the ocean ; nature begins to decorate once more the scarred and crushed face of the world.

tliey, of the ruling caste, should have a refuge in case of another flood, and on the top of this temple the masters worshiped a column of perpetual fire." It would be natural to suppose that this was the great deluge to which all the legends of mankind refer, and which I have supposed, elsewhere, to refer to the destruction of " Atlantis"; but it must be remembered that both east and west of the Atlantic the traditions of mankind refer to several deluges—to a series of catastrophes—occurring at times far apart.

175 frog had " swallowed all the waters," that is to say, the falling rains had been congealed in these great snow-banks and glaciers ; the sun melts them, and kills the frog ; the waters pour forth in deluging floods ; Manibozho " guides the torrents into smooth streams and lakes " ; the woods return, and become once more full of animal life.

It has oftentimes been urged, by the skeptical, when legends of Noah's flood were found among rude races, that they had been derived from Christian missionaries.

Then Ta-wats, the hare-god, fled before the destruction he had wrought, and as he fled the burning earth consumed his feet, consumed his legs, consumed his body, consumed his hands and his arras—all were consumed but the head alone, which bowled across valleys and over mountains, fleeing desti'uction from the burning earth, until at last, swollen Avith heat, the eyes of the god burst and the tears gushed forth in a flood tohich spread over the earth and extinguished the fire.

% Only tremendous heat could have lifted the water of the seas into clouds, and formed the age of snow and floods evidenced by the secondary Drift.

*' From its hallowed recesses the mythical civilizers of Peru, the first of men, emerged, and in it, during the time of the flood, the remnants of the race escaped the fury of the waves." * "We read in the legends of Oraibi, hereafter quoted more fully, that the people climbed up a ladder from a lower world to this—that is, they ascended from the cave in which they had taken refuge.

The flood came, the waters rose and rose ; but Yehl clothed himself in his bird-skin, and soared up to the heavens, where he stuck his beak into a cloud, and remained until the waters were assuaged." | This tradition reminds us of the legend of the Thessalian Cerambos, " who escaped the flood by rising into the air on wings, given him by the nymphs." I turn now to the traditions of the Miztecs, who dwelt on the outskirts of the Mexican Empire ; this legend was taken by Fray Gregoria Garcia * from a book found in a convent in Cuilapa, a little Indian town, about a league and a half south of Oajaca ; the book had been compiled by the vicar of the convent, "just as they * "Popular Science Monthly," October, 18T9, p.

The probability is, that both of these suppositions are in part true ; the comet brought down upon the earth the clay-dust and part of the gravel and bowlders ; Avhile the awful force it exerted, meeting the earth while moving at the rate of a million miles an hour, smashed the surface-rocks, tore them to pieces, ground them up and mixed the material wdth its own, and deposited all together on the heated surface of the earth, where the lower part was baked by the heat into "till" or "hardpan," while the rushing cyclones deposited the other material in partly stratified masses or drifts above it ; and part of this in time was rearranged by the great floods which followed the condensation of the cloud-masses into rain and snow, in the period of the River or Champlain Drift.

And we have the same sequence of events, for we learn that when all of Ta-wats was consumed but the head, "his tears gushed forth in a flood, which spread over the earth and extinguished the fires." The Aleuts of the Aleutian Archipelago have a tradition that a certain Old Man, called Iraghdadakh, created men "% casting stones on the earth; he flung also other stones into the air, the loater, and over the land, thus making beasts, birds, and fishes." * It is a general belief in many races that the stone axes and celts fell from the heavens.

Smith thinks that it was produced soon after the Flood, by an Arabian.

^Vll this is done with the greatest propriety, with the most consummate skill ; and, notwithstanding the expression of some erroneous opinions, all is under the influence of a devout and sanctified temper of mind." f Has this most ancient, wonderful, and lofty work, breathing the spirit of primeval times, its origin lost in the night of ages, testifying to a high civilization and a higher moral development, has it anything to do with that event which lay far beyond the Flood ?

Who glveth rain upon the earth, and sendeth waters upon thefields.'''' Rain here signifies the great floods which cover the earth.

Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him : but I \oill maintain mine own ways before him." In other words, I don't think this thing is right, and, though I tear my flesh with my teeth, and contemplate suicide, and though I may be slain for speaking, yet I will speak out, and maintain that God ought not to have done this thing ; he ought not to have sent this horrible affliction on the earth—this Are from heaven, which burned up my cattle ; this whirlwind which slew my children ; this sand of the sea ; this rush of floods ; this darkness in noonday in which mankind grope heli^lessly ; these arrows, this poison, this rush of waters, this sweeping away of mountains.

"While the rich man, (necessarily a wicked man,) is eating his dinner, God shall rain upon him a consuming fire, a fire not blown byman ; he shall be pierced by the arrows of God, the earth shall quake under his feet, the heavens shall blaze forth his iniquity ; the darkness shall be hid, shall disappear, in the glare of the conflagration ; and his substance shall flow away in the floods of God's wi'ath.

What was the way which the wicked, who did not live on "the island of the innocent," had trodden, but which was swept away in the flood as the bridge Bifrost w^as destroyed, in the Gothic legends, by the forces of MusiDclheim ?

and disturbed the inhabitants of Tai'tarus ; and in Ilesiod's narrative that the ghosts trembled around Phito in his dread dominion ; so here hell is laid bare by the great catastrophe, and the souls of the dead in the drowned Flood-land, beneath the waters, tremble.

The flood breaketh out from the inhabitants ; even the waters forgotten of the foot : thef/ are dried up, they are gone away from men.

As for the earth, out of it cometh bread : and under it is turned up as it tcerejire.'''' Maurer and Gesenius translate verse 4 in a way wonderfully in accord with my theory : "The flood breaketh out from the inhabitants," they render, "a shaft, (or gulley-like pit,) is broken open far from the inhabitant, the dweller on the surface of the earth." * This is doubtless the pit in which Job was hidden, the nai-row-mouthed, bottomless cave, referred to hereafter.

The flood divideth from the people that are on theirjourney, those whom the foot of the needy man hath forgotten, and those icho cannot he come at.

The land out of which bread grew in its place, hath been overturned xcithfireP That is to say, God has considered whether he would not make an end of all things : he has set a time for darkness ; in the dark ai"e the stones ; the flood separates the people ; those who are escaping are divided by it from those who were forgotten, or who are on the other side of the flood, where they can not be come at.

He" (God) "lifteth up the drops of rain and poureth out showers like floods.

The sun has sucked up the seas, they have fallen in great floods ; the thick clouds have covered the face of the sun ; great noises prevail ; there is a great light, and after it a roaring noise ; the snow

falls on the earth, with winter rains, (cold rains,) and great rains ; men climb down ropes into deep shafts or pits ; they are sealed up, and beasts are driven to their dens and stay there : there are great cold and frost, and more floods ; then the continual rains dissi^jate the clouds.

One version makes this read : "Poured itself into a mass by the rain, like molten metal." And another translates it — "Is caked into a mass hij heat., like molten metal, BEFORE THE EAIX FALLS." This is precisely in accordance with my theory that the " till " or " hard-pan," next the earth, was caked and baked by the heat iato its present pottery-like and impenetrable condition, long before the work of cooling and condensation set loose the floods to rearrange and form secondary Drift out of the upper portion of the debris.

This is he who dried up the rivers and absorbed or evaporated a great part of the water of the ocean, to subsequently cast it down in great floods of snow and rain, to cover the north with ice ;

And so, stumbling through these texts, falling over mistranslations and misconceptions, pushing aside the accumulated dust of centuried errors, we lay our hands upon a fossil that lived and breathed when time was new : we are carried back to ages not only before the flood, but to ages that were old when the flood came upon the earth.

GENESIS READ BY THE LIGHT OF THE COMET 331 clouds ; they had given down their moisture in immense and perpetual rains ; the low-lying lands of the earth were overflowed ; the very mountains, while not under water, were covered by the continual floods of rain.

But read Genesis in this new light : There was water everywhere ; floods from the clouds, floods from the melting ice ; floods on the land, where the i-eturn of the evaporated moisture was not able, by the channel-ways of the earth, to yet find its way back to the oceans.

The next subdivision of time was that period, still in the twilight, when the floods fell and covered a large part of the earth, but gradually gathered themselves together in the lower lands, and left the mountains bare.

The third subdivision was that in which the continents cleared themselves more and more of the floods, and the increasing light and warmth called forth grass and the

In the Tahoe legend, we read that the superior race compelled the inferior to build a great temple for their protection from floods ; and the oppressed people escaped in canoes, while the world blazes behind them.

There is a Pompeii, a Herculaneum, somewhere, underneath central and northwestern Illinois or Tennessee, of the most marvelous character ; not of Egypt, Assyria, or the Roman Empire, things of yesterday, but belonging to an inconceivable antiquity ; to pre-glacial times ; to a period ages before the flood of Noah ;—a civilization which was drowned and deluged out of sight under the immeasurable clay-flood of the comet.

o/^/^e innocent: zndiitis delivered by the pureness of thine [Job's] hands." And, as I have shown, in Genesis it appears that, after the Age of Darkness, God separated the floods which overwhelmed the eartli and made a firmament, a place of solidity, a refuge, (chap, i, vs.

Which were (was?) cut down out of time, wJiose foundation was overflown vnth a floods And in chapter xxviii, verse 4, we have what may be another allusion to this " way," along which go the jDcople who are on their journey, and which " divideth the flood," and on which some are escaping.

An age of floods and snows and ice and torrents.

Then came the clouds, the rains, the floods, the snows, the darkness ; and still the people wandered.

Given heat enough to raise this mass, given the cold caused by its evaporation, given the time necessary for the great battle between this heat and this condensation, given the time to restore this body of water to the ocean, not once but many times,—for, along the southern border of the floods,where Muspelheim and Niflheim met, the heat must have sucked up the water as fast almost as it fell, to fall again, and again to be lifted up, imtil the heat-area was driven back and water fell, at last, everywhere on the earth's face, and the extraordinary evaporation ceased,—this was a gigantic, long-continued battle.

433 It was accompanied or followed, as in the Drift Age, by tremendous floods of water ; the evaporated seas returned to the earth in wasting storms : " The waters commenced the work of denudation, which has been continued to the present time." * Is not all this a striking confirmation of my theory ?

Its rocks were melted—not merely decomposed, as in the Drift Age,—but actually melted and metamorphosed ; the heat, as in the Drift Age, sucked up the waters of the seas, to cast them down again in great floods ; it wiped out nearly all the life of the planet, even as the DriftAge exterminated the great mammals ; whatever drift then fell probably melted with the burning rocks.

If I am right, despite these incalculable tons of matter piled on the earth, despite heat and cyclones and darkness and ice and floods, not even a tender tropical plant fit to adorn or sustain man's life was blotted out ; not an animal valuable for domestication was exterminated ; and not even the great inventions which man had attained to, during the Tertiary Age, were lost.

The beings and men {Owini and Linowi) ail go forth from the flood creeping in shallow water , or swimming afloat, asking which is the way to the turtle back Tulapin (this verse like raany others is in rhymes, and mètre of 9 words of 3 syllables.

AfLcr Ihc flood, Ihe manly raen Lenajjcwi, witb Ihe manly turlle beings, dwelt close logether at the cave house, and dwellingof Talli{{).

The flood, inside the frame only.

Coppinger says the swamping of the continent might very well correspond to the Flood.

The swamping of the continent of Atlantis might very well correspond to the Flood.

The flood is creeping into the lower wards.

The roar of the flood covers much of the curse.

This avertissement names no island and no flood.

This letter places no Atlantic island and describes no flood.

On the leaves I read it does not yet name a homeland, and it does not describe a flood of waters.

It does not describe a flood, and it does not fix a latitude.

On the opening page it does not name the island Atlantis, and it does not describe a flood.

On this opening leaf the letter names no Atlantic island and describes no flood.

On that same page he sets two flood memories, and he does not call them the universal deluge in the sentence I quote.

I read Thomas Taylor's English of Proclus for the claims a later writer can set beside Plato's own telling of the island, the war, and the floods.

It adds no Atlantic island, no war with Athens, and no flood.

The Atlantic war, the island, and the floods are not a digression inside it.

The war, the island, and the floods are this book.

An older flood that uncovers the island, and a later one that covers it.

Under Xisuchros, Sisuthos, whom he says represents Jesus and his time, the Chaldean flood, which he also calls Celtic, is 18 Saren of 3,600 years, which he writes as 64,800 years.

Wieland says the astronomers Hanns Hörbiger and Hanns Fischer have proved the continent, its destruction by an earth catastrophe, the flood, and the high culture of its inhabitants.

A later flood covered the mountains.

Limestone in the Bavarian lithographic quarries, sand and clay pits, salt mines, and beds of stone coal and brown coal, often over 1,000 meters deep, are for him the work of enormous floods, not of ordinary rivers.

In South America, flood marks stand at 3,000 meters, and above them, on steep walls, are hieroglyphs at least 1 million years old that could only have been cut from a raft.

In Greenland and on Novaya Zemlya, which he prints Nowaja Semlia, flood marks stand at 1,000 meters.

More than 70 flood sagas, after Andree, may have a historical ground.

Each fall brought ice, floods from equator to pole and back, new land, coal from drifted forests, and petroleum from mass death of animals.

Water piled into a girdle flood between the tropics and covered Atlantis, Lemuria, and almost all of Africa, while the caps of both hemispheres iced down to 40 degrees.

The girdle flood swung north and south every day.

The flood saga of the Chibcha says there was a moonless time before the last flood, the one that put Atlantis under water again.

After the girdle flood ran back, part of Russia stayed under water until the earth caught the present moon, and that water separated Europe from Asia.

Since Fischer credibly argues that human culture already existed before the previous moon fell, in the Tertiary, and since Hauser's finds in the Vezeretal reach into the time of that moon's girdle flood, an enormous stretch must be assumed for the age of that sanctuary, and Europe as the place of origin of the ring-shaped works.

If one recalls that the fall of Atlantis called forth a quite enormous flood wave that ran around the whole globe, and that for weeks cloudbursts visited the Atlantic and the neighboring lands, the conclusion lies very near that the doubtless Atlantic Aryan colony in the plain of North America was destroyed at that catastrophe.

Here one is dealing with old Atlantic culture, presumably destroyed by the giant flood wave that arose at the fall of Atlantis, like the mound builders.

After Beta a giant army march went out from North Africa, with Negroes and Asians mixed in, over Italy, then still joined to Africa before the flood that arose at the capture of the present moon, to Germany, which then embraced all Europe.

The enormous attraction of the approaching moon drew the floods of the world sea off from the polar regions into the warmer latitudes, so that Atlantis and Lemuria were covered by the sea.

The great moon-capture flood happened, after the Chaldean, which he glosses as Celtic, flood saga, under Xisuchros, Sisuthos, who represents Jesus and his time.

After the calculations of the Chaldeans the flood was 18 Saren of 3,600 years, equaling 64,800 years.

The moon-capture flood had a special meaning for Europe.

The floods of the sea rush in, and the fountains of the deep break up.

In one hour, Revelation 18:17, the culture of tens of thousands of years had sunk into the deep, and the dull, smoking, steaming floods of the ocean rolled over the grave of 64 million people.

These reports agree with the other flood reports of the old culture peoples, also with Gallic and British ones.

Greek tradition lets Deucalion and his wife Pyrrha escape the great flood and become the tribal parents of a new humankind.

To the flood reports in all the world an Upper Bavarian saga also joins, after which a human pair saved themselves from the great flood onto the Watzmann.

The water mass of the earth will thereby be so enlarged that Atlantis and Lemuria can never rise again, not even at the great return flood.

The observed slow, apparent sinking of Heligoland and of the district of Hadeln on the North Sea, 5 centimeters in 100 years, and the slow rise of the mean water at the gauges of the Rhine and North Sea harbors, are perhaps to be traced to the hardly noticeable, growing girdle flood of the earth called forth by the moon's approach.

With the fall, and through the enormous flood wave that roared over parts of the neighboring continents, a considerable fraction of the Aryan population of the earth was also rooted out, and further by the destruction fights against the Aias that set in in the colonies when Aryan power and the Aryan motherland vanished.

The old Aryan history reports of world creation, paradise, fall, flood, Atlantis, and Baldur the Messiah are set up as revelations of the Jewish desert god and national idol Jahwe.

A weak image of that Atlantic flood catastrophe was given in 1923 by the great earthquake of Japan, which had similar consequences for Japan: countless people died, numerous cities were broken in a few moments like a toy and burned, an enormous flood wave destroyed numerous coastal cities and ships of the war fleet and the merchant fleet, whole island groups vanished without a trace, Japan's industry, capital, and credit were heavily damaged, and his misfortune necessarily brought an overturn of the political grouping in the Far East, finding its first expression in the American ban on Japanese immigration.

Section 34, pages 171 to 199, is the longest, and it is the section in which he refuses a Jesus in Palestine about 1,900 years ago and puts a Germanic king Esus either on Atlantis or in Germany, at Goslar, before the flood.

Beta brings evidence that he lived before the last flood.

The ancient traditions of an old Irmin family, guarded as a secret, which he may now communicate, say that before the great flood, in Goslar, Idarvalla, Jöruvalla, a German king's son, Esus Jesus, was bound to a tree and martyred.

He is the crucified lord named by Revelation, who lived before the flood, probably before the last flood, the flood arising by the capture of Luna, and the flood after him is called the flood of Vul.

I have given the names, places, and the two dates he is willing to use, Atlantis or Germany, and before the last flood.

The reports of world creation, paradise, fall, and flood are original Germanic.

A later revolution, which he separates from Noah's flood and identifies with the flood of Ogyges in the time of the Egyptian Hercules, drowned that land and opened the Atlantic and the Mediterranean.

Not Noah's flood.

He identifies it with the flood of Ogyges, in the time of the Egyptian Hercules and of Phoroneus, son of the first Inachus.

The flood of Ogyges, 4000 years before J.

What had been a plain became a valley by the flow of the waters, and mountains, carried off by the floods, were borne into the sea.

The finding he states, and the one the heading prints, is that Deucalion's deluge is not Noah's, was not known to the ancient Greeks as a world flood, and is the annual rising of the Nile told again in Greece.

There, repeated with variants, is the image of a tree covered with flowers, the trunk broken in the middle, from which, the authors say, floods of blood escape.

It adds no separate flood.

Open the Mexican documents in Kingsborough and you will see, under a more or less varied form, the griffin, the fabulous bird, sometimes perched on the sacred tree, like the one seen at the summit of the cross of Palenque, sometimes presiding over the floods of lava flowing from the trunk of the broken tree.

Alem Prolex, Del'zo or chief Atlantian spirit director, and third Efremetrum of the Lontidri, gives government, religion, much of the ethnology, and the flood account.

It adds no Atlantic place, no flood date, and no race.

The chapter adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, flood, or Antediluvian claim.

It adds no Atlantic geography and no flood.

It adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, flood, or Antediluvian claim.

It adds no Atlantic section, no flood year, and no Antediluvian people.

They add remnant plants, not a new flood or a new race.

They add no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, flood, or Antediluvian claim of their own.

The flood is placed while these families occupied Nodegent, Munzomuns, Esgenenex, Jentiusen, where Marreza is, northwest of Hinkelty, and Okalentus.

Not a universal flood.

I do not treat that footnote as a second flood story.

This last is the flood remnant he allows.

The flood he refuses to make universal.

I read Roisel's Études anté-historiques for the Atlantic land, the flood memories, and the colonies a later writer can set beside Plato.

This chapter adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, or flood claim.

It adds no Atlantis, Mu, Lemuria, or flood claim.

It adds no lost land and no flood.

I say what each one is, and I pull only the Atlantis, flood, or origin claim that is actually in it.

The preface adds no Atlantis, flood, or origin claim of its own.

The word flood occurs twice, and neither time is a deluge tradition.

A saga detail has great bars at a river mouth, so that it could be entered only at the height of the flood tide.

Later he quotes Othello on "moving accidents by flood and field," as Raleigh's kind of traveller's tale, including the Ewaipanoma of the Caoro in Guiana, men whose heads were said to grow beneath their shoulders.

That is Elizabethan marvel, not a flood myth.

The flood language here is geological or local, plus one native deluge legend.

Floods also appear as the agency that shaped drift deposits, as the ice-laden summer floods that laid the Philadelphia Red Gravel and Brick Clay, as rain standing in a level enclosure, and as the Ohio freshets that exposed spear points, including the great flood of the winter of 1862 and 1863.

Those are river floods.

Lewis, of the Pennsylvania Geological Survey, concluded that at the time of the Trenton gravel flood, man in a rude state, with habits like those of the river-drift hunter of Europe, lived on the banks of the ancient Delaware and lost his stone implements in the shifting sands.

That "flood" is a geological river flood.

One origin phrase belongs with flood comparisons, and it is a translator's analogy, not a deluge narrative.

The study adds no Atlantis, no flood, and no Mu.

It is not a claim about a lost continent, a flood, or an antediluvian civilization.

Kaempfer's Japan gives him Maurigasima, an island in the Pacific near Formosa, sunk after a dream of flood.

He dreamed of a flood, to come when the faces of the idols In-fo-ni-woo and Awun, gods of generation and destruction, turned red.

Aglio's pictures are his gallery of prehistoric American costume, and he says they show American life before the flood (pp.

Vishnu as a fish fixes the ark by a cable, a vast serpent, to his horns, till the flood subsides.

The Assyrian deluge tablet, which he numbers in short lines: the city Shuruppak, Ana, Bel, Ninip lord of Hades, a great ship, Hea, fourteen measures, the pilot, silver, gold, seeds and beasts, a flood that Shamash made, and the gods taking refuge in the heaven of Anu.

Ophion, one of the oldest Titans, with his wife Eurynome, daughter of Oceanus, ruled Olympus until they retreated before Cronus and Rhea and threw themselves into the floods of ocean.

William Howitt, A Boy's Adventures in Australia: a great flood rose above the high trees and hills.

After the flood, two kangaroos and opossums appeared.

Among them were Pungil, their principal deity, Karackarook, their female Prometheus, which he prints Karackock, Teer and Teerer, sons of Pungil, and Betwood and Bobinger, son and daughter of Pungil, the first pair who dwelt on the earth after the flood, from whom the present race are sprung.

The flood is the Australian tradition he transcribes.

A comet brought the heat, the clay, and the gravel, and the myths remember the order of what followed: fire, caves, darkness, cold, floods, and the return of the sun.

Poisonous gases, caves, fire, the earth split, rain, then floods.

The Tahoe flood is not, he says, the one he supposed elsewhere to be the destruction of Atlantis, because the traditions speak of several deluges (p.

He lists four theories, in the order he will take them: great waves and floods, icebergs, glaciers, and a continental ice-sheet.

The flood he is refusing here is the old explanation of the gravel, not yet his own reading of Noah.

"And the evening and the morning were the first day." Floods cut the Drift into the stratified, secondary, or Champlain drift.

He numbers the order: gases, caves, fire, the earth cleft and the trap-rocks, rain, floods.

The ship Naglfar, made of the nails of dead men, floats in the flood, steered by the giant Hrym.

This is where he separates this flood from the destruction he had assigned to Atlantis elsewhere.

Ta-wats is burned away until only his head bowls across the land, his eyes burst, and the tears flood the earth and put out the fire.

Donnelly sets this beside the Thessalian Cerambos, who escaped a flood on wings given by the nymphs.

Later floods rearranged part of it into the River or Champlain Drift.

Smith thinks the book was produced soon after the Flood, by an Arabian.

In chapter 22 he finds "the island of the innocent," which he will make the refuge, and in chapter 28 a "way" which the flood cut down.

The second subdivision is the floods gathering into the lower lands and leaving the mountains bare, while the light increases.

He calls it a Pompeii under central and northwestern Illinois or Tennessee, drowned under the clay-flood of the comet, ages before the flood of Noah.

Job 22 asks whether the reader has marked the old way which wicked men have trodden, cut down out of time, whose foundation was overflown with a flood.

Job 28:4 is another possible allusion to a way that divideth the flood.

He answers that the Drift is already out of that course, hundreds of feet thick and sudden, and that any rival theory still has to hold six things: great heat, a sudden catastrophe, great evaporation of the seas, great clouds, an age of floods and snows and ice and torrents, and the human legends.

Then came the clouds, the rains, the floods, the snows, and the darkness.

Floods followed, as the evaporated seas returned.