There was an ancient tradition among the Persians that the Phœnicians migrated from the shores of the Erythræan Sea, and this has been supposed to mean the Persian Gulf; but there was a very old city of Erythia, in utter ruin in the time of Strabo, which was built in some ancient age, long before the founding of Gades, near the site of that town, on the Atlantic coast of Spain.
257.) Hercules stole the cattle from this remote oceanic island, and, returning drove them "through Iberia, Gaul, over the Alps, and through Italy." (Ibid.) It is probable that a people emigrating from the Erythræan Sea, that is, from the Atlantic, first gave their name to a town on the coast of Spain, and at a later date to the Persian Gulf--as we have seen the name of York carried from England to the banks of the Hudson, and then to the Arctic Circle.
Their colonies and trading-posts extended east and west from the shores of the Black Sea, through the Mediterranean to the west coast of Africa and of Spain, and around to Ireland and England; while from north to south they ranged from the Baltic to the Persian Gulf.
Bryant says, "Ad and Ada signify the first." The Persians called the first man "Ad-amah." "Adon" was one of the names of the Supreme God of the Phœnicians; from it was derived the name of the Greek god "Ad-onis." The Arv-ad of Genesis was the Ar-Ad of the Cushites; it is now known as Ru-Ad.
Sir William Jones gives the tradition of the Persians as to the earliest ages.
He says: "Moshan assures us that in the opinion of the best informed Persians the first monarch of Iran, and of the whole earth, was Mashab-Ad; that he received from the Creator, and promulgated among men a sacred book, in a heavenly language, to which the Mussulman author gives the Arabic title of 'Desatir,' or 'Regulations.' Mashab-Ad was, in the opinion of the ancient Persians, the person left at the end of the last great cycle, and consequently the father of the present world.
In the Persian story he appears as Yima, and "is made ruler of the golden age and founder of the Paradise." (Ibid., p.
We thus find the sons of Ad at the base of all the most ancient races of men, to wit, the Hebrews, the Arabians, the Chaldeans, the Hindoos, the Persians, the Egyptians, the Ethiopians, the Mexicans, and the Central Americans; testimony that all these races traced their beginning back to a dimly remembered Ad-lantis.
The Persian Magi possessed a tradition in which the waters issued from the oven of an old woman.
Herodotus (Histories, Book I) provides a detailed account of Babylon's conquest by the Persian king Cyrus the Great in 539 BCE.
He later encountered a spiritual teacher named Ashkenazi, who had Persian-Atlantean ancestry.
By the 6th century BC, Persian rule took over, and Phoenicia became a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire.
Summary: The Persian Empire of Cyrus and Darius was vast, known for its administration, its roads and its tolerance of many cultures.
See Persians.
Kedarites, Dedanites: Arabian tribes, significant in trade during the Persian and Greek periods.
Chest and Arms of Silver: the Medo-Persian Empire.
"Also the magus Zoroaster, in his sacred collection of Persian lore, says just this: ‘The one who has the head of a hawk is god.
Mount Cithaeron is historically significant due to its proximity to the site of the Battle of Plataea, fought in 479 BCE during the Greco-Persian Wars.
The battle was a decisive Greek victory against the Persians and marked the end of the Persian invasion of Greece.
Berossus describes an amphibious being who rises from the Erythraean Sea (the Persian Gulf) to teach letters, cities, temples, laws, and agriculture.
In the daytime he came up to the seashore of the Persian Gulf and instructed mankind in writing, the arts, and the sciences.
In Pre-Adamite Man (1863), Paschal Beverly Randolph retells a Persian story of the first man, whom he spells Kyomarz and also Kyomurz.
He draws it from the Dabistan, a Persian book on religions, and places it at the end of a long run of world cycles that begins with Mahabad.
He adds that by this he means the Persians.
The Persian figure is better known today as Keyumars, or Gayomart in its Avestan form.
Zabihollah Safa, summing up the Middle Persian texts, gives his title as Gar-shāh and reads it as "King of the Mountains", not "clay king".
He does not say how this number is reached, beyond his remark that even after cutting most of the years from the Persian chronologies, a very long span is left.
A king of the Persians, whom he does not name, fought pitched battles with the Deeves, a class of spirits who built cities in the province of Mazunduran.
The book Randolph calls the Dabistan is the Dabestan-e Mazaheb, a Persian survey of religions written between 1645 and 1658.
Readers who want the wider Persian background can turn to the page on Zoroaster, and the idea of people before Adam is covered on the page on the Pre-Adamites.
Paschal Beverly Randolph writes about Mahabad in "Pre-Adamite Man," explaining that Mahabad is a significant figure in ancient Persian mythology and history.
Great Cycles and Intelligent Beings: Randolph discusses the concept of time in Persian tradition, which is divided into a succession of great cycles.
This account places Mahabad at the center of a mythological narrative that underscores the cyclical nature of time and civilization in ancient Persian beliefs, supporting Randolph’s broader thesis of ancient, pre-Adamite civilizations.
Under Persian rule, exiled Judeans were allowed to return and rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem, marking the beginning of the Second Temple period.
The influence of Zoroastrianism during the Persian period is evident in some theological developments, such as concepts of dualism and eschatology.
The interactions with various empires and cultures, from the Assyrians and Babylonians to the Persians and Hellenistic Greeks, further enriched and diversified Yahwistic religious traditions, contributing to the complex tapestry of Abrahamic religions.
A Persian tradition had the Phoenicians come from the shores of the Erythraean Sea, usually taken to mean the Persian Gulf.
Persian Magi: A flood originates from an oven, a story later adapted by the Koran.
Yima, also known as Jamshid in later Persian mythology, was a legendary king and a central figure in Zoroastrian tradition.
Third Sub-Race: Persian
Persian story books and Nabatean farm legends tell that kind of story too.
Persians call the flat-headed men Nim-ser.
Divs are demonic or anti-divine beings in Persian tradition.
This is a Persian and Eastern story book.
Bailly takes this from Persian stories as they stand in Barthélemy d'Herbelot's Bibliothèque orientale.
He does not open a Persian chronicle himself.
The Persians also use divmardum for a wild animal with a human figure.
Distance and fear lifted the word above the human, and the Persian language kept the lifted form.
So the Persian memory, as he uses it, is an earlier people, strong and instructed, set on the far side of the Caucasus, and then broken and scattered in one war.
So do Nabatean legends of people before Adam, and Persian story-book races before Adam.
But the prince of the Persian kingdom resisted me twenty-one days.
The Persian story, adopted by the Arabs, is that the forbidden fruit was wheat, and that it grew on a tree whose trunk resembled gold and its branches silver.
In Modern Persian, Sirius is called Tishtar or Tir, derived from the same root.
They occupied a large tract of country in Southern Arabia, extending from Umman at the mouth of the Persian Gulf to Hadhramaut and Yemen at the southern end of the Red Sea.
Hughes gives the Persian names for two kinds of Jinn.
The evil ones are called "by the Persian Deves".
Wikipedia reports a Persian version with the same order.
The order is not the Persian order.
What Oahspe does share with the Persian story is the pair.
The concept of subterranean dwarfs in Iranian folklore is a fascinating aspect of Persian mythical traditions.
In some Persian tales, some dwarfs are believed to live underground.
In Persian tradition the Divs are the opposite of the Peris.
Thomas Patrick Hughes gives Deves as the Persian name for the evil Jinn, and Bailly, citing Herbelot, reads the Dives as giants.
In Persian mythology the Peris are winged beings of great beauty, usually seen as good.